Overview of the Coastal Resources Management
- 1. Coastal Resurces Management PRESENTED BY: FOR. ELMER R CAUSING, MSci.ESM BSES PROGRAM SNSU MAIN,SURIGAO DEL NORTE
- 2. TOPICS I. Introduction II. Historical Context III. Current State of Coastal Resources IV. Major Issues and Challenges V. Legal and Institutional Framework VI. Strategies and Approaches VII. Case Studies and Best Practices VIII. Future Directions and Recommendations
- 3. I. Introduction A. Coastal Resources Management (CRM) involves the sustainable use and protection of coastal resources, including marine life, habitats, and human activities, to ensure long- term ecological health and economic benefits. B. Importance of CRM in the Philippines CRM is crucial in the Philippines due to its extensive coastline and rich marine biodiversity. Effective CRM helps protect livelihoods, supports food security, and mitigates environmental degradation.
- 4. C. Overview of the Philippine Coastal Environment The Philippines boasts diverse coastal ecosystems(which are vital for marine biodiversity and local communities. coral reefs, mangroves, seagrass beds,
- 5. II. Historical Context A. Early Coastal Management Practices Traditional practices included community-based management and indigenous knowledge systems that emphasized sustainable fishing and resource use. B. Evolution of CRM Policies and Programs CRM policies evolved from local practices to formal government programs, incorporating scientific research and international best practices. C. Key Milestones in CRM Development Significant milestones include the establishment of marine protected areas (MPAs) and the implementation of the Philippine Fisheries Code (RA 8550).
- 6. III. Current State of Coastal Resources A. Coastal Habitats and Ecosystems 1. Coral Reefs: Vital for marine biodiversity but threatened by overfishing and climate change. 2. Mangroves: Provide coastal protection and nursery habitats but face deforestation. 3. Seagrass Beds: Support marine life and stabilize sediments but are impacted by pollution
- 7. B. Marine Biodiversity- The Philippines is part of the Coral Triangle, home to a vast array of marine species, making it a global biodiversity hotspot. The Coral Triangle is a marine region located in the western Pacific Ocean, covering the waters of Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, Papua New Guinea, Timor Leste, and the Solomon Islands. It is recognized as the global center of marine biodiversity, often referred to as the "Amazon of the seas," due to its incredibly diverse ecosystem. The Coral Triangle is home to approximately 76% of the world's coral species and over 2,000 species of reef fish, as well as six of the world's seven species of marine turtles. This region plays a crucial role in supporting the livelihoods of millions of people, providing food, coastal protection, and tourism opportunities. However, the Coral Triangle is also under threat from overfishing, climate change, and pollution, making its conservation a global priority.
- 8. C. Socio-Economic Importance of Coastal Resources 1. Fisheries: Essential for food security and livelihoods. 2. Tourism: Coastal areas attract tourists, boosting local economies. 3. Livelihoods: Many communities depend on coastal resources for their daily needs.
- 9. IV. Major Issues and Challenges A. Overfishing and Illegal Fishing Practices Overfishing depletes fish stocks, while illegal practices like dynamite fishing destroy habitats. B. Habitat Destruction 1.Coral Reef Degradation: Caused by destructive fishing, pollution, and climate change. 2.Mangrove Deforestation: Due to coastal development and aquaculture expansion
- 10. IV. Major Issues and Challenges C. Pollution and Waste Management -Marine pollution from land-based sources and improper waste disposal threatens marine life and human health. D. Climate Change and Its Impacts -Rising sea levels, ocean acidification, and increased storm intensity affect coastal ecosystems and communities. E. Policy and Institutional Gaps -Inconsistent enforcement of laws and lack of coordination among agencies hinder effective CRM.
- 11. V. Legal and Institutional Framework A. National Laws and Policies 1. Philippine Fisheries Code (RA 8550): Regulates fishing activities and promotes sustainable practices. 2. National Integrated Protected Areas System (NIPAS) Act (RA 7586): Establishes protected areas for conservation. 3. Local Government Code (RA 7160): Empowers local governments to manage coastal resources
- 12. B. Key Government Agencies 4. Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR): Oversees environmental protection. 5. Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources (BFAR): Manages fisheries and aquatic resources. 6. Local Government Units (LGUs): Implement CRM at the local level.
- 13. C. Role of Non-Governmental Organizations (NGOs) and Community-Based Organizations (CBOs) NGOs and CBOs play a crucial role in advocacy, education, and community engagement in CRM initiatives.
- 14. VI. Strategies and Approaches A. Integrated Coastal Management (ICM) ICM promotes coordinated management of coastal resources across sectors and stakeholders. B. Community-Based Coastal Resource Management (CBCRM) CBCRM involves local communities in decision-making and management, ensuring sustainable use of resources. C. Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) MPAs protect critical habitats and biodiversity, supporting conservation and sustainable use. D. Sustainable Fisheries Management Implementing sustainable fishing practices ensures long-term viability of fish stocks. E. Climate Change Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies include habitat restoration, disaster risk reduction, and promoting resilience in coastal communities.
- 15. VII. Case Studies and Best Practices A. Successful CRM Projects 1. Apo Island Marine Reserve: A model of community-based management, protecting coral reefs and boosting local tourism. 2. Tubbataha Reefs Natural Park: A UNESCO World Heritage site known for its effective
- 16. VII. Case Studies and Best Practices B. Lessons Learned from CRM Initiatives Successful projects highlight the importance of community involvement, strong legal frameworks, and continuous monitoring.
- 17. VIII. Future Directions and Recommendations A. Enhancing Policy and Institutional Support: Strengthening policies and institutions ensures effective CRM implementation. B. Strengthening Community Participation: Empowering communities fosters ownership and sustainable management of coastal resources. C. Promoting Sustainable Livelihoods: Developing alternative livelihoods reduces pressure on coastal resources. D. Improving Monitoring and Evaluation :Regular monitoring and evaluation help track progress and adapt strategies as needed. E. Addressing Emerging Challenges: Proactive measures are needed to tackle new threats like climate change and pollution.
- 18. ….Thank you….