Postmortem changes
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Postmortem changes include unclotted blood from septicaemia, CO poisoning, or large doses of anticoagulants. The body is exhumed only with a written order from authorities. Signs of death include immediate, early, and late changes such as suspended animation, cooling of the body, postmortem hypostasis, muscular changes from relaxation to rigor mortis to secondary flaccidity, and decomposition through autolysis and putrefaction.
Postmortem changes
- 2. Unclotted blood Septicemia CO poisoning Rapid death from asphyxia Large dose of anticoagulants Hypofibrinogenimia Amniotic fluid embolism Retained abortion Puerperal sepsis
- 3. Post mortem fliuidity In most deaths of asphyxia ..blood is fluid and incoagulable Due to the presence of fibrinolysins from vascular endothelium
- 5. Exhumation Body is exhumed only when there is written order from the Executive magistrate
- 6. Harverd criteria of Brain Death Unreceptivity and unresponsivity No movement Apnoea Absence of elicitable reflux Isoelectric EEG
- 7. Signs of death Immediate Early Late
- 8. Suspended animation Inanimation for some time Resuscitation is effective Freezing Sever drug poisoning New borns Drowning Electrocution Sunstroke Shock Hypothermia Cerebral concussion Cholera Insanity
- 9. Tachi noir
- 10. Kevorkian sign
- 11. Cooling of body/algor mortis Approximate time in hours of death=(Normal Body temperature-rectal temp)/rate of fall of temperature per hr. Postmortem caloricity-temperature raised for first 2 hrs Sunstroke In some nerve disorders Tetanus and strychnine poisoning Excessive bacterial activity in septicemia,cholera,etc.
- 12. Postmortem hypostasis Due to capillo-venous distension-----deoxy Hb-----stains bluish-purple/purplish red /PM staining/s/c hypostasis/livor mortis/darkening of death/cadaveric lividity/sagilations/vibices D/D-Frost erythema,hypothermia induced red-purple spots Appears in about 6-12 hrs
- 13. When first develops-blanches on pressure,reappears Primary lividity-max-2-6 hrs Non displacement/non shifting-haemoconcentration due to fluid loss—intense in asphyxia whr the blood wont readily clot,sudden death It is less marked in haemorrhage,anaemia,wasting d/s,lobar pneumonia,--whr there is rapid coagulation Contact pallor/blanching-pressure of one area with other Drowning in moving water –no lividity
- 14. Muscular changes Primary relaxation/flaccidity Rigor mortis/cadaveric rigidity Secondary flccidity
- 16. Rigor Mortis Individual cell death occurs at this stage
- 18. D/D fo rigor mortis Heat stiffening Cold stiffening Cadaveric spasm/instantaneous rigor
- 19. Cadaveric spasm/cataleptic rigidity Contracted muscles at life, becomes rigid after death without passing to the stage of ralaxtion Sudden death Fear Severe pain Excitement Cerebral haemorrhage Exhaustion
- 20. Decomposition Autolysis Putrifaction
- 21. Putrifaction Cl.welchii-Lecithinase Change in colour red green--1-2days… …black colour 3-4 days Gas formation-1-2days Liquifaction of tissues
- 22. Colour change Sulph Hb Ext-first-at caecum Int-under srface of liver
- 25. Adipocere Hydrolysis and hydrogenation of fat----higher fatty acids+calcium and ammonium ions---adipocere resists putrifaction
- 26. Embalming Method of chemical stiffening Done within 6hrs of death 70 kg body===10L fluid
- 27. Embalming fluid Upto 10 L Water 800 mg Sodium chloride 600 ml Glycerine 90 ml Soluble wintergreen 30 ml Eosin 1% 900 mg Sodium citrate 600 mg Sodium Borate 1.5 L Formalin Proportion Ingredient
Editor's Notes
- #5: Tardieu spots