physics-flash-march-2016

Los Alamos National Laboratory | Newsletter of the Physics Division
Flash
March 2016
Approved for public release;
distribution is unlimited.
I N S I D E
2
From David’s Desk
4
Enhanced imaging
for dynamic physics
research at the Proton
Radiography facility
5
Experimental platform
to study heterogeneous
mix in ICF implosions
7
Los Alamos collaborates
at the world’s largest
and newest stellarator
experiment
8
Los Alamos quantum
cryptography featured in
Scientific American
9
Turbulent Mixing
Tunnel jet experiments
provide new insights
into buoyancy effects in
mixing
1 0
Wurden named associ-
ate editor for Journal of
Fusion Energy
Heads Up!
Celebrating service
continued on page 3
Flash
This will be a great stage
to show the world that this
[muon imaging] works.
“ “
Elena Guardincerri
Tracking muons to reduce
nuclear threats and help preserve
architectural treasures
By Diana Del Mauro, ADEPS Communications
When Elena Guardincerri was a physics PhD student
at the University of Genova, she considered muons
a nuisance. She built muon detectors to snare these
secondary cosmic rays, which were interfering with
her experiments to study elusive neutrinos. Now, as a
member of the Subatomic Physics (P-25) Muon Tomog-
raphy team, she is developing a muon detector to assist
in saving a 37,000-ton masonry cathedral dome, known
as il Duomo, in Florence, Italy, from severe cracks and
earthquake damage. Her novel method uses muons as
a probe to image reinforcement elements inside thick-
walled structures.
“Elena is an extremely creative physicist,” said her team
leader Chris Morris, who invented multiple scattering
muon imaging, which exposes smuggled nuclear mate-
rial even when it is concealed by shielding material.
To reveal structural secrets of the Florence
cathedral and help protect it against further
damage, Elena Guardincerri is designing light-
weight muon trackers made of 2-inch-diameter
carbon fiber drift tubes for measuring the dome’s
thick-walled passageways.

2
I was too optimistic in January. I have finally finished meeting with each of the teams in the
division (as well as one from MPA/MST). While I learned a great deal about the division in
these meetings, I also learned that my calendar is not my own. I apologize to all over how
many times we had to reschedule. In April, I will start trying to meet with a different team
each week, cycling back through the teams about twice a year. I am looking forward to
hearing about all of the progress that is being made. I expect to hold an All Hands meeting
in April where you can raise your questions and concerns and will continue to hold brown
bag meetings where we can have discussions on a more informal basis.
The 2015/2016 LANSCE run cycle ended last month. There were advances in
nuclear physics, materials science, and dynamic experiments on pRad. Two important
experiments were performed on pRad near the end of the run cycle, HEKLA and Sushi.
With support from J Division, the Sushi experiment was performed on a Saturday. I took
advantage of a day free of meetings to spend about seven hours in the counting house
(with a little time in the Dome) observing the preparations for the shot and seeing the initial
results. It was a great learning experience for me. I am grateful to all of the staff, from a
number of divisions, who worked to make this happen. On page 4 of this issue you can
read about a new 10-frame camera that took useful data during the Sushi experiment,
making the first 31-frame pRad movie ever taken.
Another highlight from the end of the LANSCE run was a result of combining teams and
capabilities across Physics Division to perform an experiment that could not have been
done elsewhere. Neutrino scientists from P-23 and P-25 worked with staff in P-27 to test
the neutron response of the liquid argon time projection chamber, mini-CAPTAIN, in a
WNR beamline. Neutron-induced tracks were observed. I believe that this was the first
time such a neutrino detector had been tested in a neutron beamline, with LANL having
the breadth of capabilities to pull this off. I am sure that the results will be highlighted in a
future Physics Flash.
As described in the accompanying article on page 7, the world has a new, and very
different, magnetic fusion device. The Wendelstein 7-X (W7-X) stellarator at the Max
Planck Institute for Plasma Physics in Germany has performed its first experimental run.
Glen Wurden (P-24) leads LANL’s collaboration on the device, installing and operating
visible and mid-band infrared cameras to study plasma-wall interactions. The billion-dollar-
class W7-X took 19 years to design and build. Amazing persistence. Congratulations to
Glen for being named an Associate Editor of the Journal of Fusion Energy.
Welcome to spring! One other thing that I learned is that spring brings Juniper and other
pollens to the air and I am allergic to them. Nothing a little allergy medicine won’t
take care of.
Physics Division Leader David Meyerhofer
From David’s desk . . .
“
“
In April, I will start trying
to meet with a different
team each week, cycling
back through the teams
about twice a year. I
am looking forward to
hearing about all of the
progress that is being
made.

3
Guardincerri cont.
Muons can identify dense objects and make distinctions be-
tween substances, such as water and melted nuclear fuel,
and unlike x-rays, they can penetrate deep inside materials,
allowing images of thick objects. Cosmic muon radiography
does all of this without damaging structures and without the
need of an artificial radiation source.
Guardincerri helped write software for the muon trackers
built in Japan by Toshiba that will obtain precise images of
the Fukushima Daiichi nuclear power plant, a critical step
before disaster cleanup can begin safely. In other high-
profile work, Guardincerri is “contributing enormously to the
Physics Division threat reduction effort,” Morris said. For in-
stance, she is testing how well muons can scout for nuclear
weapons effects underground.
Guardincerri credits former team member Cas Milner for
proposing muon tomography for the dome—one of several
ideas the Lab presented to an Italian delegation of conser-
vation experts in 2013.
Designed by the secretive master builder Filippo Brunelles-
chi, the 15th-century dome of Santa Maria del Fiore Cathe-
dral is an architectural marvel, and it is has been affected
by ever-expanding cracks for centuries. Some scholars
believe, based on historical documents, that iron rein-
forcements might be inside the dome’s thick masonry, but
investigations with metal detectors failed to yield conclusive
evidence either for or against this view. To determine the
dome’s strength and need for further reinforcements, the
cathedral’s preservationists are looking to Los Alamos to
help determine the exact location of the iron–if it exists–and
compile a more detailed crack profile, which will be used in
their models.
In 2015, Guardincerri visited Florence to explain to the
cathedral’s conservation committee why she believes the
Lab’s muon tracker technology could provide precious in-
formation regarding the inside of the dome. She presented
vivid images of iron bars embedded in a replica wall built
at Los Alamos. The committee approved the design of a
pair of portable trackers, each weighing no more than 220
pounds, one of which will be suspended inside the cathe-
dral near Giorgio Vasari’s Last Judgment fresco.
“This will be a great stage to show the world that this [muon
imaging] works,” said Guardincerri, who grew up in a
nearby town.
With Laboratory Directed R&D Early Career Award fund-
ing, she is redesigning the muon trackers, which currently
weigh 800 pounds each. Following a recent visit to the
National Geographic Society, she and National Geographic
are exploring ways to collaborate on the project based on a
mutual interest in innovative imaging technology as well as
in the history of Florence.
She and colleague Matt Durham (P-25) explained how the
one-detector method that has been used for pyramids is
better for a wider field of view and the award-winning Los
Alamos technology is better for seeing details in smaller
structures. By sandwiching a structure between two detec-
tors and measuring the muon rays entering and exiting
a structure, the Los Alamos muon tracker distinguishes
dense objects with a resolution that other muon imag-
ing methods cannot achieve. For the dome application in
particular, “our technique is more accurate and the spatial
resolution is much better,” Guardincerri said.
Elena Guardincerri’s favorite experiment
What: Demonstrated that multiple scattering muon radiography is a new method to image reinforcement elements
inside thick-walled structures. It uses cosmic-ray muons as probes.
Why: To determine if this imaging tool, developed at Los Alamos, could provide crucial information about the cracking
dome of the Florence Cathedral and solve the mystery of its internal supports (iron bars, clamps, and chains)
When: Summer 2015
Where: Los Alamos Neutron Science Center
Who: Elena Guardincerri, Matt Durham, Chris Morris, Jeff Bacon, Tess Daughton, Shelby Fellows, Olivia Johnson,
Deborah Morley, Kenie Plaud-Ramos, Daniel Poulson, Zhehui Wang (all P-25)
How: Summer students built a replica of the dome’s thickest inner wall and hid three iron bars inside it. Two muon
tracker modules, placed on either side of the wall, took data for 35 days.
The “a-ha moment:” After 17 days of taking data, all three iron bars were visible. Guardincerri reported the results in
Florence, receiving approval from the cathedral’s guild to develop thinner, portable muon tracker modules to install in
the dome.

4
Researchers have successfully installed and operated
a new and improved high-speed imaging system at the
Laboratory’s Proton Radiography (pRad) facility at the Los
Alamos Neutron Science Center (LANSCE).
The imaging system is designed for dynamic experimental
studies. These advances significantly enhance the pRad
capabilities for users in the materials and shock physics
communities.
The Laboratory pioneered proton radiography, which is well
suited to the study of dynamic processes in materials. The
technology features excellent contrast and the capability to
radiograph dynamic events on short time scales (e.g., a few
microseconds) multiple times during its evolution. With the
LANSCE accelerator’s capabilities, the number of radio-
graphs is limited only by the camera technology.
The large-format, 10-frame hybridized focal plane array
design of the new imaging system offers much improved
spatial and charge resolution, higher quantum efficiency,
lower noise, and faster repetition rate over the current state
of the art, with integration times below 50 ns.
The new camera design, slated to replace an earlier 3-frame
design, allows experimenters more than 40 radiographs per
event as opposed to the 21 provided in the current system,
and with fewer cameras.
The goal for the current experimental run cycle was to prove
that the camera could operate in the harsh ionizing environ-
ment of the proton beam. Physics Division researchers
made an aggressive push to prepare the camera to take
data in a dynamic experiment.
In its first deployment, the camera recorded the evolution of
Richtmeyer-Meshkov instabilities at late times (see image).
The team will focus on quantitative characterization of the
camera’s capabilities (i.e., measurements of transfer curves)
and integration of the sensor into a production camera
design.
Materials experiments at the Laboratory’s proposed Matter-
Radiation Interactions in Extremes (MaRIE) experimental
facility would demand unprecedented time-resolved imaging
capabilities. MaRIE is designed for the study of time-depen-
dent mesoscale materials science. Many of the technologies
featured in this new imaging prototype (e.g., improvements
in in-pixel memory and quantum efficiency) are promising
additions to the suite of technologies researchers could
employ in conceptual designs of MaRIE.
The team performed two identical experiments at about 7 atm
(atmospheric pressure) of helium. Two shots—one from
0–5.5‐μs with an interframe time of 275 ns (21 images and a
static) and one from 5.8–13.8 μs (21 images)—will be com-
bined.
The 10-frame camera, which was fielded on the second, from
5.9–9.5 μs with an interframe time of 400 ns, is a link between
the two, to verify repeatability. The image taken using the
10-frame camera shows (top) areal density and (bottom) Abel-
inverted.
Enhanced imaging for dynamic physics research at the Proton Radiography facility
The Lab’s Neutron Science and Technology (P-23) and
Subatomic Physics (P-25) groups, Teledyne Imaging Sen-
sors, Fishcamp Engineering, and Sandia National Labora-
tories collaborated to develop this new imaging system.
Billy Buttler (P-23) is the principal investigator. NNSA Sci-
ence Campaign 3 funded the work, which supports the
Laboratory’s Nuclear Deterrence mission area and the
Materials for the Future and Science of Signatures science
pillars through dynamic materials and shock physics investi-
gations.
Technical contact: Johnny Goett

5
Foam-filled capsules
were imploded using
x-ray drive from a
NIF hohlraum (left).
Measured implosion
symmetry (lower
right) matched
predictions (upper
right), as did bang
time.
The goal of the Inertial Confinement Fusion (ICF) program
is thermonuclear ignition and burn of a deuterium-tritium
(DT) capsule in a laboratory environment. Understanding
turbulent mix remains a key obstacle on the path to ignition.
As part of this program, a multi-division Los Alamos team
has taken a major step in the development of an experimen-
tal platform for studying the effect of heterogeneous mix on
thermonuclear burn. The researchers imploded a capsule
filled with low-density deuterated plastic foam on the Na-
tional Ignition Facility (NIF) at Lawrence Livermore National
Laboratory. Building on work performed at the OMEGA
Laser Facility at the University of Rochester, a team led by
Melissa Douglas (XTD Integrated Design & Assessment,
XTD-IDA) designed, fabricated, and fielded two implosion
experiments to determine the feasibility of the concept and
reproducibility of the target performance.
Two capsules containing deuterated hydrocarbon foam
(CH0.5
D0.5
) at 40 mg/cm3
were imploded using x-ray drive
from NIF hohlraums. Measurements of the neutron yield,
x-ray bang time, and symmetry of the implosions were
performed.
Reproducibility was exceptional, with the yield varying by
only 4% from one shot to the next, and the bang times were
consistent to within 20 ps. Yields were 70% of pre-shot cal-
culations, and the bang times were predicted to within
50 ps of measured values.
Mix of ablator material into the fuel of an inertial confinement
fusion capsule introduces non-burning material, diluting the
fuel and reducing the burn. The amount of the reduction is
dependent in part on the morphology of the mix. Uniform
mix produces the greatest dilution, whereas heterogeneous
(or “chunky”) mix can have regions of higher fuel concentra-
tion that allow more burn to occur.
A probability distribution function (PDF) burn model ap-
proach has been developed to estimate the burn rate in un-
resolved but mixed material computational cells. This model
uses the average concentration of mixed materials and the
variance in this quantity across computational cells, which
are provided by the BHR turbulent transport mode. The re-
sult is a prescription for the concentration (i.e., morphology)
of fuel and ablator material in a cell.
The team is developing the MARBLE ICF platform for use
on NIF to test the probability distribution function burn
model. This platform consists of a capsule filled with deuter-
ated plastic foam at a density of a few tens of milligrams
per cubic centimeter, with tritium gas filling the voids in the
foam. X-rays from a laser-driven hohlraum will drive the
capsule, and the resulting shocks will induce turbulence that
Experimental platform to study heterogeneous mix in ICF implosions
continued on next page

6
will result in the mixing of deuterium from the foam with the
tritium gas.
The neutron yield will measure capsule performance. Fu-
sion neutrons are produced from two reactions. The fusion
of two deuterium nuclei in the foam produces 2.5-MeV
neutrons. Because the foam makes up more than 95% of
the mass inside the capsule, the yield of these DD neutrons
is insensitive to the degree of mix.
Fusion of the deuterium nuclei with tritium nuclei in the gas
produces 14-MeV neutrons. Because the foam and gas
must mix to produce these 14-MeV neutrons, the DT neu-
tron yield is proportional to the degree of mixing. The ratio
of DT to DD neutrons is a sensitive indicator of the degree
of mix. This ratio will be compared with predictions from a
variation of the probability distribution function burn model
that quantifies reaction rates from initially separated
reactants.
The team will perform experiments using foam with voids
of varying size to create and control the heterogeneity of
the mix. Small voids are expected to mix with the plastic,
approximating uniform mix and producing the greatest DT/
DD yield ratio. The mix will remain incomplete for the larg-
est voids, and the ratio will be reduced. Researchers will
conduct foam development work at Materials Science and
Technology (MST) Division’s Target Fabrication Facility.
Engineered foam with prescribed voids that will be used to control the homogeneity of mix in future experiments
to test the PDF burn model.
Initial experiments have demonstrated that the use of low-
density foam in ICF capsules is feasible and that current
simulation techniques accurately predict implosion behavior.
Accurate and reproducible yields and bang times facilitate
design of the more complex targets needed to begin the
heterogeneous mix experiments.
Melissa Douglas (XTD-IDA) leads the MARBLE team, which
includes experiment [T. Murphy, R. Shah, and J. Cobble
(Plasma Physics, P-24)], simulation [R. Olson and I. Tregillis
(Plasma Theory and Applications, XCP-6); B. Haines (Eule-
rian Codes, XCP-2); J. Smidt and J. Fincke (XTD-IDA)], and
target fabrication [J. Oertel, C. Hamilton, M. Lee, B. Ran-
dolph, and D. Schmidt (Engineered Materials, MST-7)].
NNSA funded this work through the Inertial Confinement
Fusion Program and the Science Campaigns. The research
supports the Lab’s Nuclear Deterrence and Energy Security
mission areas and the Nuclear and Particle Futures science
pillar, with a focus on the High Energy Density Plasma and
Fluids thrust area.
Technical contacts: Melissa Douglas and Thomas Murphy
ICF cont.

7
The Wendelstein 7-X stellarator recently began operations
at the Max Planck Institute for Plasma Physics in Germany,
with the help of American researchers from several universi-
ties and institutes including Los Alamos National Laboratory.
The W7-X machine is the world’s largest superconducting
magnetic fusion experiment and has optimized three-dimen-
sional magnetic fields designed to test an alternative to the
tokamak approach to harnessing fusion energy. Presently
no commercially viable technology exists to exploit fusion
energy, a potential source of clean, plentiful, reliable power.
Preparations for this start of operations, with U.S.-designed
hardware and software, have been ongoing for the last four
years by a Department of Energy-sponsored U.S.-German
laboratory collaboration involving Princeton Plasma Physics
Laboratory, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, and Los Ala-
mos. The team plans to demonstrate steady-state, high-
temperature (100 million °C) plasmas for up to 30 minutes
after the machine is fully operational with deuterium in the
next three years.
While W7-X was under construction, Los Alamos National
Laboratory developed and installed a high-resolution visible
and infrared camera diagnostic set needed to study the
effects of three-dimensional magnetic geometries on the
plasma edge, mainly interactions with the armored walls
inside W7-X. The Germans already have several lower-
resolution imaging systems.
Glen Wurden (Plasma Physics, P-24) recommended using
an infrared camera developed for the U.S. military, which
offered the highest resolution available at that time. He
and John Dunn (P-24) designed two imaging systems: one
for initial operations with the poloidal graphite limiter, and
another for use in a future phase with a test divertor unit and
an Oak Ridge scraper element. Optical access at the stel-
larator was obtained using a large sapphire vacuum window,
which can be mounted on several diagnostic ports. Software
for real-time acquisition and analysis was written in Matlab
with multi-core graphics image processing.
The Wendelstein 7-X stellarator required 19 years to build,
from design to first operation.
Glen Wurden in
the stellarator’s
vacuum vessel
during camera
installation, with
one hand on tile-
backing plates
and the other on
a manned-entry
port. Cameras
capture images of
the plasma effects
on armored tile
segments.
Using a high-resolution visible
imaging diagnostic developed
at Los Alamos National Labo-
ratory, Glen Wurden took this
single-frame, 30-ms-exposure
image of W7-X’s first plasma
on Dec. 10, 2015. The image
shows one of the five graphite
limiters, visible behind the
plasma as several tiled seg-
ments. He was one of six
U.S. collaborators in the con-
trol room when the instrument
came online.
For W7-X’s inaugural run in December 2015, magnetically
shielded cameras—visible (400–700 nm) and mid-band
infrared (3–5 μm)—shared a nearly identical view of the
limiter through a sapphire window mounted on the AEA30
port. Both systems offer sub-mm spatial resolution and 10-
ms time resolution, while viewing three of the limiter tiles.
Wurden and collaborators will compare heat flux patterns
observed on the limiter with numerical predictions corre-
sponding to different plasma diffusivities.
The DOE Office of Science’s Office of Fusion Energy Sci-
ences (Program Director Don Rej) funded the work, which
supports the Lab’s Energy Security mission and the Nuclear
and Particle Futures science pillar by building the scientific
foundation needed to develop a fusion energy source.
The Los Alamos portfolio ranges from discovery plasma
science to high-power, long-pulse, and foundational burning
plasma research. This year, the DOE Advanced Research
Projects Agency–Energy program selected Los Alamos re-
searchers to participate in three groundbreaking prototype
technologies to explore new pathways for fusion power.
Technical contact: Glen Wurden
Los Alamos collaborates at the world’s largest and newest stellarator experiment

8
The work of Los Alamos physicists who invented a quantum
key network poised for commercialization is featured in a
recent Scientific American article, which delves into the race
to find new encryption schemes before quantum computers
become a reality and render current safeguards obsolete.
“The Quantum Hack” by Tim Folger, explores various at-
tempts internationally to deploy quantum cryptography,
while questioning whether the world’s encryption systems
can realistically make the quantum leap in time to protect
online commerce and communication. Quantum cryptog-
raphy differs from current encryption systems because it is
based on single particles of light, which are unpredictable,
instead of mathematical algorithms, which can be cracked.
The Quantum-secured Communications team in Applied
Modern Physics (P-21) has developed data protection tech-
nologies based on quantum physics—and 25 years worth of
research. Team Leader Ray Newell and Glen Peterson are
working with former Los Alamos physicists Richard Hughes
and Beth Nordholt to help Whitewood Encryption Systems
Inc. engineer products that could revolutionize computer
security for the future. Hughes and Nordholt recently joined
Whitewood as senior advisors.
One of those devices, called QKarD, is discussed at length.
The article describes how QKarD works and the state of ef-
forts to scale up the device from prototype to production.
In addition, team members are quoted on pressing matters,
including the likelihood that the first quantum computer will
boot up in 10 years, the technical difficulty of increasing key
size in current encryption systems, the threat of hackers
controlling the power grid, and a quantum network under
construction in China to protect government and banking
transactions.
A Scientific American article on the need for quantum cryp-
tography features this photograph of QKarD, a quantum key
generator developed at Los Alamos National Laboratory that
would allow computers, cell phones, and other devices to
exchange quantum keys through a secure, central server.
Los Alamos quantum cryptography featured in Scientific American
The Turbulent Mixing Tunnel (TMT) in Physics Division is
a new, open-circuit wind tunnel facility designed to study
jet and shear flow conditions for Science Campaign 4. Its
unique diagnostic suite and multi-fluid capability make it the
premiere source for experimental data on variable density
mixing in shear conditions. The TMT facility has capabilities
for many experimental configurations, including studying
transient flow conditions, multiple/colliding jets, and other
flow geometries.
Data from the TMT are being used to validate turbulence
models for variable-density mixing conditions. Particle im-
age velocimetry and planar laser-induced fluorescence are
employed to measure the velocity and density fields simulta-
neously in two dimensions. The current experiments are de-
signed to study the effects of changing the Atwood number
Turbulent Mixing Tunnel jet experiments provide new insights into buoyancy effects in mixing
The Laboratory Directed Research and Development
program, the U.S. Department of Energy, and sources in
the intelligence and defense communities have funded the
team’s quantum communications research, which supports
the Lab’s Global Security mission area and the Information,
Science, and Technology science pillar.
Reference: Folger, Tim. “The Quantum Hack: Quantum
computers will render today’s cryptographic methods obso-
lete. What happens then?” Scientific American Feb. 2016:
49–55.
Technical contact: Ray Newell
of the jets (difference in density between the jet flow and
the coflow) with matched Reynolds numbers. Jets provide
a useful configuration for studying mixing because the jet
does not mix with the surrounding air in a uniform way, so
the turbulence is characterized by intermittent, large-scale
structures. This leads to turbulence that does not necessari-
ly behave the way the models that have been implemented
into numerical codes might predict.
Density-weighted turbulence quantities in variable-density
jets are revealing flow dynamics that are highly dependent
upon initial conditions, with buoyancy effects that are evolv-
ing in space and time. Both turbulence and mean quantities
are sensitive to these effects, and turbulence quantities are
particularly revealing of important turbulent jet behaviors.
continued on next page

9
At each of these downstream locations, 10,000 simultane-
ous density and velocity fields are acquired. An example of
one such field is shown below. The color scale is density in
kg/m3
, and the field also constrains velocity vectors (even
in the dark regions there are vectors). The spatial resolution
and accuracy of the application of particle image velocim-
etry allows researchers to resolve the wide range of spatial
scales that are present in the flow field. Mean quantities are
calculated using all 10,000 images and fluctuations by sub-
tracting the mean field from each of the instantaneous fields.
With these data, researchers will be able to develop impor-
tant scaling relations that take into account initial conditions
effects, Atwood number variation, and flow conditions. Few
experimental measurements have been made on variable-
density mixing, especially at these flow conditions (high
Reynolds numbers). And no previous experiments have
made measurements of the 2D density and velocity fields
simultaneously.
The measurement regions for the air (left) and SF6
(right)
jets are shown to scale in the figure above. continued on next page
Turbulent Mixing Tunnel cont.

10
The trends seen in the Reynolds stresses are clearer if one
examines the turbulent kinetic energy (TKE), defined in our
experiments as .
This density-weighted quantity, below, shows us how much
total kinetic energy is in the density and velocity fluctuations
of the flow field.
As the figure shows, the TKE increases dramatically for
the SF6
jet from the near field to the buoyancy-dominated
region. Even at 30 diameters downstream, the TKE is still
higher in the SF6
jet, even though it started out with a lower
TKE than the air jet. Other important quantities for the BHR
model, such as turbulent mass flux and density-specific vol-
ume covariance, are also measured experimentally. Com-
parisons with simulations are ongoing. Normalization with
the local value shows much higher dissipation rates in the
air jet, and with dissipation increasing then decreasing in the
air jet. Analysis of the dissipation rates is continuing.
The work at the TMT supports the Laboratory’s Stockpile
Stewardship mission and Nuclear and Particle Futures sci-
ence pillar by providing important facility and measurement
capabilities in experimental fluid dynamics and turbulence.
The experiments are funded by Science Campaign 4 under
Program Manager John Scott. Researchers are John Char-
onko and Kathy Prestridge (Neutron Science and Technol-
ogy, P-23).
Technical contact: Kathy Prestridge, P-23
HeadsUP!
Celebrating service
Congratulations to the following Physics Division employees
celebrating service anniversaries recently:
Tsutomu Shimada, P-24 ....................................................30
Steven Batha, P-DO ...........................................................25
Richard Van De Water, P-25 ..............................................20
Sky Sjue, P-21 ....................................................................15
Carl Wilde, P-23 ...................................................................5
Jose Dominguez, P-25..........................................................5
Turbulent Mixing Tunnel cont. Wurden named associate
editor for Journal of
Fusion Energy
Glen Wurden (Plasma Physics, P-24)
has accepted an invitation from the
Journal of Fusion Energy to serve
as an associate editor. The journal
publishes international research on
the development of thermonuclear
fusion as a power source, in print and online editions, while
also providing a forum for discussion of broader policy and
planning issues in energy fusion programs. Springer US
publishes the journal six times a year. Wurden leads P-24’s
Magnetized Plasma team, which uses a range of plasmas
and plasma diagnostic techniques to understand complex
processes in hot fusion plasmas.
Technical contact: Glen Wurden

Published by the Experimental Physical Sciences Directorate.
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contact Karen Kippen, ADEPS Communications,
at 505-606-1822, or kkippen@lanl.gov.
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physics-flash-archive.php
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however, the Laboratory does not endorse the viewpoint of a publication or guarantee its technical
correctness.
Flash
Safety leadership: Reinvigorating HPI
Applying the understanding of human behaviors and the
role they play in work processes to improve performance
in safety and productivity is the essence of human perfor-
mance improvement (HPI). In a new Safety Leadership
campaign column, int.lanl.gov/safety/safety-leadership/
new-hpi-team.shtml, read how the Environment, Safety
and Health Directorate recently brought in three individuals
with HPI skills in targeted areas that compliment the unique
institutional needs of the Lab.

LA-UR-16-22091
Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
Title: Physics Flash March 2016
Author(s): Kippen, Karen Elizabeth
Intended for: Newsletter
Web
Issued: 2016-03-29

Disclaimer:
Los Alamos National Laboratory, an affirmative action/equal opportunity employer,is operated by the Los Alamos National Security, LLC for
the National NuclearSecurity Administration of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract DE-AC52-06NA25396. By approving this
article, the publisher recognizes that the U.S. Government retains nonexclusive, royalty-free license to publish or reproduce the published
form of this contribution, or to allow others to do so, for U.S. Government purposes. Los Alamos National Laboratory requests that the
publisher identify this article as work performed under the auspices of the U.S. Departmentof Energy. Los Alamos National Laboratory
strongly supports academic freedom and a researcher's right to publish; as an institution, however, the Laboratory does not endorse the
viewpoint of a publication or guarantee its technical correctness.

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