Open data and linked data
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The document outlines key concepts and principles of open data and linked data, emphasizing transparency, innovation, and the reuse of data for societal and commercial value. It highlights the importance of structured, machine-readable data formats and the use of URIs and SPARQL for querying information. Examples like DBpedia and the NY Times linked open data illustrate practical applications and the potential for integrating diverse data sources.
Open data and linked data
- 1. Open data & linked data Hacknight, Malmö – 6 augusti 2011 Marie Gustafsson Friberger marie.friberger@mah.se
- 2. Hans Rosling http://www.flickr.com/photos/23176450@N08/2663925153/
- 3. Hans Rosling "The database hugging in public institutions is hampering innovation." Hans Rosling at OECD World Forum in Istanbul, 2007 http://www.viddler.com/explore/JesseRobbins/videos/4/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/23176450@N08/2663925153/
- 4. Why open data? • Transparency • Value – for society as a whole and commercially • More people can do fun things with data!
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- 10. • How best to provide access to data so it can be most easily reused? • How to enable the discovery of relevant data within the multitude of available data sets? • How to enable applications to integrate data from large numbers of formerly unknown data sources? 10
- 12. Available on the web (whatever format), but with an open licence Available as machine-readable structured data (e.g. excel instead of image scan of a table) as (2) plus non-proprietary format (e.g. CSV instead of excel) All the above plus, Use open standards from W3C (RDF and SPARQL) to identify things, so that people can point at your stuff All the above, plus: Link your data to other people’s data to provide context
- 13. RDF?
- 14. RDF? Resource Description Framework
- 15. RDF? Resource Description Framework
- 16. “Description”? Subject - Predicate - Object
- 17. Subject - Predicate - Object Image from the book Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist by Allemang and Hendler.
- 18. Image from the book Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist by Allemang and Hendler.
- 19. Multiple Sources + + Image from the book Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist by Allemang and Hendler.
- 20. One graph... Image from the book Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist by Allemang and Hendler.
- 21. What is what? • If two sources use the same terminology, do they have the same thing in mind? • URIs to the rescue! • Two nodes are “the same” if they share the same URI.
- 22. SPARQL • SPARQL Protocol and RDF Query Language (recursive acronym...) • W3C recommendation • A query contain a set of triple patterns called a basic graph pattern. • Triple patterns are like RDF triples except that each of the subject, predicate and object may be a variable.
- 23. Linked Data principles 1. Use URIs as names for things 2. Use HTTP URIs so that people can look up those names. 3. When someone looks up a URI, provide useful information, using the standards (RDF*, SPARQL) 4. Include links to other URIs so that they can discover more things. http://www.w3.org/DesignIssues/LinkedData.html
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- 25. Linked data 25 Linking Open Data cloud diagram, by Richard Cyganiak and Anja Jentzsch. http://lod-cloud.net/
- 26. • Extract structured information from Wikipedia and to make this information available on the Web. • The DBpedia knowledge base currently describes more than 3.4 million things, out of which 1.5 million are classified in a consistent ontology, including 312,000 persons, 413,000 places, 94,000 music albums, 49,000 films, 15,000 video games, 140,000 organizations, 146,000 species
- 27. Possible Queries • DBPedia allows you to find answers to questions where the information is spread across many different Wikipedia articles. • For example...
- 28. People who were born in Copenhagen before 1900 28
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- 31. NYTimes – Linked Open Data http://data.nytimes.com/
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- 33. Example app: Who Went Where?
- 35. Want to make data available?
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- 38. Want to find data?
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- 41. Want to build?
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- 43. Read more • Heath and Bizer (2011) Linked Data: Evolving the Web into a Global Data Space http://linkeddatabook.com/editions/1.0/ • Allemang and Hendler (2011) Semantic Web for the Working Ontologist http://workingontologist.org/ • http://open.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/03/30/build- your-own-nyt-linked-data-application/ • http://www.w3.org/2001/sw/wiki/Tools
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