PetaJakarta.org Student Presentation
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The document presents a student presentation on the issues faced by Jakarta due to flooding and climate change, detailing a joint pilot study focused on flood management and community response initiatives. It highlights the city's rapid urbanization, the impact on disaster management, and the need for innovative approaches and collaboration among organizations like BPBD, Oxfam, and the Ciliwung Institute. Key issues identified include health, sanitation, and adequate resources in evacuation shelters, emphasizing the importance of planning and communication in disaster response efforts.
PetaJakarta.org Student Presentation
- 1. Welcome to PetaJakarta.org Student Presentation
- 3. Welcome Ms Tania Brown, Chief Operating Officer, SMART Infrastructure Facility, University of Wollongong
- 4. Introduction Dr Tomas Holderness, Geometrics Research Fellow, SMART Infrastructure Facility, University of Wollongong
- 5. Photo credit: Etienne Turpin
- 6. Joint Pilot Study 2014/2015 60 days: 1,000 confirmed reports 69,000 users 100,000 #flood tweets 2.2m Twitter impressions
- 21. • Group B funded by DFAT’s New Colombo Plan • UOW matched funds for group A • Group A: • Flood Preparation, Geo-tagging & Shelter analysis • Group B: • Flood Management, response & impacts
- 23. Climate Change • Low-lying coastal systems are especially sensitive to: - Ocean acidity - Sea level rise - Elevated ocean temperature (Photos by Chelsea Flood)
- 24. Climate Change • Low-lying coastal systems are especially sensitive to: - Ocean acidity - Sea level rise - Elevated ocean temperature (Photos by Chelsea Flood)
- 25. Climate Change • Projected sea level increase of 0.35 to 0.70 m by the year 2100 (Nurse et al 2014) • “Virtually certain” that rates of global mean sea level rise are accelerating (IPCC 2014, eds. Field et al) Global averaged and Pacific/Indian Ocean averaged sea levels over the period 1993 to 2001. T/P represents Topex/Poseidon data. Mathematical reconstruction (‘reconstructed’) of the data also shown (Church et al, 2006, p. 160)
- 31. Organisations BPBD – Disaster mitigation agency who’s focus is on fair and equal relief efforts through: • Risk reduction • Emergency response • Disaster management Oxfam and Aksara – Key resources for the populations largely affected during the floods including: • Water • Food • Hygiene
- 32. – Education on the issues of river health and the related overall health of the population – A focus for the Ciliwung Institute is garbage disposal Ciliwung Institute Organisations
- 33. Adversities that this garbage brings; • Public health issues • Constriction of the flow path • Reduced efficiencies and extra maintenance of water infrastructure
- 34. – Improving methods for garbage disposal – Education on step filtration for wastewater treatment – Awareness of using biogas as an energy source Initiatives
- 56. Katulampa Gate
- 57. Urbanisation • Jakarta has the highest level of Urbanisation in the world • The Population of Jakarta has doubled over the last 10 years • Urban pull from Java to Jakarta will continue due to modern economics • Urban Sprawl has led to extreme changes in the watershed • Increased impermeable surfaces increase the frequency and magnitude
- 58. Infographic emphasising how urbanisation increases the intensity and speed of banjir, a growing problem for Jakarta.
- 59. Construction of Apartments for evicted residents of the Penjaringan Region. Large areas of previously permeable land will increase the risk of flash flooding to nearby residents. 24/01/2015.
- 60. • High rubbish, sediment and nutrient levels in flood waters have drastically reduced local marine water quality • Fishing Industry backbone of Northern Jakarta economy, specifically poorer communities • Bay near Penjaringan pumping station unfishable • All of Jakarta’s problems concentrated onto one community • Government action is addressing this problem Fisheries
- 61. 3 pipes at the Penjaringan Pumping station that discharge the majority of the greater Jakarta watershed's into the ocean. Matt Ellis 24/01/2015.
- 62. Dredging Operations at the Penjaringan reservoir is one way government is currently addressing water quality. Matt Ellis 24/01/2015.
- 63. • Jakarta is a megacity. Population will increase. Planning foresight will solve many future problems. • Solving the Banjir problems will have flow on effects to all of Jakarta. • Sustainable design must be the ultimate goal of Jakarta to ensure a bright future. Future Implications
- 64. • BPBD collaborate with a range of groups using spatial models • Applications include: – Representing affected areas, contingency planning and flood risk analysis • BPBD use models to regularly update the public on current conditions – Areas currently experiencing flooding – Water depth in these areas through simple colour coding Flood Assessment Example of BPBD output map (Twitter)
- 65. Contingency Planning Example of evacuation centre (Vanessa Davis) • Flood data overlays population and infrastructure data - Allows estimation of infrastructure damage and economic costs • Population data allows quantification of emergency resources needed - Particularly useful for BPBD to prepare for future events
- 66. • The model includes comprehensive data from - Lidar DEM at 1m resolution - Weather data from radar - River discharge and water levels collected by BPBD - Hydrological and hydrodynamic modelling - Tide gauges Flood Risk Model (Insurance Industry) Example DEM (iRisiko presentation) • Potential for future use in prediction, however; - Data must be up to date: highly dynamic, rapidly expanding city - Unmeasured variables such as garbage can change waterway dynamics
- 67. • Perspective on practical skills learned in my degree • Seeing both the human and theoretical side to the issues • BPBD showed that complex issues can be tackled with innovative approaches and collaboration Experience and Insight Gained
- 69. Types of Shelters • Shelters vary both in size and building type • There are several types of shelters – Schools – Apartment Blocks – Mosques and Churches – Car parks – Community Centres Photo courtesy of Tim Norris Shelter Types
- 70. At the Shelters • Different areas can and will have different needs dependent on their location. • This information needs to be given to the people who distribute the supplies and the appropriate amount of required items can be transported to the shelters in need. Photographs courtesy of Vanessa Davis
- 71. Assessing the Needs • Various NGO’s such as Oxfam and Aksara work closely to assess what types of aid is needed in what areas. • From an Engineering perspective, this assessment of a need the first step of the creation of a solution to an issue. Photograph courtesy of Vanessa Davis
- 72. Key Issues • After visiting an evacuation shelter in the Cawung district it was evident that the main issues associated with the use of evacuation shelters are: - Health - Sanitation - Warmth - Food Photograph courtesy of Vanessa Davis
- 73. Key Issues • Health – Provide adequate medical support either on site or within close proximity • Sanitation – Ensure that there is a reasonable people-to-toilet ratio Photograph courtesy of Vanessa Davis
- 74. Key Issues • Warmth – Provision of blankets/beds • Food – Have a kitchen capable of cooking basic foods in large quantities Photograph courtesy of Vanessa Davis
- 75. Shelters • Need to be able to communicate the type aid required and the amount of that aid. It is good at the moment, but there is room for improvement. • Need to ensure that everyone who needs to come to the shelter can stay and is able to access to adequate medical facilities Photograph courtesy of Vanessa Davis
- 76. Shelters • Need to seriously consider the significance of proper toilet facilities and quality meals on the morale of people in the evacuation centres. • More forethought needs to go into the layout of the city in terms of location of evacuation centres. As the city expands this needs to be of major significance. – Appropriate locations may change over time.
- 80. Q & A SMART Infrastructure Facility
- 81. Close Ms Tania Brown, Chief Operating Officer, SMART Infrastructure Facility, University of Wollongong SMART Infrastructure Facility