Php a dynamic web scripting language

P - PHP
H - Hypertext
P - Preprocessor

 PHP is an acronym for “PHP
Hypertext Preprocessor”. (Originally,
„Personal Home Page’). It was
created by Rasmus Lerdorf in 1995 to
maintain his personal home page
 PHP is a widely-used server scripting
language, and is a powerful tool for
making dynamic and interactive
web pages quickly

 PHP is an object-oriented
programming language, which
means that you can create objects,
which can contain variables and
functions
 PHP scripts are executed on the server
 PHP is an open source software
 PHP costs nothing, it is free to
download and use

PHP files can contain text, HTML,
CSS, JavaScript and PHP code
PHP files are executed on the
server and the result are returned
to the browser as plain HTML
PHP files have extension “.php”

To start using PHP, you can:
Find a web host with PHP and
MySQL Support
Install a web server on your own
PC, and then install PHP and
MySQL
Visit www.php.net for free download.

Download XAMPP installer
XAMPP is an all-in-one installer
package of local server, MySql
and PHP
* Take a look at this video on how to install XAMPP

1. Go to XAMPP directory folder
located in local disk C: & open it
2. Click the “htdocs” folder
3. Create your own folder inside
that „htdocs’
4. Put/save all your PHP Files inside
your own folder
*Remember: Never rename or delete any default folder/s
inside XAMPP directory except that of your own folder

*Take the ff. steps every time you want to
test/run your PHP files?
1. Open XAMPP Control Panel
2. Click the „Start‟ button of the Apache
Server and of the MySQL if your PHP has a
database
3. Open any web browser (Chrome,
IE,Firefox, Safari etc)
4. Type in the address bar
“localhost/yourfoldername” & press Enter
button

.php
Example: myfirstproject.php
File Name File Extension

<html>
<body>
<?php
echo "Hello World";
print “Hello World”;
?>
</body>
</html>
Example:

There are two basic statements to
output or send text to the browser:
echo or print
Example:
echo "Hello World";
print “Hello World”;
Each code line in PHP must end with a semicolon (;).
The semicolon is a separator and is used to
distinguish one set of instructions from another.

Variables are “containers” for storing information. It
can store values like text strings, numbers or
arrays.
Rules for PHP variables:
 A variable starts with a $ (sigil) sign, followed by the
name of the variable.
 A variable name must start with a letter or the underscore
character
 A variable name cannot start with a number
 A variable name can only contain alpha-numeric
characters and underscores (A-z, 0-9, and _)
 Variable names are case sensitive ($y and $Y are two
different variables)

The correct way of declaring a variable in PHP:
$var_name = value;
Example:
<?php
$text="Hello Math!";
$x=5;
$y=6;
$z=$x+$y;
echo $z;
?>
Remember: (put quotes for text variable’s value)
(no quotes needed for number variable’s value)

 All user-defined functions, classes, and keywords
(e.g. if, else, while, echo, etc.) are case-
insensitive
Example 1:
<?php
EcHo “Hello World!”;
echo “Hello World!”;
ECHO “Hello World!”;
?>
all three echo
statements are
legal (and
equal)

 All variables are case-sensitive
Example:
<?php
$color=”red”;
echo “My car is “ . $color;
echo “My car is “ . $COLOR;
echo “My car is “ . $coLOR;
?>
only the first
statement will
display the
value of the
$color variable

( .) – Concatenator
The concatenation operator (.) is used to
put two string values together.
Example:
<?php
$txt1="Hello World!";
$txt2="What a nice day!";
echo $txt1 . " " . $txt2;
?>
The output of the code above will be:
Hello World! What a nice day!

Operators are used to operate on values.
Arithmetic Operators
Assignment Operators
Comparison Operators
Logical Operators
+ - * / % ++ --
= += -= *= /= .= %=
== != <> > < >= <=
&& and
II or
! not

Conditional Statements
The if...else Statement
Use the if....else statement to execute some code if a
condition is true and another code if a condition is false.
 Syntax
if (condition)
code to be executed if condition is true;
else
code to be executed if condition is false;

The if...else Statement
Example:
<html>
<body>
<?php
$d=date("D");
if ($d=="Fri")
echo "Have a nice weekend!";
else
echo "Have a nice day!";
?>
</body>
</html>

Conditional Statements
The if...elseif....else Statement
Use the if....elseif...else statement to select one of several
blocks of code to be executed.
 Syntax
if (condition)
elseif (condition)
else
code to be executed if condition is false;

The if...elseif....else Statement
Example:
<?php
$d=date("D");
if ($d=="Fri")
echo "Have a nice weekend!";
elseif ($d=="Sun")
echo "Have a nice Sunday!";
else
echo "Have a nice day!";
?>

Conditional statements are used to perform
different actions based on different conditions.
 Syntax
switch (n)
{
case label1:
code to be executed if n=label1;
break;
case label2:
code to be executed if n=label2;
break;
default:
code to be executed if n is different from both label1
and label2;
}

Example:
<?php
switch ($x)
{
case 1:
echo "Number 1";
break;
case 2:
echo "Number 2";
break;
case 3:
echo "Number 3";
break;
default:
echo "No number between 1 and 3";
}
?>

PHP $_POST Function
The built-in „$_POST‟ function is
used to collect values in a form
with method="post".

PHP $_POST Function
Example:
<form action="welcome.php" method="post">
Name: <input type="text" name="fname" />
Age: <input type="text" name="age" />
<input type="submit" />
</form>
When the user clicks the "Submit" button, the
"welcome.php" file can now use the $_POST function to
collect form data
Welcome <?php echo $_POST["fname"]; ?>!<br />
You are <?php echo $_POST["age"]; ?> years old.
Output could be something like this:
Welcome John!
You are 28 years old.

Problem:
How to create a program that
inputs „student name‟,
„attendance grade‟, „quiz grade‟,
„project grade‟, & „major exam
grade‟ with an output of student
name, total grade and remarks
using PHP?

<html>
<body>
<h1> Student Grade:</h1>
<form action="compute.php" method="post">
Student Name:<input type="text" name="sname" />
<br>
Attendance Grade:<input type="text" name="agrade" />
<br>
Quiz Grade:<input type="text" name="qgrade" />
<br>
Project Grade: <input type="text" name="pgrade" />
<br>
Major Exam Grade:<input type="text" name="egrade" />
<br>
<input type="submit" value="Compute"/>
</form>
</body>
Create this first
file and Save
this as
studentgrade.
php
PHP file #1

<html>
<body>
<?php
echo $_POST["sname"];
?>
<br>
<?php
$attgrade = $_POST['agrade'];
$quizgrade = $_POST['qgrade'];
$prograde = $_POST['pgrade'];
$megrade = $_POST['egrade'];
$total = ($attgrade * 0.10) + ($quizgrade * 0.15) + ($prograde * 0.25)
+ ($megrade * 0.50);
?>
<br>
PHP file #2

<?php
echo 'Total Grade:' . $total;
?>
<br>
<?php
if ($total >= 75) {
echo "Remarks: Passed!";
}
else {
echo "Remarks: Failed!";
}
?>
</body>
</html>
Create this
second file
and Save this
as
compute.php
and run/test
the two files

Save this file as
compute.php
INPUT OUTPUT

Php a dynamic web scripting language

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