Oxytocin and heart rate variability
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This document summarizes research on oxytocin and its effects on heart rate variability and social behavior. It discusses how oxytocin increases gaze to eye regions and is involved in emotion recognition. Oxytocin has also been shown to increase heart rate variability, which is reduced in conditions like depression and alcohol dependence. The document proposes a placebo-controlled study using oxytocin treatment over 4 weeks for alcohol dependence, measuring outcomes like alcohol intake, social cognition, and psychophysiology. It suggests oxytocin may help disorders with poor social functioning by influencing the autonomic nervous system.
Oxytocin and heart rate variability
- 1. Oxytocin and heart rate variability: A role in social behavior and psychiatric illness Daniel S. Quintana, PhD Candidate SCAN research & teaching unit, School of Psychology Brain & Mind Research Institute
- 2. Oxytocin has traditionally been associated with uterine contraction and the milk let- down reflex. Dale (1906); Ott & Scott (1910)
- 3. Background OT studies on social cognition 4x increase 1992-2002 2002-2012
- 4. Oxytocin increases gaze to the eye region. Guastella et al., (2008) Biological Psychiatry, 63(1).
- 5. Oxytocin is a cardiovascular hormone. Gutkowska & Janowski (2012) Journal of Neuroendocrinology, 24(4).
- 6. Background Gutkowska et al., (2007) Am J Physiol, 24(4).
- 7. The regulation of the autonomic nervous system plays a crucial role in social behavior. Porges (1998)
- 8. The autonomic nervous system The vagus nerve is part of a system that communicates between the brain and body
- 9. The autonomic nervous system Sinoatrial node
- 10. Autonomic nervous system activity can be indexed by heart rate variability (HRV). Berntson et al. (1997)
- 11. The autonomic nervous system HRV is the temporal variation of beats
- 12. Why is high variability ‘good’?
- 13. The autonomic nervous system A kr. 2500 NOK Polar heart rate monitor is as good as a kr. 90,000 NOK ECG system to measure HRV. Quintana et al. (2012)
- 14. HRV is The autonomic nervous system reduced in depression Kemp, Quintana et al., (2010) Biological Psychiatry, 34 (6); Kemp, Quintana et al., (2012) PLoS One
- 15. Is HRV reduced in MDD? *P > 0.01 Kemp, Quintana et al., (2012) PLoS One
- 16. Is HRV reduced in MDD with comorbid anxiety? *P > 0.01 Kemp, Quintana et al., (2012) PLoS One
- 17. HRV is reduced in alcohol dependence Quintana, Guastella, Kemp et al., (in press) Alcoholism: Experimental & Clinical research
- 18. The autonomic nervous system regulates the projection and the perception of emotion.
- 19. Polyvagal theory and social behavior Facial muscles Laryngeal & Porges (2007) Biological Pharyngeal Psychology, 74. muscles
- 20. What is this man thinking or feeling?
- 21. HRV is related to emotion recognition.
- 22. Oxytocin increases HRV and protects against social isolation.
- 23. Oxytocin and HRV in animals Grippo et al., (2009). Psychoneuroendochronology 34 (10)
- 24. Oxytocin nasal spray increases HRV in humans. Kemp, Quintana, Guastella et al., (2012) PLoS One
- 25. Almost 10% of Background global disease burden has been attributed to alcohol. Rehm et al., (2009) Lancet, 373 3
- 26. Background Almost 60% of patients relapse a Almost 60% of patients relapse year after a year after commencing commencing treatment for treatment. alcohol dependence Ilgen et al., (2008) Drug and Alcohol dependence, 92 3
- 27. Background Alcohol is highly accessible for outpatients
- 28. HRV is an index of inhibitory processes and is also related to cognitive flexibility. Thayer & Lane (2000)
- 29. We hypothesized Background that HRV wouldAlmost 60% of predict craving patients relapse a year after severity. commencing treatment for alcohol dependence 3
- 30. Relationship between HRV and OCDS
- 31. We have almost completed oxytocin treatment trials on autism, first episode psychosis, and schizophrenia.
- 32. Oxytocin treatment Background trial for alcohol Almost 60% of dependence. patients relapse a year after commencing treatment for alcohol dependence 3
- 33. Discussion • Oxytocin may ‘break the loop’ of repetitive behaviors related to drug taking (McGregor & Bowen, 2012) • Placebo controlled, between-subjects design (n = 30). • Participants received oxytocin or placebo for 4 weeks. • Pre and post measures include alcohol intake, social cognition and psychophysiology. • 4 week follow-up after treatment completion.
- 34. Oxytocin shows promise in the treatment of disorders characterized by poor social functioning due to its influence on autonomic function.
- 35. Acknowledgements Dr. Andrew Kemp A/Prof. Adam Guastella Prof. Iain McGregor SCAN research and teaching unit BMRI School of Psychology School of Psychology University of Sydney University of Sydney University of Sydney Prof. Gin Malhi Prof. Ian Hickie Dr. Maree Abbott Gail Alvares James Heathers Cristina Caccioti-Saija Tim Outhred Ruth Wells John Chalmers CJ Yatawara 17
- 36. Questions? For more info on research or any questions: Email - daniel.quintana@sydney.edu.au Web – http://dsquintana.com Twitter - @dsquintana