Programme pointers of NRLM
- 1. Rajib Mohanty Jharkhand State Livelihoods promotion Society(JSLPS-SRLM) 2nd Dec 2013
- 2. Dreams to Reality Recall the face of the poorest and the weakest man(woman) whom you may have seen, and ask yourself, if the step you contemplate is going to be of any use to him(her). Will he (she) gain anything by it? Will it restore him (her) to a control over his (her) own life and destiny? In other words, will it lead to SWARAJ (freedom) for the hungry and spiritually starving millions?
- 3. National Rural Livelihoods Mission : AAJEEVIKA Understanding the Origin Government approach to Poverty Reduction in 1980s …… IRDP Targeting directly to poor Assets creation and self employment Reforms in 1999 …… and experience Swarnjayanti Gram Swarojgar Yozana Self employment through organising poor into SHGs Poor’s institutions (SHG) has become pre requisite for poverty reduction
- 4. NRLM Conceptualization Systematic Review of SGSY and shortcomings Insufficient CB of beneficiaries Insufficient investment in building community institutions Weak linkages with banks …low credit mobilisation and low repeat financing Learning of programme Absence of aggregate Institution of Poor precluded the poor to access higher order support services for Productivity enhancement Market linkages Risk management Studies showed that SGSY relatively succeeded where systematic mobilization of poor happened (SHGs) CB and Skill Development took place in a process intensive manner Evolution of World Bank’s Livelihoods Projects SERP Andhra Pradesh Experience of Tamilnadu KUDUMBASHREE of Kerala JEEViKA in Bihar Programme Experience Building Poor’s Institutions Social and Economic Empowerment of poor enable them to build linkages with state, Banks and market Building own capital to leverage resources and meet perpetual small but important needs
- 5. Transformation Pre-NRLM NRLM Allocation of resources, disbursement of funds and monitoring Provision of high-quality technical assistance to states and partners in the areas of programme design, HRD, MIS and community institutions building Financing restricted to resources allocated by GOI thinly distributed under SGSY Emphasis on a leveraging model through financing of poor by commercial banks, allowing for both additional finance and deepening of Mission interventions Implemented as a scheme through the state system – DRDAs/district panchayats Promoter of innovations and incubator of social and private sectors working for rural development Entitlement-based fund allocation Program-based financing subject to overall ceiling Input and activity monitoring Evidence based participatory monitoring and policy impact analysis
- 6. Programmatic Difference of SGSY and NRLM Key Feature SGSY NRLM Fund allocation District wise allocation based on BPL list/rural poverty estimate Overall state allocation based on estimated poverty population(PIP)- sub state poverty level based on State Perspective Plan Fund flow To the districts To the state Delivery mechanism and programme management Through DRDAs Through state Mission structure-a special purpose organization established for NRLM Programme priority Capital subsidy Mobilization of poor into groups Capital subsidy flow Through banks as subsidy for economic activities Direct to groups as demand based seed capital Role of banks As disbursers of capital subsidy As providers of credit
- 7. Objective of NRLM Mobilizing all Rural poor households into functionally effective SHGs and their federations; Enhancing their access to bank credit and other financial, technical and marketing services; Building their capacities and skills for gainful and sustainable livelihoods development; and Converging various schemes for efficient delivery of social and economic support services to poor with optimal results.
- 8. Financial & Capital Services Human and Social Capital (Leaders, CRPs, Community Para- Professionals) Dedicated Support Institutions (Professionals, Learning Platform M & E Systems) Institutional Platforms of Poor (Aggregating and Federating Poor, Women, Small & Marginal Farmers, S.Cs and S.Ts) INNOVATIONS Livelihood Services Building Enabling Environment Partnerships and Convergence
- 9. NRLM: Components Social Inclusion Participatory identification of poor Universal social mobilization (saturation) Building institutions of the poor Affinity groups of women in SHGs Primary federations of SHGs at village/Panchayat Specialized livelihood institutions (Producer Companies or Producer Collectives) Social capital (leaders, para-professionals, CRPs, etc.)
- 10. NRLM: Components Financial Inclusion Building an inclusive financial sector Making poor preferred clients for banking system Monetize livelihood economy of the poor Reduction in high cost indebtedness for the poor Financial education for planned investments Leveraging investments from mainstream banks Pro-active and systematic initiatives working on both ‘supply’ and ‘demand’ side of financial inclusion agenda
- 11. NRLM: Components Economic Inclusion & Livelihoods Promotion Vulnerability and risk reduction Income security and social security schemes Food and health financing Social insurance Livelihood enhancement – especially the pro poor sectors Value chain development in agriculture and livestock sectors Community Managed Sustainable Agriculture Infrastructure and marketing support Public-Private-Community Partnerships Self employment and micro enterprise development Placement linked skilled development Special Projects and innovations
- 12. Livelihood Ladder Livelihood Security Livelihood Protection Livelihood Promotion Objective Increasing accessibility and affordability of basic services Reducing vulnerability And enhancing reliability of coping mechanisms Increasing incomes, assets and well being Livelihood Strategies Safety nets Food security Health security Literacy and life skills Shelter Access to entitlements Debt restructuring Insurance and pensions Skills transferability Managing climate risks Market access Support services Productivity Cost efficiency Technology and skills
- 13. Implementation Strategy Intensive Strategy: To be implemented in phased manner through the dedicated and sensitive structure by JSLPS/SRLM. Non-Intensive strategy: To be implemented through DRDA with the support of State Resource Cell(SRC) .
- 14. Activity cycle in an Intensive Block Validation and Strengthening of Existing SHGs CRP Strategy for Social Mobilization & Identification of the Poor Financial Inclusion (Financial Literacy, preparation of MCP) Community Investment Fund SHG-Bank Linkage Vulnerability Reduction Food Security, Health Security, Social Safety Nets, etc. Livelihood Interventions Agriculture, Livestock, Enterprises, Jobs Access to Public Services and Entitlements
- 15. Thrust Area For Non Intensive Blocks Strengthening of DRDA. Selection and capacity building of Community resource person(CRP)- creating “Social Capital”. Capacity building and linkages of deserving SHGs.
- 16. Jharkhand: Scenario Jharkhand is among India’s poorer, less developed States Only 50% women are literate; literacy lower in poorer groups Rural livelihoods are un-remunerative and risky Livelihood issues linked to malnutrition, ill-health, indebtedness There is a range of actors, schemes- but mixed results Social protection, skill building initiatives need strengthening Social mobilization, financial inclusion status is concerning 79% rural poor households yet to be mobilized in SHGs 52% of rural households are unbanked, financially excluded NREGS: Average person-days of employment per household:-42; % of households who availed 100 days of employment: 7%; PDS: 20% poor have no card; 42% BPL/ AAY cards with non-poor; Less than 20% poor benefit from Annapurna/ FFW/ ICDS/ MDM; NSAP: Less than 2% beneficiaries disbursed
- 17. Jharkhand: Scenario Special Challenges unique to the State 17 districts are LWE-affected Constraints Of infrastructure (irrigation, breeding, storage, processing, transport, training, vet care, etc.) Of services (extension, vet care, credit, insurance, marketing, training, etc.) Jharkhand: An avg. GP has 27 habitations; an avg. habitation has 38 households. India: An avg.GP has 7 habitations; an avg. habitation has 100 households. No Jharkhand district has avg. number of habitations per GP or avg. habitation population close to national avg.
- 18. Striving for alternative initiative- Core Principles 18 Skills Knowledge Creative, Committed, Community at the driving seat Attitude Values
- 19. Thank You