Policy Implementationvibert jacobComment by William Lester.docx
- 1. Policy Implementation vibert jacob Comment by William Lester: Vibert Jacob William Lester Description of the program Local agencies that need to be involved in the program Comment by William Lester: What program? You have not told me what the program is. Georgia State Congress The Congress of State of Georgia is one of the most important agencies that come in handy in the formulation of different social and political policies (Akbulut-Bailey, 2011). The Congress has a library that houses millions of print media. With the digital collection of the manuscripts, government documents and an array of books, it is easy to get the relevant information that is needed for the implementation of the program. Comment by William Lester: There is no Congress of the State of Georgia. Do you mean the Georgia State Legislature? Georgia Supreme Court
- 2. Although the Georgia Supreme Court may be directly or indirectly involved in the local implementation of the program, it is important to note that its presence cannot be ignored. For a number of years, the court has decided a number of legal cases that have had far-reaching ramifications; both legal and social (Akbulut-Bailey, 2011). It is therefore, prudent that necessary information is assessed in the implementation process. Local administrators There are a number of public administrators within the state of Georgia. Most of these public servants are entrusted with the role of public agency management. This means that before implementation of any public or private policy programs within the city, they have to be involved. Population It is paramount to understand the demographics of Georgia State before undertaking the implementation of the policy program at hand. It is one of the most populous states in the US with an estimated population of ten million people (as per the 2015 census) (Annual Estimates of the Resident Population, 2015). Given that the state has one of the largest number of illegal immigrants, it is therefore important that the program implementation takes this into account. Comment by William Lester: Comment by William Lester: the State of Georgia Community involved In terms of racial composition, the whites accounts for around 60% of the total population. Blacks account for around 35% while the Asians account for 5% with the rest of composition being taken by the natives (Annual Estimates of the Resident Population, 2015). With the whites being the majority, then the program implementation ought to be tailored towards that. Comment by William Lester: What is the program? Program goals The goal of this program was to understand the complexities that surround the involvement of state in policy implementation. While the implementation at a local level has involved a number local agents, understanding how state agencies affect the
- 3. process is vital especially for radar screen of state legislatures. Comment by William Lester: You cannot have a program goal for an undefined program. What is the program? Method of program implementation Top-down approach method would be the best suited implementation process. This callas for the identification of the main challenges first. After that, a brainstorming session follows and this comes up with solutions. In this case, the main problem is identifying how the state will affect the implantation of the policy. With that in mind, the implementation team can assess how different state agencies will influence the policy program. Comment by William Lester: calls Comment by William Lester: implementation Comment by William Lester: What policy Program?????? What is the policy you are examining???????? Expectation of results Since there are no quantifiable metrics of assessing the success of the program, the results can be collected in non-quantifiable approaches. Use of questionnaires is one these approaches. Through the process, the expected results are collected in form of querries from the local communities. This is then gauged against the expected results that could be in form of program goals. Comment by William Lester: queries Method of program evaluation Program evaluation ought to be done once implementation has been completed. The main focus is to establish the impact of the policy on the community. In addition, the evaluation can establish the areas that need adjustments. A comparison of the expected results and the actual results can further give a hint about specific areas of the policy that need modifications. References Comment by William Lester: This should be centered. Also, the references below should have the second
- 4. and subsequent lines indented. Akbulut-Bailey, A. Y. (2011). Information Sharing Between Local and State Governments. The Journal of Computer Information Systems, 51(4), 53-63. Table 1. Annual Estimates of the Resident Population for the United States, Regions, States, and Puerto Rico: April 1, 2010 to July 1, 2015" (CSV). U.S. Census Bureau. December 23, 2015. Running head: REFLECTIVE SUMMARY 1 Reflective Summary 4 Reflective Summary Vibert Jacob South University
- 5. Sources for United States and State Judicial Information There many sources for United States and State Judicial Information in the state of Georgia. The primary source of information on the United States and State Judicial information is the Library of Congress. The Library of Congress as the core state information body can be accessed by the on the web. · https://www.loc.gov/rr/program/bib/states/georgia/ Information can also be accessed through the following websites · www.loc.gov/law/help/guide/states/us-ga.php · https://www.justice.gov/jmd/ls/georgia · http://georgia.gov/georgia-government · http://www.georgiacourts.org/ A public administrator in the state of Georgia deals with a number of issues related to public agency management. It involves a number of issues that are focused on public accountability, resources, criminal justice and healthcare. Thus, a public administrator interacts with all the levels of leadership within the state. Comment by wlester: justice, Supreme Court Decisions that have affected the State of Georgia The state of Georgia has had many far reaching racial discrimination cases that went up to the Supreme Court. This is due to the long history the state has had with racial discrimination. Over the years there have been many important decisions that stemmed from beatings and murders that
- 6. emanated from a racially motivated perspective (Schultz, 2005). The Supreme Court case of Heart of Atlanta Motel (1964) upheld provisions of the public in the Civil Rights Act (1964) accommodations that barred all the state imposed racial discrimination on African Americans. Though the vice continued unabated privately it provided liberties for the African Americans and enabled them at least according to the law to be able to get services from all restaurants, motels and hotels. The law basically was deemed to affect the movement of goods across state lines and thus it was necessary to remove these impediments that had received wide ranging condemnation (Schultz, 2005). When the law was eventually enforced also led to the all overt forms of racial discrimination and profiling that had been prevalent before the passing of the law. This led to the enormous economic growth that is seen in the South and the so- called emergence of the New South.Comment by wlester: this After reading the sentence a few times, it would be best to rewrite it. Comment by wlester: This is an overstatement. Though important, it is very difficult to ascribe something as big as the New South to one event, program, or law. For example, low taxation as has also impacted the growth of industry in the South. Leadership of the State of Georgia Governor for Georgia: Nathan Deal Lieutenant Governor: Casey Cagle Attorney General: Chris Carr Secretary of State: Brian Kemp State School Superintendent: Richard Woods Commissioner of Agriculture: Gary Black Commissioner of Insurance: Ralph Rudgens There three types of committees in the Georgia state senate and these are the standing, study and conference committees. The standing committees are established to take care of the management of the house of representative and senate business. Comment by wlester: representatives
- 7. You needed some citation for the material you shared regarding who serves i9n each office. The study committees are appointed to perform particular tasks or to examine a particular issue. Lastly the conference committees are formed to reconcile differences that emanate from the legislative process of the two houses. The Ethics committee led by Dean Burke passed legislation on the restricted access communities as precinct boundaries and polling places. This allowed the boundaries of residential communities to be precinct boundaries. It also required them to be open for polling centers in the event of an election. References Shultz, D. (2005). The encyclopedia of the Supreme Court. New York: Facts on File Running head: REFLECTIVE SUMMARY 1 REFLECTIVE SUMMARY
- 8. 4 Reflective Summary Vibert Jacob South University Reflective summary According to the reading, the rule of law is an internally accepted standard which basically follows four universal principles. These principles states that the government together with its officials and agents, individuals, and private entities are accountable under the law. The second principle states that the laws are publicized, clear, just, and stable; are evenly applied; and they protect the human rights. The third principle highlights that the rule of law is the process by which the laws are administered, enacted, and enforced (Bingham, 2007). As much as laws can be the only means to an end for justice, it has limits. The reading highlights that legal officials have limits at various times and in various places based on the objectives they want to achieve. For instance, some legal official might decide to end street violence by imposing strict legal penalties on anyone who’s caught engaging in such activities. Some may seek to end harms caused by alcohol or drugs by prohibiting their consumption or sale. Therefore, they seek the best means of achieving their objectives, but it is not guaranteed that they will achieve those objectives. Therefore, when formulating the best possible ways of achieving the objectives, the most appropriate means will be considered. Nature of norms and morals codes are the components that legitimize laws and the guide to behaviours. I noted that norms and morals have philosophical, spiritual, and social origins. Aristotle’s’ philosophy is an example of a solid foundation that can be used in understanding the basic nature of behavioural norms. This because, his philosophy is consistent with predominant moral concepts
- 9. which influences the establishment of democratic government (Schnapp, 2006). However, philosophies can be applicable in a given area yet not applicable areas . Therefore, when integrating philosophies with norms and morals, behavioural guide should highly be considered to make it ideal. Initially, my knowledge on rules of law was basically considered laws as guide that is legally applied by the government to govern the conduct of behaviour . But now the fact is that, laws are the measure of behaviour which reflect the basic notions of right and wrong. Thus, the concept of natural law is the foundation of the legal system of America. I also learnt that natural laws are the principles and the system of rules that guide human conduct, and which might be discovered by rational intelligence of a human being. The state and local governments varies widely across United States. They have particular features, but their organizations differ. Both bodies often have a great impact on the lives of the people than the federal government. They both influence marriage issues, birth and death certificates, the school policies, laws regarding theft of properties, rape, and murder. They also have the responsibility of protecting citizens from criminals. Therefore, all the critical issues are not decided by any other authority but by state and local officials. Sharing of the powers between the states and the national government is one of the significant features of the United States constitutional order. According to the ninth and tenth amendment, the state retains a considerable power to correlate with important responsibilities. Thus, the state is authorised to protect safety, health and welfare of the people, and the elections for national office are managed through the state regulation and the local precincts (Akbulut-Bailey, 2011). With
- 10. the available resources, such as secondary data and primary data I will be able to explore much information about law and its applicability in different areas of concern. References Lord Bingham. (2007). The Rule of Law. Cambridge Law Journal, 66(1), 67-85. Akbulut-Bailey, A. Y. (2011). Information Sharing Between Local and State Governments. The Journal of Computer Information Systems, 51(4), 53-63. Schnapp, K. U. (2006). Comparative Public Administration. Politische Vierteljahresschrift, (SUPPL. 37). Vibert, the instructions for the assignment state, Select at least three topics from the weekly readings and discuss how they can be applied to your final project. In addition, research for appropriate resources that will be required to complete your final project and provide quantifiable proof of their validity and usefulness in completing the final project. This week’s reflective summary should also include details about the state or locality where you are working or would like to work. For example, you can include statistics (such as educational statistics, healthcare statistics, and poverty statistics) and national ratings (such as the crime rating, the number of people uninsured, and the number of people below poverty line). In addition, include details about the following: · How the state and local governments interact · How the power sharing takes place · How power sharing takes place between state and local governments through the ninth and tenth amendments
- 11. · The resources available to you in your area Vibert, you need to be very clear about your project and what area (geographically) you are working on. The paper is far too vague. Also, there are some significant wiring issues that either need correction with an improved proofreading or would benefit from writing help. In either case, these need to be improved on the next paper. Also, please begin your next paper by making it clear what your final project is and where the location is for the project. �state �is �delete �The sentence needs to be rewritten. It does not convey a clear meaning. �guides �The sentence is not constructed properly and needs to be rewritten. �the �vary
- 12. �greater �Some of what you listed also falls under federal authority. You need some citation for the information shared in the paragraph. �This is a British spelling. So is your use of behaviour instead of behavior. �Your references are not in alphabetical order. �What is your final project? I cannot determine what this is despite reading this over many times. �How can I know this if I do not know what your final project is? I see some material about things like natural law and how state and local governments relate. How does this relate to your final project? �I see no details about the state or locality where you are working or would like to work because you have not identified it in the paper. �You talked some about this, but there is no identification of the area.