Open source jura CBS (03 11-2010)
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The document provides biographical information about Martin von Haller Grønbæk, an attorney who specializes in open source law. It lists his professional experience, which includes co-founding organizations related to open source software and creative commons. It also provides details on his areas of legal expertise and contact information.
Open source jura CBS (03 11-2010)
- 1. Open Source jura Advokat Martin von Haller Grønbæk Partner, Bender von Haller Dragsted CBS - 14-03-2011 2 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 2. – Attorney-at-law, Bender von Haller Dragsted – Co-founder, Open Source Vendors Ass. (OSL) – Editorial board IFOSSLR – Co-founder, Creative Commons DK – Co-founder, Danish Internet Society Chapter – Legal advisor to Umbraco and Composite – Experience with GPL enforvement in Denmark 2 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 3. Martin von Haller Grønbæk – http://www.bvhd.dk – http://www.openlife.dk – http://www.vonhaller.dk – http://www.linkedin.com/in/vonhaller – http://www.23hq.com/mhg – http://www.slideshare.net/vonhaller – http://www.facebook.com/vonhaller – mhg@bvhd.dk – martin@groenbaek.net – groenbaek@gmail.com 3 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 4. Martin von Haller Grønbæk –Legal500: “At IT boutique Bender von Haller Dragsted, Martin von Haller Grønbæk is the Danish expert on open source and emerging issues around Web 2.0 and internet law.” 4 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 5. Agenda • Historien bag FLOSS • Varemærker og OSS • Ophavsret og OSS • Patenter og OSS • OSS Licenser • Copykeft • Business models • Cases 3 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 6. mandag den 4. april 2011
- 7. http://vodpod.com/watch/ 46377-revolution-os-1hr-25- mins 7 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 8. Free Software • Hacker culture • Richard Stallman • Free Software Foundation • Software should be free • GNU “GNU is not Unix” • BSD and ATT 8 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 9. Linus, Tux and Linux mandag den 4. april 2011
- 10. Linux and Open source • Linus Torvalds – Linux released under the GPL v2 • Eric Raymonds – Cathedral and the Bazaar • Bruce Perens – Open Source Initiative 10 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 11. mandag den 4. april 2011
- 12. Bruce Perens mandag den 4. april 2011
- 13. • 2002 OSS and Microsoft – Steve Balmer: “Copyright cancer”, “communism” • 2004 – SCO, Patent threaths, “Beware of infectious GPL” • 2006 – Umbraco • 2008 – Peaceful co-existence, Novell deal • 2009 – Contributions to Linux • 2010 – Composite • 2013 – Winux? 13 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 14. Communisme ? mandag den 4. april 2011
- 15. Communism ? mandag den 4. april 2011
- 16. Cancer? mandag den 4. april 2011
- 17. • 1998 OSS Business – Netscape • 1999 – Cygnus • 2000 – VA Linux, RedHat • 2005 – IBM, SUN • 2006 – Purple Scout, Redpill Linpro • 2008 – MySQL sold to SUN (2009: to Oracle) Symbian • 2010 – (almost) All Fortune500 companies use OSS 17 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 18. Begreber • Free software • Open source software • Copyleft • Free Software Foundation • Open Source Initiative • Free Libre Open Source Software 18 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 19. Free vs. Open mandag den 4. april 2011
- 20. FLOSS mandag den 4. april 2011
- 21. Free Software ideologi • “All software should be free” • Du får fire friheder • Du skal sikre disse friheder for andre • Når du videredistribuere fri software, sikre software disse friheder til næste led 21 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 22. “Free not as in free beer but as in freedom” mandag den 4. april 2011
- 23. Open source initiative mandag den 4. april 2011
- 24. Open Source principerne • Ret til at distribuere • Adgang til kildekolde • Ret til af lave afledede værker • Opretholdelse af kodens “integritet” • 5-10: Ikke-diskrimination – Kommerciel anvendelse – Ikke begrænsninger i andre aftaler – Ingen geografiske begrænsninger – Patenter 24 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 25. Overhold principperne! Ellers lad være med at kalde det OSS mandag den 4. april 2011
- 26. Giv æren til den, som den tilkommer mandag den 4. april 2011
- 27. Ophavsret ● The programmer or the producer owns the software ● Property rights are limited ● Copyright is limited in time ● The user is a user not an owner ● The license is an agreement not a law ● The license grants positively defined user rights. ● All residual rights belongs to the licensor ● Without copyright no licenses mandag den 4. april 2011
- 28. Open source og varemærker mandag den 4. april 2011
- 29. Open source og patenter mandag den 4. april 2011
- 30. Patents • “A set of exclusive rights granted by a state to an inventor or his assignee for a limited period of time in exchange for a disclosure of an invention” • FSF: “a patent on any performance of a computer realised by means of a computer program" • Licensor shall not restrict use by patents (downstream) • OSS licensee shall not claim patents against licensor or sublicensee (upstream and downstream) 30 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 31. Patent trolls mandag den 4. april 2011
- 32. Licenses • Academic or permissive licenses – Apache License v2 – MIT License – New BSD license • Copyleft, reciprocal or hereditary licences – Weak copyleft • Artistic license v1 • Eclipse Public License • Mozilla Public License v.1.1 – Strong copyleft • GNU GPL v1-3 • GNU LGPL v1-3 32 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 33. Copyleft - the basics • You don’t have to redistribute or distribute • (Exception: “written offer valid for any third party” in GPL, v. 2) • Comply or cease use, or call back distribution • Make combined program, including modifications and otherwise closed code available under GPL (or compatible licens) 33 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 34. mandag den 4. april 2011
- 35. GPL mandag den 4. april 2011
- 36. Derivative work • A work based on one or more pre- existing works • Improvement, translation, correction • Not collective work • Modifications are copyrighted themselves • Very few court cases • GPL: Combinations 36 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 37. Combination • Combination of code into a whole • NB: All combinations are permitted and “private” combinations have no restrictions • Mechanism of communication • Semantics of the communication • Output not covered • (Exc: GPL program copies text into output) • Output of language interpreter • (Exc: “bindings” interpreter to program) • Library is under GPL, program is not • Program is under GPL, module is not 37 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 38. Combination cont. • CMS Templates – Exc: Javascript calls • Microsoft Visual C++ (or Visual Basic) DLLs • Plug-ins under a GPL program – dynamically linked plug-ins – fork and exec to invoke plug-ins • System library exception • Aggregate work is not combined work • Linking exception • LGPL allows linking to closed applications – Java archive files 38 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 39. Distribution • GPL v2: Distribution • GPL v3: Propagation and Conveyance • In soft- and hardware • ASP loophole og network exception • Affero Public License • Contractors on/off-site • Outsourcing • Mergers and Acquisitions • Let recipient download the GPL’ed code 39 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 40. Escapes • Make deal with licensor • Replace code • Work around • GPL v3, sec. 8 – Termination notice • NDA: Developer can agree not to release changes at all • NDA: Developer can agree only to release changes to customer 40 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 41. Enforcement • The GPL is enforceable! – Germany 2004: Netfilter/Iptables; 2006: D-Link – US 2007: BusyBox; 2008: Jacobsen vs. Katzer – SCO • Copyright holder • Injunction • GPL-VIOLATIONS.ORG 41 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 42. Damages • Compensation under copyright • No penal damages or stipulated damages • Economic loss suffered by licensor • Rule of thumb: 2 x license fee • Legal fees 42 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 43. Tivo • Anti-Tivoization – Hardware restrictions – Cryptography – Tivo, OLPC – GPLv3 (not business distribution) 43 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 44. Business models • Dual licensing – Warranties – Copyleft exemptions • Services – Warranties – Support and maintenance – Consultancy – Accesories • Marketing and distribution • Hardware sales 44 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 45. The Mindstorm story mandag den 4. april 2011
- 46. LEGO goes open source 1 May 2006. LEGO press release Hackers, Get Ready! LEGO Group Announces Open Source Firmware, Developer Kits for LEGO® MINDSTORMS® NXT Consumer-directed robotics experience creation to enter “NXT” phase with open firmware, Software, Hardware and Bluetooth Developer Kits to launch in August mandag den 4. april 2011
- 47. Background ● Mindstorms robots launched in 1998 ● The best-selling LEGO product ever ● Huge Mindstorm community ● LEGO was and is not a software company ● Only minor upgrades to the firmware ● Several parallel Mindstorms OS’s mandag den 4. april 2011
- 48. Challenges ● LEGO was not comfortable with “openness” ● LEGO has been and is extremely reliant on strong IPRs ● ”You don't give away IPRs for free” ● Turbulent period for LEGO in general ● Third party software included mandag den 4. april 2011
- 49. Solution ● Embrace User driven innovation ● Open source as the enabler ● Third party permission for redistribution under an OS license ● Choice of license − ”Genuine” open source licence − Permissive (Academic) or Copyleft (reciprocal license) mandag den 4. april 2011
- 50. The OS license choice ● Mozilla Public license v. 1.1 ● Weak copyleft ● Modification is limited altering the files ● “I did not understand GPL v.2” ● LEGO was only concerned with modifications of the actual files 50 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 51. The “beauty” of the solution! • Huge press coverage and goodwill • Large number of downloads of code • Much more “intelligence” in the bricks • Convincing strategy towards competitors • Option to “close” the code again • Many more bricks sold! 51 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 52. Dual licensing mandag den 4. april 2011
- 53. CASE: MySQL Dual-licensing • The software company perspective • The same code is licensed under two different licences: – MySQL Community Server: GPL v. 2 with FOSS exception – MySQL Enterprise: Commercial license 53 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 54. Owner's prerogative ● The owner can decide to release under any and as many terms she likes ● Dual licensing is only possible for owner's own modfications ● Or assigned modifications ● Control is necessary to mitigate liability ● ”Closing in” the code again mandag den 4. april 2011
- 55. Copyright and control • MySQL has exclusive copyright to the code • MySQL controls and certifies the code • The GPL does not give any rights to use MySQLs trademarks 55 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 56. Why pay? • Certification of the code • Warranties • Maintenance and support • Copyleft exemption 56 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 57. Still not convinced? • MySQL AB was in 2008 bought by Sun Microsystem, Inc. for approximately USD $1 billion in total consideration 57 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 58. CASE: NITA • Danish National IT and Telecom Agency • eFaktura (eInvoice) • Electronic invoices to, from and between public agencies • Core service: UDDI registry for webservice to identify senders and receivers 58 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 59. Challenges • Two applications provided by NITA to user (e.g. ERP vendors) • API between users’ ERPs and UDDI WS • Reference implementation integrating API with ERP • NITA wanted to release the application under an OS license 59 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 60. Goals • Satisfying the politicians • Wide adoption of UDDI • Community based improvement of the API • Many vendors should integrate API into their ERP 60 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 61. Solutions • API – Copyleft – Mozilla public license v. 1.1 (maybe EUPL v. 1.1) • Reference implementation – Permissive licence – FreeBSD license 61 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 62. Thanks for listening! Also available at http://www.slideshare.net/vonhaller/ mandag den 4. april 2011
- 63. Creative Commons - some rights reserved Advokat Martin von Haller Grønbæk Partner, Bender von Haller Dragsted CBS - 14-03-2011 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 64. Agenda Behovet for CC Varme emner Forholdet til CC International ophavsret CC og biblioteker CC licenserne Support Free Eksempler på Culture and Open anvendelse Content! mandag den 4. april 2011
- 65. Personalia IT-Lawyer, partner at Bender von Haller Dragsted Advises a.o on open source and content licensing Co-founder of Forening for Dansk Internet Handel (FDIH), Open Source Leverandør Foreningen (OSL), Danish Chapter of Internet Society (ISOC DK), DK- Hostsmaster A/S and ... Creative Commons DK Board member of several SME IT companies Member of the Danish IT-security committee Openness fanatic! “in the kingdom of the blind, the one-eyed is king” mandag den 4. april 2011
- 66. Digital indhold Formand for bestyrelsen i Saxo.com Danmarks største Internet boghandel Fremtidens platform for digitalt indhold for produktion markedsføring og salg distribution Deling! mandag den 4. april 2011
- 67. – http://www.bvhd.dk – http://openlife.dk – http://www.vonhaller.dk – http://www.linkedin.com/in/vonhaller – http://www.23hq.com/mhg – http://www.slideshare.net/vonhaller – http://www.facebook.com/vonhaller – mhg@bvhd.dk – martin@groenbaek.net – groenbaek@gmail.com mandag den 4. april 2011
- 68. mandag den 4. april 2011
- 69. #1 Åbent indhold mandag den 4. april 2011
- 70. #1 Free Culture mandag den 4. april 2011
- 71. Mennesker kommunikerer! mandag den 4. april 2011
- 72. EMRK art 10, Stk. 1. Enhver har ret til ytringsfrihed. Denne ret omfatter meningsfrihed og frihed til at modtage eller meddele oplysninger eller tanker, uden indblanding fra offentlig myndighed og uden hensyn til landegrænser. Denne artikel forhindrer ikke stater i at kræve, at radio-, fjernsyns- eller filmforetagender kun må drives i henhold til bevilling. mandag den 4. april 2011
- 73. Envejs kommunikation mandag den 4. april 2011
- 74. Censur mandag den 4. april 2011
- 75. Propaganda mandag den 4. april 2011
- 76. Forbruger af informationer mandag den 4. april 2011
- 77. (Relativ) passiv modtager mandag den 4. april 2011
- 78. Ny teknologi ændrer verdenen mandag den 4. april 2011
- 79. Det store gennembrud mandag den 4. april 2011
- 80. Demokratisering af adgang til at modtage og afgive information mandag den 4. april 2011
- 81. ReadWrite web mandag den 4. april 2011
- 82. Post dotcom mandag den 4. april 2011
- 83. Web 2.0 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 84. “Participatory culture” mandag den 4. april 2011
- 85. ReMix mandag den 4. april 2011
- 86. MashUps mandag den 4. april 2011
- 87. eFolklore mandag den 4. april 2011
- 88. Kulturelt og kreativt overskud mandag den 4. april 2011
- 89. Innovation og økonomi mandag den 4. april 2011
- 90. Demokrati mandag den 4. april 2011
- 91. Ophavsret er nødvendig og rigtig mandag den 4. april 2011
- 92. Men ophavsret en er en del af den sociale kontrakt mandag den 4. april 2011
- 93. Ophavsret skal fremme innovation og vækst mandag den 4. april 2011
- 94. Er der behov for beskyttelse? mandag den 4. april 2011
- 95. Tanker behøver som udgangspunkt ingen beskyttelse mandag den 4. april 2011
- 96. Manifestationen er sårbar mandag den 4. april 2011
- 97. Give incitament til at skabe mandag den 4. april 2011
- 98. Regulering af økonomi mandag den 4. april 2011
- 99. Er der et markedsvigt? mandag den 4. april 2011
- 100. Ikke redistribution mandag den 4. april 2011
- 101. Kaldor-Hicks mandag den 4. april 2011
- 102. Marginal samfundsnytte ved øget regulering mandag den 4. april 2011
- 103. Ophavsret skal fremme innovation og vækst mandag den 4. april 2011
- 104. Ikke forhindre innovation mandag den 4. april 2011
- 105. Ikke beskytte særinter esser mandag den 4. april 2011
- 106. Ikke kriminalisere en hel generation mandag den 4. april 2011
- 107. Der findes ikke et 11. bud mandag den 4. april 2011
- 108. Menneskeret står over ophavsret mandag den 4. april 2011
- 109. Ophavsretten skal genfinde sin balance mandag den 4. april 2011
- 110. Lobbyisterne ejer lovgivningsprocessen mandag den 4. april 2011
- 111. Balancen må genfindes gennem markedet for indhold mandag den 4. april 2011
- 112. Fleksibitet Transperans Tilgængelighed mandag den 4. april 2011
- 113. Fair licenser! mandag den 4. april 2011
- 114. mandag den 4. april 2011
- 115. mandag den 4. april 2011
- 116. Licenses Attribution Non-commercial No Derivatives (by- nc-nd) Attribution Non-commercial Share Alike (by-nc- sa) Attribution Non-commercial (by-nc) Attribution No Derivatives (by-nd Attribution Share Alike (by-sa) Attribution (by) mandag den 4. april 2011
- 117. 117 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 118. 118 mandag den 4. april 2011
- 119. All licenses You always retain your copyright Applies worldwide Lasts for the duration of the work’s copyright Is not revocable mandag den 4. april 2011
- 120. All licenses allows To copy the work To distribute it To display or perform it publicly To make digital public performances of it (e.g., webcasting) To shift the work into another format as a verbatim copy mandag den 4. april 2011
- 121. All licenses requires To get your permission to do any of the things you choose to restrict To keep any copyright notice intact on all copies of your work To link to your license from copies of the work Not to alter the terms of the license Not to use technology to restrict other licensees’ lawful uses of the work as a verbatim copy mandag den 4. april 2011
- 122. Licenses are expressed Commons Deed. A plain-language summary of the license, complete with the relevant icons. Legal Code. The fine print that you need to be sure the license will stand up in court. Digital Code. A machine-readable translation of the license that helps search engines and other applications identify your work by its terms of use. mandag den 4. april 2011
- 123. mandag den 4. april 2011
- 124. Choose a license mandag den 4. april 2011
- 125. Search for CC materials mandag den 4. april 2011
- 126. CC international mandag den 4. april 2011
- 128. mandag den 4. april 2011
- 129. mandag den 4. april 2011
- 130. mandag den 4. april 2011
- 131. + COMPANY COMMERCIAL LICENSE mandag den 4. april 2011
- 132. What works? All digital content Music Audio Text Photos ...and “physical” ie. paperbased works too mandag den 4. april 2011
- 133. Biq questions What does “Commercial” mean? What about data and databases? What is a “derivative work”? mandag den 4. april 2011
- 134. Open learning and open educational resources Based on CC licenses Projects ODEPO Project. OE Community Site. Educator's Licensing Portal mandag den 4. april 2011
- 135. “re-useful” Opening and marking research and data for legal reuse — Scholar's Copyright Project “one-click” Facilitating the transfer of physical materials for verifying and extending research — Biological Materials Transfer Project “de-fragmentation” Integrating/connecting research, data, materials and services from disparate sources, for permission-free access — NeuroCommons and Health Commons mandag den 4. april 2011
- 136. I choose Edward O. Wilson Photo by Jim Harrison, Feb. 2003 Lead the next scientific revolution. Submit your best work to PLoS Biology. www.plos.org mandag den 4. april 2011
- 137. mandag den 4. april 2011
- 138. mandag den 4. april 2011
- 139. mandag den 4. april 2011
- 140. Collecting societies Exclusive rights Efficient enforcement KODA agreement NC licences are allowed No compensation mandag den 4. april 2011
- 141. mandag den 4. april 2011
- 142. mandag den 4. april 2011
- 143. Public domain Works not covered by copyright Moral rights International challenges CC0 - all rights waiver mandag den 4. april 2011
- 144. Helt konkret: Staten skal frigive indhold under CC! mandag den 4. april 2011
- 145. mandag den 4. april 2011
- 146. mandag den 4. april 2011
- 147. <a rel="license" href="http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/2.5/ dk/"><img alt="Creative Commons License" style="border-width:0" src="http:// i.creativecommons.org/l/by-nd/2.5/dk/88x31.png" /></a><br /><span xmlns:dc="http://purl.org/dc/elements/1.1/" property="dc:title">CC presentation at Forskernet</span> by <a xmlns:cc="http:/ / creativecommons.org/ns#" href="http:/ /openlife.dk" Also available at http://www.slideshare.net/vonhaller/ mandag den 4. april 2011
- 148. Thanks for the attention! mhg@bvhd.dk martin@groenbaek.net http://www.bvhd.dk http://openlife.dk mandag den 4. april 2011