Origin ofhumans3
- 1. The Origin of Humans
- 2. The First HumansTheories on prehistory and early man constantly change as new evidence comes to light. - Louis Leakey, British paleoanthropologist
- 3. Geologic TimeEarth – 4.5-6 Billion Years oldCarbon Dating – When things die they stop absorbing carbonUranium Dating – Can date things much older than carbon
- 4. Geologic Time1 Billion Years ago – First life65 million years ago – Dinos lived4 million years ago – First “human like” creatures – Lucy1,750,000 First Human – “Cavemen”6,000 years ago first civilization
- 6. Stages of EarlyHuman Development1. 4,000,000 BC – 1,000,000 BCPaleolithic Age:( Old Stone Age )2,500,000 BC to 8,000 BC2. 1,500,000 BC -- 250,000 BC3. 250,000 BC – 30,000 BC4. 30,000 BC -- 10,000 BC
- 7. STAGES OFDEVELOPMENT1. Australopithecus – “Lucy”4 Million years agoEarly Hominid – 4 ft tall2. Homo Habilis – Human with abilities1.5 million years ago3. Homo Erectus – Walks Upright4. Homo Sapien – Person who thinks
- 8. Stage 14,000,000 BC – 1,000,000 BCHominids --> any member of the family of two-legged primates that includes all humans.
- 10. An Apposable Thumb“Lucy” – Oldest found
- 11. Stage 2HOMO HABILIS( “Man of Skills” )
- 12. found in East Africa.
- 13. created stone tools.The Paleolithic Age“Paleolithic”--> “Old Stone” Age
- 14. 2,500,000 BC – 10,000 BC
- 15. Made tools
- 16. hunting (men) & gathering (women) --> small bands of 20-30 humans
- 17. NOMADIC (moving from place to place)The Paleolithic AgeHumans during this period found shelter in caves.
- 18. Cave paintings left behind. Purpose??
- 19. Stage 31,6000,000 BC – 30,000 BCHOMO ERECTUS ( “Upright Human Being” )
- 20. BIPEDALISM
- 21. Larger and more varied tools --> primitive technology
- 22. First hominid to migrate and leave Africa for Europe and Asia.
- 23. First to use fire ( 500,000 BC )Differing Human Migration TheoriesAre we all Africans “under the skin”????
- 24. Stage 4200,000 BC – 10,000 BCHOMO SAPIENS( “Wise Human Being” )Neanderthals( 200,000 BC – 30,000 BC )Cro-Magnons( 40,000 BC – 10,000 BC )“Ice Man”
- 25. Stage 4NEANDERTHALS:Neander Valley, Germany (1856)
- 26. First humans to bury their dead.
- 27. Made clothes from animal skins.
- 28. Lived in caves and tents.Stage 4NEANDERTHALSEarly Hut/Tent
- 29. Stage 4CRO-MAGNONs:Homo sapiens sapiens( “Wise, wise human” )
- 30. By 30,000 BCE they replaced Neanderthals.WHY???
- 31. Homo sapiens in Europe
- 32. The Last Ice Age70,000 BC – 10,000 BC
- 33. The Neolithic Age“Neolithic” --> “New Stone” Age
- 34. 10,000 BC – 4,000 BC
- 35. Gradual shift from:Nomadic lifestyle--> settled, stationery lifestyle.Hunting/Gathering --> agricultural production and domestication of animals.*Jewelry worn
- 36. The Agricultural Revolution8,000 BC – 5,000 BC
- 37. Agriculture developed independently in different parts of the world.
- 38. Shift from food gathering to food productionMiddle East India Central America China Southeast Asia8,000 BC 7,000 BC 6,500 BC 6,000 BC 5,000 BC
- 39. AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTIONDomestication – adaptation of plants and animals for use. (crops, pigs, cattle, goats)Used ashes, fish and manure for fertilizationPeople’s diets improved with domestication Will eventually be too much of a good thing.
- 41. The Agricultural Revolution??Development of Agriculture??
- 42. The Agricultural RevolutionWhy do you think the development of agriculture occurred around the same time in several different places?
- 43. The Agricultural RevolutionWhy do some archaeologists believe that women were the first farmers?
- 44. Early Settled CommunitiesGrowing crops on a regular basis made possible the support of larger populations.
- 45. More permanent, settled communities emerged.
- 46. 9,000 BCE --> Earliest Agricultural Settlement at JARMO( northern Iraq ) -->wheatEarly Settled Communities8,000 BC --> Largest Early Settlement atÇatal Hüyük( Modern Turkey ) --> 6,000 inhabitants
- 49. Engaged in trade
- 50. Organized religionAn obsidian daggerSmall militaryEarly Settled CommunitiesÇatal Hüyük
- 51. The Agricultural RevolutionWhat role did the food supply play in shaping the nomadic life of hunter-gatherers and the settled life of the farmers?
- 52. Why is the "Neolithic Revolution" a turning point in human history??
- 53. What is thenext step in the development ofhuman settlements??
- 55. What are thecharacteristicsof a civilization??