15. 5- write down the classification of benzodiapenes acc to durtion of action?
18. 5- which class of opioid does buprenorphine drugs belongs to?
19. 5- name the opioids with antitusive property?
6- name 2 symptoms which does not develop
Tolerence with prolong use of morphine?
21. 5- classify local anesthetic agents?
6- which general anesthesia is safe to use in cardiovascular
Dysfunction patient?
7- mechanism of action of local anesthesia?
25. Spot 1
Q.1 State the condition in which shown above is used?
Parkinson's disease
Q.2 Why levodopa is combined with carbidopa?
without carbidopa, much of the drug is decarboxylated to dopamine in periphery, resulting in
nausea, vomiting, cardiac arrhythmias etc and with carbidopa, dosage of levodopa is reduced
and peripheral metabolism is decreased.
Q.3 Name the drug used in the treatment of Alzheimer’s disease and demensia associated
with parkinsons disease?
Rivastigmine
Q.4 Write down the Dopamine receptor agonist that can be given transdermally?
Rotigotine
Q.5 Write down the adverse effects associated with the use of levodopa?
Tachycardia, hypotension, visual and auditory hallucinations, dyskinesias, Mood changes,
depression, psychosis.
26. Spot 2
Q.1 Patients with sleep disorder can be treated with which drug?
Temazepam
Q.2 Name the barbiturate which have longer duration of action.
Phenobarbital
Q.3 Which drug would be best for acute management of anxiety?
Clonazepam, lorazepam, diazepam
Q.4 Write down the name of drug that rapidly reverse the effect of benzodizepines?
Flumezanil
Q.5 write down the mechanism of action of anxiolytic and hypnotic.
The target for anxiolytic + hyonotic drugs is GABAa receptors. Binding of GABA receptor causes
the chloride ion channels to open, leading to hyperpolarization of the cell. Binding of GABA is
enhanced by benzodiazepines, resulting in greater entry of Cl ions. Entry of Cl hyperpolarizes
the cell, making it difficult to hyperpolarize therfore reduces neural excitability.
27. Spot 3
Q.1 Identify the class of the drug shown in the above picture?
Antimycobacterial drug (TB)
Q.2 Write down the 1st
line drugs for the treatment of TB.
Ethambutal + Isoniazid + Pyrazinamide + Rifabutin + Rifampin + Rifapentine
Q.3 If patient fails to respond tp 1st
line drug treatment write down the alternative choice of
drugs.
Aminoglycosides ( streptomycin, kanamycin, amikacin) or capreomysin
Flouroquinolones ( levofloxacin moxifloxacin ciprofloxacin)
Q.4 Peripheral neuropathy is the adverse effect of which of the anti tuberculosis drug.
Isoniazid
Q.5 HIV +ve patient is being trrated for TB, stsrted complaining of uveitis, skin hyper
pigmentation, Blood serology, showed neutropenia.
Which drug is most likely the cause of this condition?
Rifabutin
28. Spot 4
Q.1 Define receptors.
Any biological molecule to which a drug binds and produces a measurable response.
Q.2 Write down example of each receptor shown above.
1. Ligand gated ion channels -> example: cholinergic nicotinic receptors.
2. G protein coupled receptors -> example: alpha and beta adreno receptors.
3. Enzyme linked receptors -> example: Insulin receptors.
4. Intracellular receptors -> example: steroid receptors.
Q.3 Write down the types of G protein coupled receptors.
Gs, Gi, Gq
Q.4 What is the duration of response of enzyme linked receptor?
Mins to hours.
Q.5 Write down the MOA of Gs protein.
Ans! Gs stimulates adenylcyclase which causes conversion of ATP to camp ( 2nd
messenger)
which activates protein kinase A and it then promote phosphorylation of protein.
29. Spot 5
Q.1 MoA of phenytoin?
It blocks voltage gated Na+ channels and slows the rate of recovery.
Q.2 Effect of phenytoin on gingival tissues?
Gingival hyperplasia
Q.3 Why phenytoin is not given by IV route?
It precipitates out at the injection site and is absorbed slowly and erratically.
It causes tissue damage and necrosis.
Q.4 Adverse effects of anti epileptic drug?
Cognitive impairment, skin rashes, weight gain, blurred vision, nausea, headache.
Q.5 Name other conditions in which phenytoin can be used?
1. Focal and generalized tonic clonic seizures
2. Status epilepticus.
30. Spot 6
Q.1 Define General anesthetics and give its classification?
General anesthesia is a reversible state of CNS depression causing loss of response to and perception of stimuli.
General anesthetics inhaled :
1. Desflurane
2. Halothane
3. Sevoflurane
4. Nitrous oxide
Q.2 Why epinephrine is added to local anesthetics?
It increases the duration of local anesthetics by producing vasoconstriction at the site of injection.
Q.3 Antidote for malignant hyperthermia?
Dantrolene
Q.4 Local anesthetics with rapid onset of action?
5. Lidocaine
6. Procaine
7. Chloroprocaine
Q.5 Name the drugs used to facilitate tacheal intubatuon?
Cisatracurium , Pancuronium , Rocurinium, Succinlycholine
Genral anesthetics intravenous:
1. Barbiturates
2. Benzodiazepines
3. Ketamine
4. Propofol
31. Spot 7
Q.1 Name the class of the given drug and give its 2 examples?
PPIs -> example: esomeprazole, lansoperazole.
Q.2 Write down the triple therapy?
PPI + amoxicillin + clarithomycin (metronidazole instead of
amoxicillin)
Q.3 Adverse effects of the given drug?
Bone fracture, GI disturbance, Headache, Low vit B12.
Q.4 Which mucosal protective agent causes discoloration of
tongue and black stool?
Bismuth subsalicyate
Q.5 Name the drug that binds with ulcer bed but not with
tissue and forms a gel to provide the ulcer to heal?
Sucralfate
32. Spot 8
Q.1 H1 receptors blockers used for anti motion sickness?
Diphenhydramine
Q.2 Clinical uses of H2 receptor blocker?
Inhibits gastric acid secretion in the treatment of ulcers and
heartburn.
Q.3 Name the non sedating 2nd
generation H1 blocker?
Desloratadine, fexofenadine, loratadine
Q.4 What are adverse effects associated with use of H1
blocker?
Sedation, fatigue, drowsiness, tremors, dryness in nasal
passage, blurred vision, dry mouth.
Q.5 which H1 blocker is not suitable with Alzheimer’s disease?
Diphenhydramine
33. Spot 9
Q.1 Name the drug that leads the child to this life threatening condition?
Aspirin
Q.2 MoA of NSAIDs?
NSAIDS act by inhibiting the cyclooxygenase enzymes that catalyze the first step in
prostanoid biosynthesis. This leads to decreased prostaglandin synthesis with both
beneficial and unwanted effects.
Q.3 Adverse effects of aspirin?
Bleeding, dyspepsia, edema, headache, tinnitus, dizziness.
Q.4 Name the NSAID classified as selective COX2 inhibitor?
Celecoxib
Q.5 Which NSAID have more analgesic property but less anti inflammatory property and
have no effect on bleeding time?
Celecoxib
Reye’s syndrome
34. Spot 10
Q.1 Name the drug that treat Herpes simplex virus infection?
Acyclovir, penciclovir, famciclovir
Q.2 MoA of Acyclovir?
Acyclovir is monophosphorylated by thymidine kinase & converted to the di &
triphosphate forms by all kinases. Acyclovir triphosphate competes with deoxyguanosine
triphosphate as substrate for viral DNA polymerase & itself incorporated in viral DNA
causing premature DNA chain termination.
Q.3 Antivirals that are contraindicated in pregnancy?
Ribavirin, amantadine, rimantadine
Q.4 Adverse effects of acyclovir?
Headache, diarrhea, vomiting, transient renal dysfunction, local irritation.
Q.5 Name the antiviral for parkinsons treatment?
Amantadine
83. Pharmacology Shift 1 Viva!!PenicillinAcytlcholneGeneral pharma routes adv
etcNitrohlycerinOspee!! 1 Morphine2 Heparin3 Aspirin4 Respiratory (corticosteriods delivery
route etc)5 Flouroquinolones6 Antagonist agonist potency graph7 Epinephrine8 PPI9
DIabetes10 Digoxin Pharma Shift 2 vivasGeneral pharmacological 1. Define half life2. First order
kinetics and its 2 examples3. Zero order kinetics and its 2 examples 4. What is the relation
between half life and volume of distribution 5. Factors affecting Drug
distributionFLUROQUINLOES 1. Traveller's diarreha scenario What is drug of choice
(ciprofloxacin)2. MOA of fluroquinloes 3. Name the respiratory quinlones4. What fluroquinloes
are restricted to use in children?5. Which fluroquinloes is given in uti and cystic fibrosisCVS 1.
Scernario person taking some medication which produces dry cough identity (ACE)2. MOA of
Ace inhibitors 3. Adverse effects 4. What medication we can give in replace of ACEs5. Uses ANS1.
What is epinephrine. Dose of epinephrine in local anesthisea?2. Therapeutics uses 3. Adverse
effects4 . Why do we add it in local anesthisa 5. Mechanism of actionOSPEE1. Atropine 2. Asprin
3. PPI'S4. Simvastatin 5. Metformin6. Tetracyline7. General pharmacology (receptors , egs of
intracellular and enzymatic , moa of Gs, endocytosis)8. Asthma acute and chronic treatment9.
Phenytoin10. Nitroglycerin
84. Day 1 shift 1 pharma
Viva 1 (Dr ujala)1- name antimuscarinic drugs used in
eye to produce mydriasis?2- therapeutic action of
atropine?3- Adverse effects of atropine?4- Antidote of
atropine?5- Effects of atropine on eye?
Viva 2 (Dr faiza)1- what is absorption?2- what is
bioavailability?3- what is 1st pass hepatic metabolism?
4- Name the route which shows 100% bioavailability?5-
Factors affecting bioavailability?
Viva 3 (Dr owais)1- classify antihypertensive?2-
Mechanism of action of B blockers and their adverse
effects?3- Mechanism of action of Calcium channel
blockers and their adverse effects?4- Mechanism of
action of Ace inhibitors and their adverse effects?5-
Adrenergic antagonist in pregnancy induce
hypertension??
Viva 4 (Dr fahama)(Acute tuberculosis
scenario)1- Appropriate drug regime to
treat tuberculosis?2- Mechanism of action of
isoniazid?3- Adverse effects of ethambutol?
4- Adverse effects of pyrazinamide?5-
Mechanism of action of rifampicin?
85. Day 1 shift 2 pharma
- (Owais)-nitroglycerine 1- Mechanism of action of
nitroglycerin? 2- Uses of nitroglycerin?3- Adverse
effects of nitroglycerin?4- In acute anginal attack
which drug we give other than nitroglycerin?
- (Maam Ujala) -Cholinergic Agonist1- Uses of
acetylcholine?2- Acetylcholine effects on heart?3-
Adverse effect of acetylcholine (atleast 4)?4- Uses of
neostigmine?5- Edrophonium k uses?-
- Maam Fahama-ampicillin (Penicillins)1- What is
ampicillin?2- Mechanism of action of penicillin? 3-
Uses of penicillin?4- Adverse effects of penicillin?5-
Classification of penicillin?-
- Maam faiza the boss Routes of administration1-
Name different routes of administration?2- Fastest
route?3- At least 5 advantages of intravenous
routes?
Day 1 shift 2 ospy1- Aspirin2- Digoxin3- Drugs
potency4- Insulin5- Heparin6- Morphine7-
Omeprazole8- Repiratory anticholinergic
1- Potency2- Phenytoin3- Penicillin4-
Acetaminophen5- Warfarin6- Thyroid7-
Benzodiazapine8- Antidiarrheal
104. PHARMA LCMD
Viva: -first pass effect
-therapeutic index
-bioavailability
-maximum bioavailability
-cell wall synthesis inhibitors (names of drugs, Mechanism of action and side effects)
-protein synthesis inhibitors (names of drugs, Mechanism of action and side effects)
-tetracycline contraindications
-proton pump inhibitors
-antiviral drugs (names of drugs, Mechanism of action and side effects)
-ANS (sympathomimetics, beta blockers , H1 and H2 receptors (names of drugs, Mechanism of action,
indications and side effects )
-NSAIDS (names of drugs, Mechanism of action, indications and side effects)
-anticoagulants (heparin and warfarin)
-ANTI sedative and hypnotics - benzodiazapene(classification, names of drugs, indications and side effects)
Iske ilawah we had
-spot of mydriasis and mitosis
-peptic ulcer spot
-diagnosis and treatment suggestion for red rashes appearance and abdominal pain
-ACE inhibitors
105. *PHARMA OSPEE 2019 *
Viva 01 :
-diuretics diag 17.2 lippin
-types of diuretics
-mechanism of any two
-Adv effects
VIVA 02:
- cholinergic antagonist
- Uses of atropine and scopolamine
- Thier Adv effect
- drug of choice
VIVA 03:
Penicillin
- classification of penicillin
- b lactam inhibitors
- mechanism of of beta lactam inhibitors
VIVA 04:
- sedatives , hypnotics and anxiolytics
- benzodiazepines classification
- barbiturates
- other hypnotic drugs other than benziodiazipies and barbiturates