Orbit OPHTHALMOLOGY REVISION NOTES
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This document discusses the anatomy and surgical procedures related to the orbit. It describes the bones that form the medial, lateral, roof and floor of the orbit. It also discusses the openings of the orbit like the superior and inferior orbital fissures. Common causes of proptosis in children and adults are listed. Surgical procedures like enucleation, evisceration and exenteration are described along with their indications. The document provides a comprehensive overview of the orbit anatomy and orbital surgeries.
Orbit OPHTHALMOLOGY REVISION NOTES
- 1. ORBIT TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 2. TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 3. ROOF MEDIAL WALL FLOOR LATERAL WALL • ORBITAL PLANE OF FRONTAL BONE • LESSER WING OF SPHENOID • BODY OF SPHENOID • LACRIMAL BONE • ETHMOID • FRONTAL PROCESS OF MAXILLA • MAXILLA • ZYGOMATIC • PERPENDICULAR PLATE OF PALATINE BONE • ZYGOMATIC BONE • GREATER WING OF SPHENOID TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 4. TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 5. GREATER WING LATERAL SURF LESSER WING FORMS ROOF OF ORBIT BODY FORMS MEDIAL WALL OF ORBITTONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 6. MEDIAL WALL IS THE THINNEST LATERAL WALL IS THICKEST TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 7. INFERIOR WALL OF ORBIT IS MOST COMMONLY INJURED IN TRAUMA TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 8. TEAR DROP SIGN TEAR DROP SIGN TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 9. BLOW OUT # OF FLOOR OF ORBIT • ENOPHTHALMOS • HERNIATION OF INFERIOR RECTUS MUSCLE RESTRICTION OF ELEVATION OF EYEBALL DIPLOPIA • INFRAORBITAL ANAESTEHSIA TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 10. TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 11. # OF MEDIAL WALL MEDIAL BLOW OUT • HERNIATION OF MEDIAL RECTUS MUSCLE TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 12. SUPERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE • LIES B/W LESSER & GREATER WING OF SPHENOID • B/W ROOF & LATERAL WALL TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 13. TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 14. DIVIDED IN TO 3 PARTS BY TENDINOUS RING ANNULUS OF ZINN TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 15. ABOVE OF ZINN • LACRIMAL NERVE • FRONTAL NERVE • TROCHLEAR NERVE • SUPERIOR OPHTHALMIC VEIN THROUGH ZINN • 2 DIVISION OF OCULOMOTOR NERVE • SUPERIOR • INFERIOR • ABDUCENS • NASOCILIARY NERVE BELOW ZINN • INFERIOR OPHTHALMIC VEIN TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 16. INFERIOR ORBITAL FISSURE • EMISSARY VEIN • ZYGOMATIC NERVE • INFRAORBITAL NERVE • INFRAORBITAL NERVE TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 17. TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 18. PROPTOSIS TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 19. IN CHILDREN • MOST COMMON CAUSE OF U/L PROPTOSIS IN CHILDREN ORBITAL CELLULITIS (ETHMOIDAL SINUSITIS) • MOST COMMON CAUSE OF B/L PROPTOSIS IN CHILDREN CHLOROMA TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 20. IN ADULT • MOST COMMON CAUSE OF U/L PROPTOSIS IN CHILDREN THYROID OPHTHALMOPATHY • MOST COMMON CAUSE OF B/L PROPTOSIS IN CHILDREN THYROID OPHTHALMOPATHY TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 21. PROPTOSIS AXIAL • ANY CAUSE WITH IN MUSCLE CONE NON AXIAL • ANY MASS OUTSIDE MUSCLE CONE TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 22. CAUSES OF AXIAL PROPTOSIS CAUSES OF NON AXIAL PROPTOSIS THYROID OPHTHALMOPATHY LACRIMAL GLAND TUMOUR ORBITAL CELLULITIS FRONTAL MUCOCELE CAVERNOUS HEMANGIOMA ETHMOIDAL MUCOCELE CAROTIDO CAVERNOUS FISTULA CARCINOMA MAXILLARY SINUS OPTIC NERVE GLIOMA CHLOROMA OPHTHALMIC ARTERY ANEURYSM TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 23. PULSATILE PROPTOSIS • CAROTIDO CAVERNOUS FISTULA • ENCEPHALOCELE • MYELOCELE TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 24. B/L PROPTOSIS • THYROID OPHTHALAMOPATHY • CAROTIDO CAVERNOUS FISTULA • CAVERNOUS SINUS THROMBOSIS • METASTATIC NEUROBLASTOMA • CHLOROMA TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 25. INTERMITTENT PROPTOSIS • ORBITAL VARIX TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 26. PSEUDOPROPTOSIS • Buphthalmos • High myopia • Upper lid retraction • Shallow orbit in cleidocranial dysostosis • Paralysis of EOM TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 27. ORBITAL APEX SYNDROME • TOLOSA HUNT SYNDROME • Granulation tissue arisng from orbital apex extending to cavernous sinus • Painful opthalmoplegia & proptosis • Rx • Responds to steroids TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 28. TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 29. SURGERIES OF ORBIT TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 30. ENUCLEATION • Removal of eyeball with stump of optic nerve leaving behind the extra ocular muscles • May be replaced by implant • PMMA implant • Hydroxyapatite implant TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 31. INDICATIONS FOR ENUCLEATION Absolute indication Relative indications RB Malignant melanoma • Blind painful eye • Intraocular tumor • Severe trauma with risk of sympathetic ophthalmitis • Phthisis bulbi • Microphthalmia • Cosmetic deformity TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 32. TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 33. EVISCERATION • It is the removal of the contents of the eyeball leaving behind the sclera. Indications • panophthalmitis, • expulsive choroidal haemorrhage and bleeding • anterior staphyloma TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 34. EVISCERATION CUERETTE TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC
- 35. EXENTERATION • Complete removal of eyeball, the retrobulbar orbital soft tissues, and most or all of the eyelids • Indication : • 1. Malignancies (Rhabdomyosarcoma) • 2. Mucormycosis • 3. Chronic orbital pain • 4. Orbital deformities TONY SCARIA 2010 KMC