Perception in Nanocognition
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The document discusses the intersection of machine ethics and cognitive nanotechnology, exploring concepts of perception and memory as well as the ethical considerations surrounding cognitive nanorobots. It outlines various models of ethics such as traditional and the emerging ethics of immanence, while emphasizing issues like neural data privacy rights in the context of these technologies. Additionally, the document highlights potential applications and implications of cognitive nanorobotics in enhancing human cognition and ethical decision-making.
Perception in Nanocognition
- 1. Machine Ethics: An Ethics of Perception in Nanocognition 2nd Annual Conference on Governance of Emerging Technologies – May 27, 2013 Slides: http://slideshare.net/LaBlogga Melanie Swan Contemporary Philosophy m@melanieswan.com
- 2. 2 • Philosophy of Emerging Biotechnology • Singularity University Instructor, IEET Affiliate Scholar, EDGE contributor • Work experience: Fidelity, JP Morgan, Arthur Andersen, iPass, RHK/Ovum • Education: MA Candidate, Kingston University London, MBA Finance, Wharton; BA French/Economics, Georgetown University • Sample publications: MelanieSwan.com – Kido T, Kawashima M, Nishino S, Swan M, Kamatani N, Butte AJ. Systematic Evaluation of Personal Genome Services for Japanese Individuals. Nature: Journal of Human Genetics 2013, 58, 734-741. – Swan, M. The Quantified Self: Fundamental Disruption in Big Data Science and Biological Discovery. Big Data June 2013, 1(2): 85-99. – Swan, M. Sensor Mania! The Internet of Things, Wearable Computing, Objective Metrics, and the Quantified Self 2.0. J Sens Actuator Netw 2012, 1(3), 217-253. – Swan, M. Multigenic Condition Risk Assessment in Direct-to-Consumer Genomic Services. Genet Med 2010, May;12(5):279-88. – Swan, M. Engineering Life into Technology: the Application of Complexity Theory to a Potential Phase Transition of Intelligence. Symmetry 2010, 2, 150:183. Source: http://melanieswan.com/publications.htm Melanie Swan
- 3. 3 • What are Cognitive Nanorobots? • Cognition: Perception and Memory – Henri Bergson • Models of Ethics – 1.0 Traditional – 2.0 Immanence • An Ethics of Perception – Machine Ethics Interfaces – Killer Apps of Cognitive Nanorobots • Neural Data Privacy Rights • Conclusion Agenda
- 4. What are Nanorobots? Respirocytes Microbivore Artery cleaners ChromallocytesClottocytes 4 Current Status Future Possibilities Nanoparticle Drug Delivery Nanosponge waste soak-up Optogenetics (controlling the brain with light) Quantum Dot Dyes Externally-read neural dust brain sensors Future possibilities: Freitas, R Jr. Nanomedicine, Volume IIA: Biocompatibility. 15.3.6.5 Biocompatibility with Neural Cells. http://www.nanomedicine.com/NMIIA/15.3.6.5.htm
- 5. What are Cognitive Nanorobots? 5 Images: corporeality.net, fineartamerica.com • Analog to Medical Nanorobots • Applications – Drug delivery, diagnostics – Clean-up, waste removal – Augmentation of perception, reasoning, memory • Biocompatibility of medical nanorobots with neural cells – Mechanical – Physiological – Immunological – Cytological – Biochemical Defuscin diamondoid nanodevices removing neuronal lipofuscin1 1Boehm F, Nanomedical Device and Systems Design: Challenges, Possibilities, Visions, 2013.
- 6. Cognitive Nanorobotics Cognitive Enhancement Wearable Computing 6 Cognitive Nanorobotics Brain-computer Interfaces Nanorobotics An integration of disciplines Neuroscience
- 7. Cognition: Perception and Memory 7 • No one accepted theory of perception1 – Prevailing: sense-datum, adverbial, intentionalist, disjunctivist • Henri Bergson (1859-1941) – Mathematician, quantum mechanics predictor • Doubling (quantitative-qualitative) – Lived experience of time, intensity, state, memory, self, consciousness • Time: clock time (quantitative), inner experience (qualitative, duration) • Free will over determinism – Tune in to duration, spontaneity 1Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, http://plato.stanford.edu/entries/perception-problem
- 8. Perception and Memory 8 • Images exist outside the body as part of objects, not as part of brain structure (per Kant) • The body does not create or store images but selects them to materialize per stimulus • No mind-body dualism – Perception and memory are an interactive process of the body and mind • Memory cone (dynamical operation of memory) – S: current moment of stimulus/perception – AB: pure memory – S-AB: perception S triggers accessing of pure memory AB to materialize an image that moves down the cone for action in the present • How memory is accessed not where it is stored • Exercise: memory retrieval Source: Bergson, Matter and Memory. Bergson Memory Cone
- 9. 9 • Act-based (right act with right motive) – Categorical Imperative (always right/wrong) (Kant) – Utilitarianism (outcome maximization) and Consequentialism (end justifies means) (Bentham, Mill) • Agent-based – Virtue ethics: role of character (Aristotle, Aquinas) – Dispositionism: individual traits predict behavior • Situation, context, and ecosystem-based (1968) – Situationism: social context produces behavior – Ethics of Care (Gilligan): morality arises from interaction Models of Ethics
- 10. Ethics 2.0: Unbounded upside, Bergsonian doubling, affirmatory An Ethics of Immanence 10 Baseline Ethics 1.0 Best scenario: regain baseline of pre-specified ideal, undoubled, negative An Ethics of Impossibility Rethinking Ethics Immanence: in philosophy, where everything comes from within a system, world, person, as opposed to transcendence where there are externally-determined specifications
- 11. 11 • Bergson (Free Will and Time; Matter and Memory) – Direct contact with the real, true duration • Heidegger (Being and Time; Building, Dwelling, Thinking) – A conscious authentic life – Dwelling meaningfully as human implacement, being ‘in’ place, as an extension of identity • Foucault (Discipline and Punish, Power-Knowledge) – Power: omnipresent micropower relations, biopower and self-disciplinary power • Deleuze (Anti-Oedipus, A Thousand Plateaus) – Non-fascist life, desiring-production – Thinking and life, plane of immanence Ethics 2.0: An Ethics of Immanence
- 12. 12 Machine Ethics Interfaces: Connecting Perception to Ethics • Already exist by default • Ethics and Perception become a feature choice with selectable parameters • ‘Objective’ reality as an input? – Ethics of Reality – Non-reality is more ethical? • UX issues with mediating perception – Fourth-person perspective UX = user experience
- 13. 13 • Bias reduction – Overconfidence, loss aversion • Memory management – Accessing and blocking • Value system, desires elicitation and optimization • Perceptual enhancement – Subjective experience enhancement – Multiple realities • Individual and group POV HUDs Killer Apps of Cognitive Nanorobots POV HUDs = point of view heads-up displays
- 14. Neural Data Privacy Rights • Neural data streams – Cerebral activity (EEG, fMRI, PPG, TMS) – Eye-tracking, affect, mental state – Wearables, sensors, IoT, biometric, social media • Practical impossibility of privacy – Ownership and access – Transmission, sharing, permissioning – Neurogaming, neuroexpression, neurodiversity, neurocommunications • Precedent (personal data) – Genomic, medical, census, financial 14 ‘Privacy’
- 15. 15 • Progression of ethics paradigms – Ethics of the future: immanence • Overt consideration of machine ethics interfaces • Neural data privacy rights Conclusion - Cognitive Nanorobots Our attunement to technology as an enabling background helps us see the possibilities for the true meaningfulness of our being - Heidegger Source: Heidegger, M. The Question Concerning Technology, 1954.
- 16. 2nd Annual Conference on Governance of Emerging Technologies – May 27, 2013 Slides: http://slideshare.net/LaBlogga Melanie Swan Contemporary Philosophy m@melanieswan.com Thank you! Machine Ethics: An Ethics of Perception in Nanocognition