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powerpoint_presentation_-_making_5g_nr_a_reality_february_2020_web.pdf

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AhmedHashi22

This document discusses the future of 5G networks and 5G New Radio (NR) technology. It makes the following key points: 1) 5G NR is being designed as a unified, flexible air interface that can support diverse services, spectrum types and deployments through 2030 and beyond. 2) 5G will expand broadband connectivity and enable new industries through capabilities like ultra-low latency, high reliability, massive capacity and connectivity of everything. 3) 5G NR specifications were contributed to and aligned with Qualcomm's research to deliver scalable OFDM, flexible slot structures, advanced coding and massive MIMO to meet 5G requirements.

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Future of 5G Building a unified, more capable 5G air interface for the next decade and beyond @qualcomm_tech February 2020
2 Mobile has made a leap every ~10 years Mobile broadband and emerging expansion Mobile voice communication Focus shifts to mobile data Efficient voice to reach billions A unified future-proof platform 1990s Digital voice D-AMPS, GSM, IS-95 (CDMA) 2000s Wireless Internet CDMA2000/EV-DO WCDMA/HSPA+, 1980s Analog voice AMPS, NMT, TACS 2010s Mobile broadband LTE, LTE Advanced, Gigabit LTE 2020s Wireless Edge 5G New Radio (NR)
3 Delivering on the 5G vision Where virtually everyone and everything is intelligently connected
4 4 Diverse services Diverse deployments Mid-bands 1 GHz to 6 GHz High-bands Above 24 GHz (mmWave) Low-bands Below 1 GHz Massive Internet of Things Diverse spectrum 5G NR is a unified, more capable air interface Mission-critical services Enhanced mobile broadband 5G NR Licensed/shared/unlicensed Based on ITU vision for IMT-2020 compared to IMT-advanced; URLLC: Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communications; IAB: Integrated Access & Backhaul 10x Connection density 3x Spectrum efficiency 10x Decrease in end-to-end latency 10x Experienced throughput 100x Traffic capacity 100x Network efficiency
5 Monthly global mobile data traffic in 2024 ~131B Gigabytes In 2024, ~75% of mobile data traffic from multi-media creation & consumption In 2024, 25% of mobile data traffic will be carried by 5G networks — 1.3x more than 4G/3G/2G traffic today 5G will address the insatiable demand for mobile broadband Over 60x growth in mobile data traffic from 2013 to 2024 Source: Ericsson Mobility Report June 2019
6 • Fiber-like data speeds • Low latency for real-time interactivity • More consistent performance • Massive capacity for unlimited data 5G is essential for next generation mobile experiences Augmented reality Connected cloud computing Connected vehicle Immersive experiences High-speed mobility Rich user-generated content Mobilizing media and entertainment Congested environments
7 7 Efficient use of energy and utilities Digitized logistics and retail Private networks for logistics, enterprises, industrial,… Sustainable smart cities and infrastructure Precision agriculture Reliable access to remote healthcare Safer, autonomous transportation Enabler to the factory of the future $13.2 Trillion Powering the digital economy In goods and services by 2035 * 5G will expand the mobile ecosystem to new industries * The 5G Economy, an independent study from IHS Markit, Penn Schoen Berland and Berkeley Research Group, commissioned by Qualcomm
Rel-15 commercialization Rel-16 commercialization Rel-17 commercialization Delivering on the 5G vision Continue expansion to new verticals, deployments, use cases, spectrum Rel-161 Rel-18+ evolution Rel-171 Future-proof platform LTE essential part of the 5G platform 2018 2020 2019 2022 2021 2023+ Rel-15 Driving the 5G expansion 1. 3GPP start date indicates approval of study package (study item->work item->specifications), previous release continues beyond start of next release with functional freezes and ASN.1 2020 eMBB expansion • Beyond smartphone (PC, FWA, …) • New markets/regions • Nationwide coverage & SA migration Longer term expansion • Industrial IoT, enterprise, automotive network • Private networks • Unlicensed spectrum 2019 eMBB • Global smartphone launches • Fixed wireless access NR
9 North America South Korea United Kingdom Spain Germany China Australia United Arab Emirates Saudi Arabia Kuwait Italy Finland Switzerland Romania Qatar Russia (soon) Japan (soon) Sub-6 + mmWave Sub-6 Comparison of Year 1 announcements 4 Operators launched 3 OEMs launched 40+ Operators launching 40+ OEMs launching Ireland Bahrain Philippines South Africa Monaco
10 10 Askey Inseego Compal Fibocom Qualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries LG V50 ThinQ 5G Nubia Mini 5G Samsung Galaxy S10 5G Lenovo Z6 Pro 5G Motorola moto z4/z3 + 5G moto mod OnePlus 7 Pro 5G OPPO Reno 5G 5G devices launched or in development 230+ Samsung Galaxy Fold Xiaomi Mi MIX 5G Vivo iQOO 5G Edition ZTE Axon 10 Pro 5G Samsung A90 5G Samsung Galaxy Note10+ 5G Vivo NEX 3 5G Netgear Nokia Sierra Wireless SIMcom Telit Longsung Quectel WNC ZTE HTC Netcomm 5G modules Hotspots and CPEs 5G smartphones Xiaomi Mi 9 Pro 5G Xiaomi Mi MIX Alpha
11 11 Our LTE advancements are essential to 5G Providing ubiquitous coverage and essential services that complement 5G NR LTE IoT, private LTE network, C-V2X are enabling new mobile use cases today Gigabit LTE is here now and delivers a virtually seamless 5G mobile experience LTE Advanced Pro leadership is essential to success in the 5G Era New 5G NR Sub-6 GHz, and LTE coverage New 5G NR mmWave Drone communications Ubiquitous LTE Gigabit LTE, VoLTE nx1 Gigabit 5G nx10 Gigabit 5G Automotive (C-V2X) Public safety / Emergency services Existing LTE deployments Private LTE networks LTE IoT Gigabit LTE Digital broadcast VoLTE
12 5G NR design and technologies 3GPP Release-15
13 13 Scalable OFDM numerology Low latency, URLLC, forward compatibility Self-contained slot structure Address diverse services, spectrum, deployments Multi-Edge LDPC and CRC-Aided Polar Support large data blocks, reliable control channel Reciprocity-based MU-MIMO Large # of antennas to increase coverage/capacity Beamforming and beam-tracking For extreme capacity and throughput Our technology inventions drove 5G Rel-15 specifications Early R&D investments Fundamental contributions to 3GPP Cutting-edge prototypes Flexible slot-based framework Scalable OFDM-based air interface Advanced channel coding Massive MIMO Mobile mmWave
14 14 Scalable OFDM-based 5G NR air interface 3GPP Rel-15 specifications aligned with Qualcomm Research whitepaper published Nov 2015 [link] Qualcomm Research is a division of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. 1. Such as Weighted Overlap Add (WOLA) utilized in LTE systems today. 2. DFT-Spread (DFT-S) OFDM. 3. Such as non-orthogonal Resource Spread Multiple Access (RSMA) 2n scaling of sub- carrier spacing to efficiently support wider bandwidths Windowing1 can effectively minimize in-band and out-of- band emissions Single-carrier2 OFDM utilized for efficient uplink transmissions Can co-exist with optimized waveforms and multiple access for IoT UL3 Time Frequency Frequency localization Lower power consumption Asynchronous multiple access Scalable numerology
15 15 Scalable 5G NR OFDM numerology—examples Efficiently address 5G diverse spectrum, deployments and services Scaling reduces FFT processing complexity for wider bandwidths with reusable hardware Outdoor macro coverage e.g., FDD 700 MHz Indoor wideband e.g., unlicensed 6 GHz mmWave e.g., TDD 28 GHz Outdoor macro and small cell e.g., TDD 3-5 GHz Sub-Carrier spacing, e.g. 15 kHz Carrier bandwidth, e.g. 1, 5,10 and 20 MHz Carrier bandwidth, e.g. 160MHz Carrier bandwidth, e.g. 400MHz Carrier bandwidth, e.g. 100 MHz Sub-Carrier spacing, e.g. 30 kHz Sub-Carrier spacing, e.g. 60 kHz Sub-Carrier spacing, e.g. 120 kHz 2 n scaling of Sub-Carrier Spacing (SCS)
16 16 Global snapshot of allocated/targeted 5G spectrum 5G is being designed for diverse spectrum types/bands Licensed Unlicensed/shared Existing band New 5G band 600MHz (2x35MHz) 3.55- 3.7GHz 24.25-24.45GHz 24.75-25.25GHz 27.5-28.35GHz 700MHz (2x30 MHz) 3.4–3.8GHz 24.5-27.5GHz 3.4–3.8GHz 26GHz 3.4–3.8GHz 26GHz 3.46–3.8GHz 26GHz 3.6–3.8GHz 3.3–3.6GHz 4.8–5GHz 24.75-27.5GHz 37-42.5GHz 3.42– 3.7GHz 26.5- 28.9GHz 4.5–4.9GHz 27-29.5GHz 3.4–3.7GHz 39GHz 3.6–4.1GHz 64-71GHz 37-37.6GHz 37.6-40GHz 47.2-48.2GHz 5.9–6.4GHz 5.9–7.1GHz 600MHz (2x35MHz) 26.5-27.5GHz 27.5-28.35GHz 64-71GHz 2.5/2.6GHz (B41/n41) 37-37.6GHz 37.6-40GHz 24.25-27.5GHz 26.5-27.5GHz 3.7- 4.2GHz 3.55-3.7 GHz 700MHz (2x30 MHz) 700MHz (2x30 MHz) 700MHz (2x30 MHz) 700MHz (2x30 MHz) 5GHz 4GHz 3GHz <1GHz 24-28GHz 37-40GHz 64-71GHz >95GHz 3.45- 3.55GHz 2.5/2.6GHz (B41/n41) 39-43.5GHz 26.6-27GHz 700MHz >95GHz 700MHz 3.3–3.6GHz 24.25-27.5GHz 27.5-29.5GHz 37-43.5GHz 5.9–7.1GHz 3.4– 3.42GHz 3.7- 4.0GHz 700/800MHz 37.5-38.7GHz 2.3-2.39GHz 25.7- 26.5GHz 28.9- 29.5GHz
17 Broadcast Expanding 5G with the flexible slot-based framework Efficiently multiplex envisioned and future 5G services on the same frequency Blank subcarriers Sidelink Sidelink (Rel-17+), e.g., for offloading Enhanced mobile broadband (Rel-15+) 5G NR eMBB Broadcast Broadcast/ enTV (Rel-16+) C-V2X Cellular V2X — network side (Rel-16+) Dynamic spectrum sharing (Rel-15+) LTE 5G NR eMBB in LTE spectrum LTE 5G NR eMBB Integrated access & backhaul (Rel-16+) ? Unknown service not yet defined NR-Light NR-Light (Rel-17+) eMTC NB-IoT Massive IoT (Rel-16+) Wide-area mission- critical (Rel-15/16+) eMBB transmission DL Ctrl UL Ctrl Self-contained slot structure Ability to independently decode slots and avoid static timing relationships across slots URLLC Nominal traffic puncturing To enable URLCC transmissions to occur at any time using mini-slots Scalable slot duration Efficient multiplexing of diverse latency and QoS requirements Forward compatibility Transmissions well-confined in freq/time to simplify adding new future features
18 18 Scalable 5G NR slot duration for diverse latency/QoS 1. As low as two symbols per mini-slot; 2. Symbols across numerologies align at symbol boundaries and transmissions span an integer # of OFDM symbols 14 OFDM symbols per slot with mini-slot (2, 4, or 7 symbols) for shorter transmissions1 Supports slot aggregation for data- heavy transmissions Efficient multiplexing of long and short transmissions2 0 1 2 11 12 13 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Slot Mini-Slot 500 µs Slot 250 µs Slot 125 µs Subframe 1ms subframe aligned with LTE CP-OFDM Symbol 15 kHz SCS 30 kHz SCS 60 kHz SCS 120 kHz SCS
19 Flexible 5G NR slot structures — Examples DL reference signals (DL DMRS) & UL Reference + Sounding (UL DSMR, SRS) not showed for simplicity Blank slot Designed in a way not to limit future feature introductions Slot-based scheduling/control interval TDD Self-Contained Opportunity for UL/DL scheduling, data and ACK/SRS in the same slot DL Data DL Ctrl UL Ctrl DL Guard DL Ctrl UL Data UL Ctrl Guard UL Data-centric More relaxed TDD timing configurations + FDD operation DL Ctrl DL Data DL UL Data UL Ctrl UL Mini-slot Optimized for shorter data transmissions, e.g. URLLC DL e.g., 2-symbol mini-slot DL UL e.g., 4-symbol mini-slot UL
20 UL Data Guard Benefits of the 5G NR TDD self-contained slot Much faster, more flexible TDD switching and turn-around than 4G LTE 1. Sounding Reference Signal DL Data DL Ctrl UL Ctrl Guard DL Ctrl TDD UL TDD DL More adaptive UL/DL Faster TDD switching allows for more flexible capacity allocation SRS ACK Efficient massive MIMO Optimized TDD channel reciprocity with opportunity for SRS1 every slot Low latency Faster TDD turn-around, with opportunity for UL/DL scheduling, data and ACK in the same slot Flexibility for additional headers E.g., channel reservation header for unlicensed/shared spectrum
21 21 5G NR TDD self-contained slot structure in action Three examples showcasing faster TDD switching for low latency DL reference signals (DL DMRS) & UL Reference + Sounding (UL DSMR, SRS) not showed for simplicity Slot 0: 500 µs Slot 1: 500 µs Slot 2: 500 µs Slot 3: 500 µs 1 2 3 Slot 0: 125 µs Slot 1: 125 µs Slot 2: 125 µs Slot 3: 125 µs Slot 4: 125 µs Slot 5: 125 µs Slot 6: 125 µs Slot 7: 125 µs 1. Indoor (sub-6 or mmWave) 2. Outdoor (sub-6 or mmWave) 3. Outdoor mmWave DL Ctrl DL Data UL Ctrl UL Data
22 5G NR flexible FDD slot structure Delivering low latency, extended coverage, and forward compatibility FDD baseline for continuous transmission and extended coverage UL Data UL Ctrl UL Ctrl DL Ctrl DL Data FDD full DL Slot FDD full UL Slot FDD partial slot for faster DL/UL turn-around and efficient half-duplex FDD implementation FDD partial DL Slot FDD partial UL Slot DL Ctrl DL Data UL Data UL Ctrl UL Ctrl
23 23 6 4 3 2 1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 Code rate (R) LDPC Polar Turbo 0 Advanced ME-LDPC1 channel coding is more efficient than LTE Turbo code at higher data rates Selected as 5G NR eMBB data channel as part of 3GPP Release-15 1. Multi-Edge Low-Density Parity-Check High efficiency Significant gains over LTE Turbo—particularly for large block sizes suitable for MBB Low complexity Easily parallelizable decoder scales to achieve high throughput at low complexity Low latency Efficient encoding/decoding enables shorter transmission time at high throughput Normalized throughput (for given clock rate) 5
24 Performance gains of CRC-Aided Polar channel coding led to its adoption across many 5G NR control use cases 1. Parity-Check Polar channel coding Link-level gains of 5G NR CA-Polar design Versus PC-Polar1 (lower is better) Rate = 0.67 Rate = 0.50 Rate = 0.33 5 4 3 2 1 0 Required SNR (dB) for BLER = 0.01 32 48 64 80 120 Effective payload size (bits) PC-Polar CA-Polar 5G NR CRC-Aided (CA-Polar) design Efficient construction based on single Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) for joint detection and decoding U-domain bit mapping Polar encoder (Arikan kernel) Rate matching & channel bit interleaving Control payload To modulation mapper Single CRC Concatenation as Outer Code
25 25 5G NR optimized design for massive MIMO Key enabler for using higher spectrum bands, e.g. 4 GHz, with existing LTE sites C1. Sounding Reference Signal. 2. Channel State Information Reference Signal; 3. High-Power User Equipment (HPUE) Tx power gains Optimized design for TDD reciprocity procedures utilizing UL SRS1 Enhanced CSI-RS2 design and reporting mechanism New features, such as distributed MIMO Advanced, high-spatial resolution codebook supporting up to 256 antennas Enabled through an advanced 5G NR end-to-end Massive MIMO design (network and device) Exploit 3D beamforming with up to 256 antenna elements Accurate and timely channel knowledge essential to realizing full benefits UL SRS CSI-RS 5G NR co-located with existing LTE macro sites Mitigate UL coverage with 5G NR massive MIMO + HPUE3
26 SRS + PUCCH Step 1: UL SRS1 → Precoding decision → DL Precoded CSI-RS2 Step 2: CSI-RS → UE CQI3 feedback Step 3: Precoding + CQI → Final scheduling decision 0.5ms TDD slot DL Asynchronous CSI-RS SRS + PUCCH DL MIMO rate prediction latency reduced from >10 ms in LTE to 1 ms in 5G NR 5G NR optimized design for TDD reciprocity procedures 5G NR slot structure and enhanced Ref Signals enable fast/accurate feedback *Sub-6 GHz, macro cell numerology, 30 kHz tone spacing; Channel sounding opportunity increases from <= 200 Hz with LTE to 2 kHz with 5G NR. 1. Sounding Reference Signal. 2. Channel State Information Reference Signal. 3. Channel Quality Indicator DL CTRL SRS + PUCCH
27 Faster, more uniform data rates throughout cell 5G NR massive MIMO increases coverage & capacity Assumptions: carrier frequency 4GHz; 200m ISD, 200MHz total bandwidth; base station: 256 antenna elements (x-pol), 48dBm Tx power; UE: 4 Tx/Rx antenna elements, 23dBm max. Tx power; full buffer traffic model, 80% indoor and 20% outdoor UEs. 3.8x 2.9x 4x4 MIMO 5G NR Massive MIMO 5G NR Massive MIMO 4x4 MIMO 52 Mbps 195 Mbps 27 Mbps 79 Mbps Median Burst Rate Cell-edge Burst Rate
28 28 56 Mbps 8.8x 493 Mbps 102 Mbps 20 Mbps 9.2x 184 Mbps 39 Mbps Industry-first simulation of real world performance reveals immense 5G user experience gains over 4G Frankfurt Simulation 5G NR Sub-6 GHz Non-standalone (NSA) 4G device in 4G network Cat 20 LTE Median burst rate Cell-edge burst rate 4G device after 5G is deployed 5G device in 5G network 4G device in 4G network 4G device after 5G is deployed 5G device in 5G network Learn more:
29 29 88 Mbps 3.7x 332 Mbps 102 Mbps 45 Mbps 3.8x 171 Mbps 51 Mbps Industry-first simulation of 5G NR Standalone network Tokyo Simulation 5G NR Sub-6 GHz Standalone (SA) 4G device in 4G network Cat 20 LTE 4G device after 5G is deployed 5G device in 5G network 4G device in 4G network 4G device after 5G is deployed 5G device in 5G network DL median burst rate DL cell-edge burst rate UL median burst rate UL cell-edge burst rate 6 Mbps 13.6x 122 Mbps 9 Mbps 0.4 Mbps 42.5x 17 Mbps 1 Mbps 4G device in 4G network Cat 20 LTE 4G device after 5G is deployed 5G device in 5G network 4G device in 4G network 4G device after 5G is deployed 5G device in 5G network
30 30 Significant 5G NR 3.5 GHz outdoor & indoor coverage via co-siting Simulations based on over-the-air testing and channel measurements 99% 99% 98% 70% 67% 45% Korea City 1 Japan City 1 Europe City 1 Downlink Coverage % Co-siting with LTE Assuming minimum spectral efficiency of 0.3 bps/Hz over 100 MHz = ~30 Mbps at cell edge; With LTE, outdoor/indoor coverage for Korea city :100%/96%, Japan city 100%/87%, Europe city 100%/80% 3.5 GHz 41 28 20 Site density (per km2) Outdoor Outdoor Outdoor Indoor Indoor Indoor
31 31 New frontier of mobile broadband — mobilizing mmWave Sub-6 GHz (e.g., 3.5 GHz) 6 GHz 24 GHz 100 GHz Much more capacity With dense spatial reuse Multi-Gbps data rates With large bandwidths (100s of MHz) Vast amount of bandwidth that is ~25x more than what’s being used for 3G/4G today Millimeter wave (mmWave) (e.g., 24.25-27.5 GHz, 27.5-29.5 GHz) Lower latency Bringing new opportunities
32 • Fiber-like data speeds • Low latency for real-time interactivity • Massive capacity for unlimited data plans • Lower cost per bit 5G NR mmWave will support new and enhanced mobile experiences Rich media and entertainment for outdoor — augmenting lower bands Massive bandwidth for cloud computing Dense indoor & outdoor connectivity for venues Virtually lag-less experiences — e.g., multiplayer gaming More indoor capacity as outdoor mmWave offloads outdoor lower bands New indoor opportunities — e.g., connected enterprises Fiber-like broadband to the home — fixed mmWave Beyond smartphones — e.g., smart manufacturing
33 We are overcoming the mobile mmWave challenge Proving the skeptics wrong about mmWave can never be used for mobile 1 LOS: Line of sight, NLOS: Non-line-of-sight Limited coverage and too costly Significant path loss means coverage limited to just a few hundred feet, thus requiring too many small cells Significant coverage with co-siting Analog beamforming w/ narrow beam width to overcome path loss. Comprehensive system simulations reusing existing sites. Works only line-of-sight (LOS)1 Blockage from hand, body, walls, foliage, rain etc. severely limits signal propagation Operating in LOS and NLOS1 Pioneered advanced beamforming, beam tracking leveraging path diversity and reflections. Only viable for fixed use As proven commercial mmWave deployments are for wireless backhauls and satellites Supporting robust mobility Robustness and handoff with adaptive beam steering and switching to overcome blockage from hand, head, body, foliage. Requiring large formfactor mmWave is intrinsically more power hungry due to wider bandwidth with thermal challenges in small formfactor Commercializing smartphone Announced modem, RF, and antenna products to meet formfactor and thermal constraints, plus device innovations.
34 1990+ Demonstrated Non-line of sight (NLOS) mmWave mobility with beam steering, first at 5G analyst day in October 2015 Commercial 5G NR mmWave network and devices including data cards and smartphones Many years of foundational technology research on mmWave, MIMO, advanced RF Sep. 2017 1H19+ MWC 2016 MWC 2018 MWC 2017 Showcased 5G NR mmWave coverage simulations announced prototype mmWave UE Jul. 2018 Demonstrated NLOS van mobility with beam steering & switching across access points Launched the world’s first 5G NR RF module for mobile devices Completed interoperability testing with multiple infrastructure vendors, showcased 5G network capacity simulations Oct. 2017 Demonstrated world’s first 5G mmWave connection based on Snapdragon X50; announced smartphone reference design Sep. 2018 Announced first 3GPP- compliant 5G NR mmWave OTA call with a mobile form factor device Dec. 2017 Achieved world’s first 5G NR mmWave standards-compliant connection with partner Oct. 2016 Introduced world’s first announced 5G modem, the Qualcomm® Snapdragon™ X50, mmWave & sub-6 GHz Many milestones to mobilize 5G NR mmWave Mar. 2017 Led way forward on accelerated 5G NR eMBB workplan, to enable mmWave launches in 2019 Sep. 2017 Launched world’s first mmWave smartphone, Asus ZenFone, supporting 802.11ad 60 GHz 5G NR field trials with MNOs & infra vendors MWC 2019 Announced our indoor and outdoor mmWave e2e OTA test networks and showcased indoor mmWave simulations Oct. 2018 Introduced even smaller 5G NR RF module that is 25% smaller in size Qualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. Announced our second generation multimode 5G modem, Qualcomm® Snapdragon™ X55 Feb. 2019 May 2018 Introduced FSM100xx, industry’s first 5G NR solution for small cells and remote radio heads FSM100xx
35 35 Mobilizing mmWave with 5G NR technologies Deploying a dense mmWave network with spatial reuse — ~150 – 200m ISD Supporting seamless mobility Delivering robust NLOS connectivity Complementing macro area coverage Tight integration with sub-6 macro network (LTE or 5G NR) Directional antennas with adaptable 3D beamforming and beam tracking Fast beam steering and switching within and across access points Multipath signal propagation with reflections Device antenna diversity and dual connectivity
36 36 62% Outdoor coverage 5x Increase in capacity1 • Significant outdoor coverage, user experience and capacity gains utilizing existing LTE infrastructure (including LAA small cells for Gigabit LTE) • Outdoor coverage only; frees up sub-6 GHz resources for out-to-indoor capacity • Dual connectivity with LTE or aggregation with sub-6 GHz 5G NR ensures complete coverage 320Mbps Cell edge burst rate2 Collaborating with global operators to demonstrate significant 5G NR mmWave capacity & coverage Example: San Francisco Empowering the 5G ecosystem Advanced 5G Simulations for network planning based on our extensive over-the-air testing and channel measurements 1.4 Gbps Median burst rate 1 Compared to Gigabit LTE only with additional 800 MHz spectrum in 28 GHz; 2 Cell edge defined as 0.4 bps/Hz = 320 Mbps for 8x100 MHz channel bandwidth
37 37 Advanced Network Simulations Deploying 28 GHz 5G NR mobile mmWave at Mobile World Congress venue Ubiquitous coverage via co-siting Multi-Gbps speed & low latency More uniform user experience Virtually unlimited capacity For a wide range of mobile devices: Showcasing enhanced mobile mmWave user experiences Simulation assumes 5G NR mmWave co-siting at actual LTE DAS locations in Fira Gran Via Hall 3, uses 800 MHz spectrum in 28 GHz, and is based on Qualcomm engineering simulation tools
38 38 Significant 5G NR mmWave outdoor coverage via co-siting Simulations based on over-the-air testing and channel measurements Simulations assumptions: Based on MAPL (maximum allowable path loss) analysis with ray tracer propagation model and city/area specific models; minimum 0.4 bps/Hz and 0.2 bps/Hz for downlink data and control, out-to-out coverage only; Using 800 MHz DL bandwidth and 100 MHz uplink bandwidth with 7:1 DL:UL TDD US City 1 US City 2 Korean City 1 Hong Kong Japan City 1 Russia City 1 Europe City 1 US City 1 US City 2 Total 48 36 41 39 28 26 28 48 36 Macro 0 8 33 39 28 26 7 0 8 Small 48 28 8 0 0 0 21 48 28 Downlink Uplink Coverage % Co-siting with LTE 75% 62% 76% 72% 65% 53% 41% 69% 52% 64% 46% 62% 57% 52% 40% 33% 41% 30% 26 / 28 GHz 39 GHz Site density (per km2) Median Downlink Burst Rate (Gbps) 2.2 Gbps 2.2 Gbps 1.5 Gbps 2.7 Gbps 2.4 Gbps 2.7 Gbps 2.0 Gbps 1.5 Gbps 1.2 Gbps
39 39 Spectrum aggregation essential to 5G NR deployments Building on solid LTE CA and Dual Connectivity foundation Supplemental DL FDD/TDD CA LAA CA Dual Connectivity LTE/5G NR NSA Supplemental UL Supplemental DL FDD/TDD CA NR LAA CA Dual Connectivity 5G NR Rel-15+ LTE Rel-10+ Dual Connectivity across LTE and NR Fully leveraging LTE investments and coverage, including NSA operation for early 5G NR deployments CA across spectrum bands E.g., tight CA between 5G NR mmWave and sub-6 GHz to address mmWave coverage gaps CA across FDD and TDD bands Sub-1 GHz and mid/high band aggregation; supplemental uplink for better coverage, supplemental downlink for capacity CA across spectrum types E.g., Licensed and unlicensed with 5G NR Licensed Assisted Access (LAA) — approved Rel-15 Study Item Carrier Aggregation (CA) and Dual Connectivity enable deployments with tightly and loosely coordinated cells
40 40 Dual connectivity to fully utilize LTE investments Enabling gigabit experiences virtually everywhere Supplementing 5GNR mid-band and mmWave Providing VoLTE leveraging LTE’s ubiquitous coverage Gigabit LTE, VoLTE 5G NR low/mid-band and LTE coverage 5G NR below 10 GHz Gigabit LTE, VoLTE 5G NR above 10 GHz Ubiquitous LTE coverage Virtually seamless mobility Simultaneous dual-connectivity across 5G NR and 4G LTE 5G NR mmWave 5G augmented deployments Existing deployments 640+ Commercial networks 9,500+ Commercial devices 2.3B+ LTE/LTE-A subscriptions Qualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. Source: GSA (www.gsacom.com)—Oct 2017 on network launches, Oct 2017 on subscriptions, Nov 2017 on commercial devices Gigabit LTE provides the coverage foundation for 5G eMBB
41 5G NR FDD/TDD CA to support mid-band deployments Low-band FDD can help increase 5G NR TDD UL data rate/range1 1 Thanks to less path loss and no DL:UL split – depends on massive MIMO, site density, TDD configuration DL 5G NR mmWave e.g., TDD 28 GHz UL DL UL 5G NR mid-band e.g., TDD 3-5 GHz DL UL Low-band e.g., FDD 700 MHz DL UL Non-Standalone (NSA) Low-band LTE or NR UL can help increase UL data rate/range NR DL UL LTE UL LTE DL LTE Anchor NR TDD, e.g. 3.5 GHz NR UL e.g. <1 GHz NR DL Time Frequency Standalone (SA) NR low-band can carry NR uplink control and data for edge cell users NR DL UL NR TDD, e.g. 3.5 GHz NR UL e.g. <1 GHz NR DL
42 42 Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS) in 3GPP Release 15 For supporting 5G NR in lower FDD bands for NSA and SA deployments 1 Cell Specific Reference Signal Time Frequency 100ms 100ms LTE Time/frequency division multiplexing 5G NR 100ms Legacy LTE device 5G NR device LTE RAN 5G NR RAN ▪ LTE controlled sharing — 5G NR to avoid resources used by LTE (e.g., LTE CRS1) ▪ No impact to legacy LTE devices — DSS support only required for 5G NR devices ▪ System efficiency depends on LTE/5G NR traffic volume and device penetration DSS & carrier aggregation are key enablers for SA migration Efficient use of spectrum with low sharing overhead Supports 5G NR in LTE bands today with “soft refarming”
Lower band LTE Higher band 5G EPC LTE LTE UE 5G NR Dual connectivity NSA UE Accelerated 5G to 2019 with non-standalone mode
Higher band 5G EPC LTE LTE UE Lower band 5G NR Higher band NSA UE Lower band LTE Lower 5G/4G FDD band Time Frequency 5G NR LTE 100ms 100ms 100ms Expand 5G coverage • Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS) • 5G FDD in low bands + 5G NR1 Expand coverage with lower bands 5G UE
Higher band 5G LTE LTE UE Lower band 5G NR Higher band SA UE Lower 5G/4G FDD band + 5G NR1 5G core network Option 2 to introduce 5G core services like QoS, security, slicing Direct migration to standalone core network with DSS 5G UE
Increase 5G performance with carrier aggregation High/mid 5G band LTE Lower band 5G NR Higher band Extended coverage with DSS and FDD low bands + 5G NR 5G core network Standalone option 2 TDD UL1 TDD DL Extends high band usable coverage to downlink limit1 Aggregated performance SA UE 5G UE
47 Fast-to-launch | VoLTE & CS voice NFV and SDN | VoNR & fallback to VoLTE Non-Standalone (NSA) stepping stone to new core Standalone (SA) for new core benefits 5G sub-6GHz Data and control over 5G NR link Carrier Aggregation New 5G Next Gen Core 5G mmWave NR 4G Radio Network 5G mmWave and/or sub-6GHz Data only over 5G NR link Data + control over 4G LTE link Dual connectivity 4G Evolved Packet Core
48 48 5G next Gen Core (NGC) also part of 3GPP Rel-15 Increased flexibility through NFV and SDN — essential to 5G NR expansion NFV: Network Functions Virtualization; SDN: Software Defined Networking Better cost/energy efficiency Optimized performance Flexible biz models and deployments Dynamic creation of services Configurable end-to-end connectivity per vertical Modular, specialized network functions per service Flexible subscription models Dynamic control and user planes with more functionality at the edge 5G Mobile broadband Internet of Things Mission-critical control
49 Making 5G NR a commercial reality Qualcomm, leading the world to 5G
50 >$60B* In research and development Our system-level inventions fuel the mobile industry *Cumulative expenditures to date since 1985. Taking significant risks to start early with an end-to-end design
51 Foundation to 5G leadership is technology leadership Early R&D and technology inventions essential to leading ecosystem forward Proof-of-concept Deliver end-to-end prototypes and impactful demonstrations Vision Identify a problem or need; establish requirements Standardization Drive e2e design with ecosystem and through standards process Commercialization Engage with global network operators to deploy new features with standards- compliant infrastructure and devices Trials Collaborate on OTA field trials that track 3GPP standardization and drive ecosystem towards rapid commercialization Invention Invent new technologies and e2e system architecture 5G
52 We have led the evolution and expansion of LTE Delivering fundamental systems-level inventions that are essential to 5G Leading in 5G requires 4G LTE Leadership Carrier aggregation (FDD, TDD, FDD+TDD) Hybrid ARQ CoMP LTE IoT (eMTC, NB-IoT) Broadcast (eMBMS, enTV) MulteFire LTE in Unlicensed (LAA/eLAA) HetNets with Small Cells and Interference Management LTE Direct and C-V2X Positioning Fast link adaptation VoLTE Advanced MIMO technologies, e.g. UL MIMO OFDMA, SC-FDMA Handover procedure Security
53 53 Cutting-edge 5G NR mobile prototype systems Sub-6 GHz and mmWave 5G NR UE RFFE in mobile form-factors to mimic real-world performance 5G NR gNodeB Enable early system-level testing and demonstrations 5G NR Baseband Flexibly designed to track and drive 3GPP standardization in Rel-15+ • World’s first announced 5G NR prototype — June 2016 • World’s first 5G NR data connection — February 2017 • World’s first interoperable 5G NR system — November 2017
54 54 World’s first 5G NR milestones led by Qualcomm Driving the 5G ecosystem towards 2019 launches in collaboration with 40+ global mobile network operators and 40+ device manufacturers Demonstrated Non-line of sight (NLOS) mmWave mobility with beam steering, first at 5G analyst day in October 2015 MWC 2016 World’s first interoperable 5G NR sub-6 GHz data connection November 2017 MWC 2017 Demonstrated NLOS van mobility with beam steering & switching across access points World’s first interoperable 5G NR mmWave data connection December 2017 Successful multi-band 5G NR interoperability testing February 2018 Interoperable 5G NR sub-6 GHz & mmWave connections with 5 vendors MWC 2018 5G NR interoperability testing preparing for the Chinese mass market June 2018 Rel-15 5G NR trials based on Snapdragon X50 modem chipset and QTM052 antenna modules Commercial 5G NR networks and devices 1H19 2H-2018
55 5G NR mmWave Qualcomm® Reference Design mmWave (60 GHz) viability in handset form factor 11ad in Asus Zenfone 4 Pro Qualcomm® 5G NR mmWave prototype Qualcomm® 5G NR mobile test device Commercializing mmWave in a smartphone form factor Qualcomm Reference Design and Qualcomm Snapdragon are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. 73.8 mm 160 mm 9.5 mm
56 5G NR standards compliant Sub-6 + mmWave Premium-tier smartphones in 2019 World’s first announced 5G NR multimode modems 5G Modem family Qualcomm® Snapdragon™ Qualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.
57 Oct 2017 2H 2018 5G NR Interoperability and field trials using form factor mobile test device Providing Qualcomm Reference Design to accelerate commercial devices 1H 2019 Feb 2018 First 5G NR mmWave over-the-air data call, with Ericsson First 5G NR Sub 6 GHz over-the-air data call, with Ericsson Sep 2018 Oct 2018 Multi-Gigabit over mmWave on working Snapdragon X50 silicon Qualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. 5G NR standards compliant World’s first 5G NR modem-RF system Premium-tier smartphones in 2019 Sub-6 + mmWave
58 Demonstrated 5G NR mmWave technologies on over-the-air test networks supporting NSA mode at 28 GHz Feb 2019 Unveiled world’s most advanced commercial multimode 5G modem Feb 2019 Feb 2019 Built an end-to-end 5G NR massive MIMO over-the-air test network Introduced industry’s first mobile platform with integrated 5G Feb 2019 Qualcomm and Swisscom bring 5G to Europe with the first-announced commercial services April 2019 May 2019 World’s first low-band 5G data session on a commercial 5G modem July 2019 Introduced end-to-end over- the-air 5G mmWave test network in Europe July 2019 OPPO Aug 2019 Sept 2019 Successful 5G data connection in standalone mode Enabled Europe’s first 5G mmWave network in Moscow Qualcomm and Lenovo unveil world’s first 5G PC Qualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries Milestones achieved in 2019 WNC Askey LG
Vodafone Group Global operators and OEMs using Qualcomm® Snapdragon™ X50 5G NR modem family for mobile 5G NR trials and devices Qualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.
60 July 2018 October 2018 Qualcomm® QTM052 5G mmWave antenna module Qualcomm® 5G NR reference design (partially assembled state) Rapid miniaturization of mmWave modules to bring 5G smartphones to the World in 2019 Qualcomm QTM052 is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. Qualcomm 5G NR Reference Design is a program of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.
61 Driving 5G NR evolution and expansion 3GPP Release-16 and beyond
62 5G massive IoT Private networks 5G NR C-V2X, smart transportation Industrial IoT with eURLLC Sub-6 GHz evolution, new use case Shared / unlicensed spectrum mmWave evolution, indoor, enterprises New device classes like boundless XR 5G broadcast Future verticals, services, devices Fixed wireless access Smartphones Laptops Our technology inventions drove the 5G foundation Automotive New device classes like tethered XR Rel.15 eMBB expansion Driving the 5G expansion Rel.16-17
63 5G is the foundation to what’s next. We are the foundation to 5G. Learn more at www.qualcomm.com / 5G Driving the expansion of 5G NR ecosystem and opportunity Making 5G NR a commercial reality for 2019 eMBB deployments
64 Connect with Us Questions? @qualcomm_tech http://www.slideshare.net/qualcommwirelessevolution http://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL8A D95E4F585237C1&feature=plcp www.qualcomm.com/wireless BLOG www.qualcomm.com/news/onq
Follow us on: For more information, visit us at: www.qualcomm.com & www.qualcomm.com/blog Thank you! Nothing in these materials is an offer to sell any of the components or devices referenced herein. ©2018-2019 Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its affiliated companies. All Rights Reserved. Qualcomm and Snapdragon are trademarks of Qualcomm Incorporated, registered in the United States and other countries. Other products and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. References in this presentation to “Qualcomm” may mean Qualcomm Incorporated, Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., and/or other subsidiaries or business units within the Qualcomm corporate structure, as applicable. Qualcomm Incorporated includes Qualcomm’s licensing business, QTL, and the vast majority of its patent portfolio. Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Qualcomm Incorporated, operates, along with its subsidiaries, substantially all of Qualcomm’s engineering, research and development functions, and substantially all of its product and services businesses, including its semiconductor business, QCT.

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powerpoint_presentation_-_making_5g_nr_a_reality_february_2020_web.pdf

  • 1. Future of 5G Building a unified, more capable 5G air interface for the next decade and beyond @qualcomm_tech February 2020
  • 2. 2 Mobile has made a leap every ~10 years Mobile broadband and emerging expansion Mobile voice communication Focus shifts to mobile data Efficient voice to reach billions A unified future-proof platform 1990s Digital voice D-AMPS, GSM, IS-95 (CDMA) 2000s Wireless Internet CDMA2000/EV-DO WCDMA/HSPA+, 1980s Analog voice AMPS, NMT, TACS 2010s Mobile broadband LTE, LTE Advanced, Gigabit LTE 2020s Wireless Edge 5G New Radio (NR)
  • 3. 3 Delivering on the 5G vision Where virtually everyone and everything is intelligently connected
  • 4. 4 4 Diverse services Diverse deployments Mid-bands 1 GHz to 6 GHz High-bands Above 24 GHz (mmWave) Low-bands Below 1 GHz Massive Internet of Things Diverse spectrum 5G NR is a unified, more capable air interface Mission-critical services Enhanced mobile broadband 5G NR Licensed/shared/unlicensed Based on ITU vision for IMT-2020 compared to IMT-advanced; URLLC: Ultra Reliable Low Latency Communications; IAB: Integrated Access & Backhaul 10x Connection density 3x Spectrum efficiency 10x Decrease in end-to-end latency 10x Experienced throughput 100x Traffic capacity 100x Network efficiency
  • 5. 5 Monthly global mobile data traffic in 2024 ~131B Gigabytes In 2024, ~75% of mobile data traffic from multi-media creation & consumption In 2024, 25% of mobile data traffic will be carried by 5G networks — 1.3x more than 4G/3G/2G traffic today 5G will address the insatiable demand for mobile broadband Over 60x growth in mobile data traffic from 2013 to 2024 Source: Ericsson Mobility Report June 2019
  • 6. 6 • Fiber-like data speeds • Low latency for real-time interactivity • More consistent performance • Massive capacity for unlimited data 5G is essential for next generation mobile experiences Augmented reality Connected cloud computing Connected vehicle Immersive experiences High-speed mobility Rich user-generated content Mobilizing media and entertainment Congested environments
  • 7. 7 7 Efficient use of energy and utilities Digitized logistics and retail Private networks for logistics, enterprises, industrial,… Sustainable smart cities and infrastructure Precision agriculture Reliable access to remote healthcare Safer, autonomous transportation Enabler to the factory of the future $13.2 Trillion Powering the digital economy In goods and services by 2035 * 5G will expand the mobile ecosystem to new industries * The 5G Economy, an independent study from IHS Markit, Penn Schoen Berland and Berkeley Research Group, commissioned by Qualcomm
  • 8. Rel-15 commercialization Rel-16 commercialization Rel-17 commercialization Delivering on the 5G vision Continue expansion to new verticals, deployments, use cases, spectrum Rel-161 Rel-18+ evolution Rel-171 Future-proof platform LTE essential part of the 5G platform 2018 2020 2019 2022 2021 2023+ Rel-15 Driving the 5G expansion 1. 3GPP start date indicates approval of study package (study item->work item->specifications), previous release continues beyond start of next release with functional freezes and ASN.1 2020 eMBB expansion • Beyond smartphone (PC, FWA, …) • New markets/regions • Nationwide coverage & SA migration Longer term expansion • Industrial IoT, enterprise, automotive network • Private networks • Unlicensed spectrum 2019 eMBB • Global smartphone launches • Fixed wireless access NR
  • 9. 9 North America South Korea United Kingdom Spain Germany China Australia United Arab Emirates Saudi Arabia Kuwait Italy Finland Switzerland Romania Qatar Russia (soon) Japan (soon) Sub-6 + mmWave Sub-6 Comparison of Year 1 announcements 4 Operators launched 3 OEMs launched 40+ Operators launching 40+ OEMs launching Ireland Bahrain Philippines South Africa Monaco
  • 10. 10 10 Askey Inseego Compal Fibocom Qualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries LG V50 ThinQ 5G Nubia Mini 5G Samsung Galaxy S10 5G Lenovo Z6 Pro 5G Motorola moto z4/z3 + 5G moto mod OnePlus 7 Pro 5G OPPO Reno 5G 5G devices launched or in development 230+ Samsung Galaxy Fold Xiaomi Mi MIX 5G Vivo iQOO 5G Edition ZTE Axon 10 Pro 5G Samsung A90 5G Samsung Galaxy Note10+ 5G Vivo NEX 3 5G Netgear Nokia Sierra Wireless SIMcom Telit Longsung Quectel WNC ZTE HTC Netcomm 5G modules Hotspots and CPEs 5G smartphones Xiaomi Mi 9 Pro 5G Xiaomi Mi MIX Alpha
  • 11. 11 11 Our LTE advancements are essential to 5G Providing ubiquitous coverage and essential services that complement 5G NR LTE IoT, private LTE network, C-V2X are enabling new mobile use cases today Gigabit LTE is here now and delivers a virtually seamless 5G mobile experience LTE Advanced Pro leadership is essential to success in the 5G Era New 5G NR Sub-6 GHz, and LTE coverage New 5G NR mmWave Drone communications Ubiquitous LTE Gigabit LTE, VoLTE nx1 Gigabit 5G nx10 Gigabit 5G Automotive (C-V2X) Public safety / Emergency services Existing LTE deployments Private LTE networks LTE IoT Gigabit LTE Digital broadcast VoLTE
  • 13. 13 13 Scalable OFDM numerology Low latency, URLLC, forward compatibility Self-contained slot structure Address diverse services, spectrum, deployments Multi-Edge LDPC and CRC-Aided Polar Support large data blocks, reliable control channel Reciprocity-based MU-MIMO Large # of antennas to increase coverage/capacity Beamforming and beam-tracking For extreme capacity and throughput Our technology inventions drove 5G Rel-15 specifications Early R&D investments Fundamental contributions to 3GPP Cutting-edge prototypes Flexible slot-based framework Scalable OFDM-based air interface Advanced channel coding Massive MIMO Mobile mmWave
  • 14. 14 14 Scalable OFDM-based 5G NR air interface 3GPP Rel-15 specifications aligned with Qualcomm Research whitepaper published Nov 2015 [link] Qualcomm Research is a division of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. 1. Such as Weighted Overlap Add (WOLA) utilized in LTE systems today. 2. DFT-Spread (DFT-S) OFDM. 3. Such as non-orthogonal Resource Spread Multiple Access (RSMA) 2n scaling of sub- carrier spacing to efficiently support wider bandwidths Windowing1 can effectively minimize in-band and out-of- band emissions Single-carrier2 OFDM utilized for efficient uplink transmissions Can co-exist with optimized waveforms and multiple access for IoT UL3 Time Frequency Frequency localization Lower power consumption Asynchronous multiple access Scalable numerology
  • 15. 15 15 Scalable 5G NR OFDM numerology—examples Efficiently address 5G diverse spectrum, deployments and services Scaling reduces FFT processing complexity for wider bandwidths with reusable hardware Outdoor macro coverage e.g., FDD 700 MHz Indoor wideband e.g., unlicensed 6 GHz mmWave e.g., TDD 28 GHz Outdoor macro and small cell e.g., TDD 3-5 GHz Sub-Carrier spacing, e.g. 15 kHz Carrier bandwidth, e.g. 1, 5,10 and 20 MHz Carrier bandwidth, e.g. 160MHz Carrier bandwidth, e.g. 400MHz Carrier bandwidth, e.g. 100 MHz Sub-Carrier spacing, e.g. 30 kHz Sub-Carrier spacing, e.g. 60 kHz Sub-Carrier spacing, e.g. 120 kHz 2 n scaling of Sub-Carrier Spacing (SCS)
  • 16. 16 16 Global snapshot of allocated/targeted 5G spectrum 5G is being designed for diverse spectrum types/bands Licensed Unlicensed/shared Existing band New 5G band 600MHz (2x35MHz) 3.55- 3.7GHz 24.25-24.45GHz 24.75-25.25GHz 27.5-28.35GHz 700MHz (2x30 MHz) 3.4–3.8GHz 24.5-27.5GHz 3.4–3.8GHz 26GHz 3.4–3.8GHz 26GHz 3.46–3.8GHz 26GHz 3.6–3.8GHz 3.3–3.6GHz 4.8–5GHz 24.75-27.5GHz 37-42.5GHz 3.42– 3.7GHz 26.5- 28.9GHz 4.5–4.9GHz 27-29.5GHz 3.4–3.7GHz 39GHz 3.6–4.1GHz 64-71GHz 37-37.6GHz 37.6-40GHz 47.2-48.2GHz 5.9–6.4GHz 5.9–7.1GHz 600MHz (2x35MHz) 26.5-27.5GHz 27.5-28.35GHz 64-71GHz 2.5/2.6GHz (B41/n41) 37-37.6GHz 37.6-40GHz 24.25-27.5GHz 26.5-27.5GHz 3.7- 4.2GHz 3.55-3.7 GHz 700MHz (2x30 MHz) 700MHz (2x30 MHz) 700MHz (2x30 MHz) 700MHz (2x30 MHz) 5GHz 4GHz 3GHz <1GHz 24-28GHz 37-40GHz 64-71GHz >95GHz 3.45- 3.55GHz 2.5/2.6GHz (B41/n41) 39-43.5GHz 26.6-27GHz 700MHz >95GHz 700MHz 3.3–3.6GHz 24.25-27.5GHz 27.5-29.5GHz 37-43.5GHz 5.9–7.1GHz 3.4– 3.42GHz 3.7- 4.0GHz 700/800MHz 37.5-38.7GHz 2.3-2.39GHz 25.7- 26.5GHz 28.9- 29.5GHz
  • 17. 17 Broadcast Expanding 5G with the flexible slot-based framework Efficiently multiplex envisioned and future 5G services on the same frequency Blank subcarriers Sidelink Sidelink (Rel-17+), e.g., for offloading Enhanced mobile broadband (Rel-15+) 5G NR eMBB Broadcast Broadcast/ enTV (Rel-16+) C-V2X Cellular V2X — network side (Rel-16+) Dynamic spectrum sharing (Rel-15+) LTE 5G NR eMBB in LTE spectrum LTE 5G NR eMBB Integrated access & backhaul (Rel-16+) ? Unknown service not yet defined NR-Light NR-Light (Rel-17+) eMTC NB-IoT Massive IoT (Rel-16+) Wide-area mission- critical (Rel-15/16+) eMBB transmission DL Ctrl UL Ctrl Self-contained slot structure Ability to independently decode slots and avoid static timing relationships across slots URLLC Nominal traffic puncturing To enable URLCC transmissions to occur at any time using mini-slots Scalable slot duration Efficient multiplexing of diverse latency and QoS requirements Forward compatibility Transmissions well-confined in freq/time to simplify adding new future features
  • 18. 18 18 Scalable 5G NR slot duration for diverse latency/QoS 1. As low as two symbols per mini-slot; 2. Symbols across numerologies align at symbol boundaries and transmissions span an integer # of OFDM symbols 14 OFDM symbols per slot with mini-slot (2, 4, or 7 symbols) for shorter transmissions1 Supports slot aggregation for data- heavy transmissions Efficient multiplexing of long and short transmissions2 0 1 2 11 12 13 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Slot Mini-Slot 500 µs Slot 250 µs Slot 125 µs Subframe 1ms subframe aligned with LTE CP-OFDM Symbol 15 kHz SCS 30 kHz SCS 60 kHz SCS 120 kHz SCS
  • 19. 19 Flexible 5G NR slot structures — Examples DL reference signals (DL DMRS) & UL Reference + Sounding (UL DSMR, SRS) not showed for simplicity Blank slot Designed in a way not to limit future feature introductions Slot-based scheduling/control interval TDD Self-Contained Opportunity for UL/DL scheduling, data and ACK/SRS in the same slot DL Data DL Ctrl UL Ctrl DL Guard DL Ctrl UL Data UL Ctrl Guard UL Data-centric More relaxed TDD timing configurations + FDD operation DL Ctrl DL Data DL UL Data UL Ctrl UL Mini-slot Optimized for shorter data transmissions, e.g. URLLC DL e.g., 2-symbol mini-slot DL UL e.g., 4-symbol mini-slot UL
  • 20. 20 UL Data Guard Benefits of the 5G NR TDD self-contained slot Much faster, more flexible TDD switching and turn-around than 4G LTE 1. Sounding Reference Signal DL Data DL Ctrl UL Ctrl Guard DL Ctrl TDD UL TDD DL More adaptive UL/DL Faster TDD switching allows for more flexible capacity allocation SRS ACK Efficient massive MIMO Optimized TDD channel reciprocity with opportunity for SRS1 every slot Low latency Faster TDD turn-around, with opportunity for UL/DL scheduling, data and ACK in the same slot Flexibility for additional headers E.g., channel reservation header for unlicensed/shared spectrum
  • 21. 21 21 5G NR TDD self-contained slot structure in action Three examples showcasing faster TDD switching for low latency DL reference signals (DL DMRS) & UL Reference + Sounding (UL DSMR, SRS) not showed for simplicity Slot 0: 500 µs Slot 1: 500 µs Slot 2: 500 µs Slot 3: 500 µs 1 2 3 Slot 0: 125 µs Slot 1: 125 µs Slot 2: 125 µs Slot 3: 125 µs Slot 4: 125 µs Slot 5: 125 µs Slot 6: 125 µs Slot 7: 125 µs 1. Indoor (sub-6 or mmWave) 2. Outdoor (sub-6 or mmWave) 3. Outdoor mmWave DL Ctrl DL Data UL Ctrl UL Data
  • 22. 22 5G NR flexible FDD slot structure Delivering low latency, extended coverage, and forward compatibility FDD baseline for continuous transmission and extended coverage UL Data UL Ctrl UL Ctrl DL Ctrl DL Data FDD full DL Slot FDD full UL Slot FDD partial slot for faster DL/UL turn-around and efficient half-duplex FDD implementation FDD partial DL Slot FDD partial UL Slot DL Ctrl DL Data UL Data UL Ctrl UL Ctrl
  • 23. 23 23 6 4 3 2 1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9 Code rate (R) LDPC Polar Turbo 0 Advanced ME-LDPC1 channel coding is more efficient than LTE Turbo code at higher data rates Selected as 5G NR eMBB data channel as part of 3GPP Release-15 1. Multi-Edge Low-Density Parity-Check High efficiency Significant gains over LTE Turbo—particularly for large block sizes suitable for MBB Low complexity Easily parallelizable decoder scales to achieve high throughput at low complexity Low latency Efficient encoding/decoding enables shorter transmission time at high throughput Normalized throughput (for given clock rate) 5
  • 24. 24 Performance gains of CRC-Aided Polar channel coding led to its adoption across many 5G NR control use cases 1. Parity-Check Polar channel coding Link-level gains of 5G NR CA-Polar design Versus PC-Polar1 (lower is better) Rate = 0.67 Rate = 0.50 Rate = 0.33 5 4 3 2 1 0 Required SNR (dB) for BLER = 0.01 32 48 64 80 120 Effective payload size (bits) PC-Polar CA-Polar 5G NR CRC-Aided (CA-Polar) design Efficient construction based on single Cyclic Redundancy Check (CRC) for joint detection and decoding U-domain bit mapping Polar encoder (Arikan kernel) Rate matching & channel bit interleaving Control payload To modulation mapper Single CRC Concatenation as Outer Code
  • 25. 25 25 5G NR optimized design for massive MIMO Key enabler for using higher spectrum bands, e.g. 4 GHz, with existing LTE sites C1. Sounding Reference Signal. 2. Channel State Information Reference Signal; 3. High-Power User Equipment (HPUE) Tx power gains Optimized design for TDD reciprocity procedures utilizing UL SRS1 Enhanced CSI-RS2 design and reporting mechanism New features, such as distributed MIMO Advanced, high-spatial resolution codebook supporting up to 256 antennas Enabled through an advanced 5G NR end-to-end Massive MIMO design (network and device) Exploit 3D beamforming with up to 256 antenna elements Accurate and timely channel knowledge essential to realizing full benefits UL SRS CSI-RS 5G NR co-located with existing LTE macro sites Mitigate UL coverage with 5G NR massive MIMO + HPUE3
  • 26. 26 SRS + PUCCH Step 1: UL SRS1 → Precoding decision → DL Precoded CSI-RS2 Step 2: CSI-RS → UE CQI3 feedback Step 3: Precoding + CQI → Final scheduling decision 0.5ms TDD slot DL Asynchronous CSI-RS SRS + PUCCH DL MIMO rate prediction latency reduced from >10 ms in LTE to 1 ms in 5G NR 5G NR optimized design for TDD reciprocity procedures 5G NR slot structure and enhanced Ref Signals enable fast/accurate feedback *Sub-6 GHz, macro cell numerology, 30 kHz tone spacing; Channel sounding opportunity increases from <= 200 Hz with LTE to 2 kHz with 5G NR. 1. Sounding Reference Signal. 2. Channel State Information Reference Signal. 3. Channel Quality Indicator DL CTRL SRS + PUCCH
  • 27. 27 Faster, more uniform data rates throughout cell 5G NR massive MIMO increases coverage & capacity Assumptions: carrier frequency 4GHz; 200m ISD, 200MHz total bandwidth; base station: 256 antenna elements (x-pol), 48dBm Tx power; UE: 4 Tx/Rx antenna elements, 23dBm max. Tx power; full buffer traffic model, 80% indoor and 20% outdoor UEs. 3.8x 2.9x 4x4 MIMO 5G NR Massive MIMO 5G NR Massive MIMO 4x4 MIMO 52 Mbps 195 Mbps 27 Mbps 79 Mbps Median Burst Rate Cell-edge Burst Rate
  • 28. 28 28 56 Mbps 8.8x 493 Mbps 102 Mbps 20 Mbps 9.2x 184 Mbps 39 Mbps Industry-first simulation of real world performance reveals immense 5G user experience gains over 4G Frankfurt Simulation 5G NR Sub-6 GHz Non-standalone (NSA) 4G device in 4G network Cat 20 LTE Median burst rate Cell-edge burst rate 4G device after 5G is deployed 5G device in 5G network 4G device in 4G network 4G device after 5G is deployed 5G device in 5G network Learn more:
  • 29. 29 29 88 Mbps 3.7x 332 Mbps 102 Mbps 45 Mbps 3.8x 171 Mbps 51 Mbps Industry-first simulation of 5G NR Standalone network Tokyo Simulation 5G NR Sub-6 GHz Standalone (SA) 4G device in 4G network Cat 20 LTE 4G device after 5G is deployed 5G device in 5G network 4G device in 4G network 4G device after 5G is deployed 5G device in 5G network DL median burst rate DL cell-edge burst rate UL median burst rate UL cell-edge burst rate 6 Mbps 13.6x 122 Mbps 9 Mbps 0.4 Mbps 42.5x 17 Mbps 1 Mbps 4G device in 4G network Cat 20 LTE 4G device after 5G is deployed 5G device in 5G network 4G device in 4G network 4G device after 5G is deployed 5G device in 5G network
  • 30. 30 30 Significant 5G NR 3.5 GHz outdoor & indoor coverage via co-siting Simulations based on over-the-air testing and channel measurements 99% 99% 98% 70% 67% 45% Korea City 1 Japan City 1 Europe City 1 Downlink Coverage % Co-siting with LTE Assuming minimum spectral efficiency of 0.3 bps/Hz over 100 MHz = ~30 Mbps at cell edge; With LTE, outdoor/indoor coverage for Korea city :100%/96%, Japan city 100%/87%, Europe city 100%/80% 3.5 GHz 41 28 20 Site density (per km2) Outdoor Outdoor Outdoor Indoor Indoor Indoor
  • 31. 31 31 New frontier of mobile broadband — mobilizing mmWave Sub-6 GHz (e.g., 3.5 GHz) 6 GHz 24 GHz 100 GHz Much more capacity With dense spatial reuse Multi-Gbps data rates With large bandwidths (100s of MHz) Vast amount of bandwidth that is ~25x more than what’s being used for 3G/4G today Millimeter wave (mmWave) (e.g., 24.25-27.5 GHz, 27.5-29.5 GHz) Lower latency Bringing new opportunities
  • 32. 32 • Fiber-like data speeds • Low latency for real-time interactivity • Massive capacity for unlimited data plans • Lower cost per bit 5G NR mmWave will support new and enhanced mobile experiences Rich media and entertainment for outdoor — augmenting lower bands Massive bandwidth for cloud computing Dense indoor & outdoor connectivity for venues Virtually lag-less experiences — e.g., multiplayer gaming More indoor capacity as outdoor mmWave offloads outdoor lower bands New indoor opportunities — e.g., connected enterprises Fiber-like broadband to the home — fixed mmWave Beyond smartphones — e.g., smart manufacturing
  • 33. 33 We are overcoming the mobile mmWave challenge Proving the skeptics wrong about mmWave can never be used for mobile 1 LOS: Line of sight, NLOS: Non-line-of-sight Limited coverage and too costly Significant path loss means coverage limited to just a few hundred feet, thus requiring too many small cells Significant coverage with co-siting Analog beamforming w/ narrow beam width to overcome path loss. Comprehensive system simulations reusing existing sites. Works only line-of-sight (LOS)1 Blockage from hand, body, walls, foliage, rain etc. severely limits signal propagation Operating in LOS and NLOS1 Pioneered advanced beamforming, beam tracking leveraging path diversity and reflections. Only viable for fixed use As proven commercial mmWave deployments are for wireless backhauls and satellites Supporting robust mobility Robustness and handoff with adaptive beam steering and switching to overcome blockage from hand, head, body, foliage. Requiring large formfactor mmWave is intrinsically more power hungry due to wider bandwidth with thermal challenges in small formfactor Commercializing smartphone Announced modem, RF, and antenna products to meet formfactor and thermal constraints, plus device innovations.
  • 34. 34 1990+ Demonstrated Non-line of sight (NLOS) mmWave mobility with beam steering, first at 5G analyst day in October 2015 Commercial 5G NR mmWave network and devices including data cards and smartphones Many years of foundational technology research on mmWave, MIMO, advanced RF Sep. 2017 1H19+ MWC 2016 MWC 2018 MWC 2017 Showcased 5G NR mmWave coverage simulations announced prototype mmWave UE Jul. 2018 Demonstrated NLOS van mobility with beam steering & switching across access points Launched the world’s first 5G NR RF module for mobile devices Completed interoperability testing with multiple infrastructure vendors, showcased 5G network capacity simulations Oct. 2017 Demonstrated world’s first 5G mmWave connection based on Snapdragon X50; announced smartphone reference design Sep. 2018 Announced first 3GPP- compliant 5G NR mmWave OTA call with a mobile form factor device Dec. 2017 Achieved world’s first 5G NR mmWave standards-compliant connection with partner Oct. 2016 Introduced world’s first announced 5G modem, the Qualcomm® Snapdragon™ X50, mmWave & sub-6 GHz Many milestones to mobilize 5G NR mmWave Mar. 2017 Led way forward on accelerated 5G NR eMBB workplan, to enable mmWave launches in 2019 Sep. 2017 Launched world’s first mmWave smartphone, Asus ZenFone, supporting 802.11ad 60 GHz 5G NR field trials with MNOs & infra vendors MWC 2019 Announced our indoor and outdoor mmWave e2e OTA test networks and showcased indoor mmWave simulations Oct. 2018 Introduced even smaller 5G NR RF module that is 25% smaller in size Qualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. Announced our second generation multimode 5G modem, Qualcomm® Snapdragon™ X55 Feb. 2019 May 2018 Introduced FSM100xx, industry’s first 5G NR solution for small cells and remote radio heads FSM100xx
  • 35. 35 35 Mobilizing mmWave with 5G NR technologies Deploying a dense mmWave network with spatial reuse — ~150 – 200m ISD Supporting seamless mobility Delivering robust NLOS connectivity Complementing macro area coverage Tight integration with sub-6 macro network (LTE or 5G NR) Directional antennas with adaptable 3D beamforming and beam tracking Fast beam steering and switching within and across access points Multipath signal propagation with reflections Device antenna diversity and dual connectivity
  • 36. 36 36 62% Outdoor coverage 5x Increase in capacity1 • Significant outdoor coverage, user experience and capacity gains utilizing existing LTE infrastructure (including LAA small cells for Gigabit LTE) • Outdoor coverage only; frees up sub-6 GHz resources for out-to-indoor capacity • Dual connectivity with LTE or aggregation with sub-6 GHz 5G NR ensures complete coverage 320Mbps Cell edge burst rate2 Collaborating with global operators to demonstrate significant 5G NR mmWave capacity & coverage Example: San Francisco Empowering the 5G ecosystem Advanced 5G Simulations for network planning based on our extensive over-the-air testing and channel measurements 1.4 Gbps Median burst rate 1 Compared to Gigabit LTE only with additional 800 MHz spectrum in 28 GHz; 2 Cell edge defined as 0.4 bps/Hz = 320 Mbps for 8x100 MHz channel bandwidth
  • 37. 37 37 Advanced Network Simulations Deploying 28 GHz 5G NR mobile mmWave at Mobile World Congress venue Ubiquitous coverage via co-siting Multi-Gbps speed & low latency More uniform user experience Virtually unlimited capacity For a wide range of mobile devices: Showcasing enhanced mobile mmWave user experiences Simulation assumes 5G NR mmWave co-siting at actual LTE DAS locations in Fira Gran Via Hall 3, uses 800 MHz spectrum in 28 GHz, and is based on Qualcomm engineering simulation tools
  • 38. 38 38 Significant 5G NR mmWave outdoor coverage via co-siting Simulations based on over-the-air testing and channel measurements Simulations assumptions: Based on MAPL (maximum allowable path loss) analysis with ray tracer propagation model and city/area specific models; minimum 0.4 bps/Hz and 0.2 bps/Hz for downlink data and control, out-to-out coverage only; Using 800 MHz DL bandwidth and 100 MHz uplink bandwidth with 7:1 DL:UL TDD US City 1 US City 2 Korean City 1 Hong Kong Japan City 1 Russia City 1 Europe City 1 US City 1 US City 2 Total 48 36 41 39 28 26 28 48 36 Macro 0 8 33 39 28 26 7 0 8 Small 48 28 8 0 0 0 21 48 28 Downlink Uplink Coverage % Co-siting with LTE 75% 62% 76% 72% 65% 53% 41% 69% 52% 64% 46% 62% 57% 52% 40% 33% 41% 30% 26 / 28 GHz 39 GHz Site density (per km2) Median Downlink Burst Rate (Gbps) 2.2 Gbps 2.2 Gbps 1.5 Gbps 2.7 Gbps 2.4 Gbps 2.7 Gbps 2.0 Gbps 1.5 Gbps 1.2 Gbps
  • 39. 39 39 Spectrum aggregation essential to 5G NR deployments Building on solid LTE CA and Dual Connectivity foundation Supplemental DL FDD/TDD CA LAA CA Dual Connectivity LTE/5G NR NSA Supplemental UL Supplemental DL FDD/TDD CA NR LAA CA Dual Connectivity 5G NR Rel-15+ LTE Rel-10+ Dual Connectivity across LTE and NR Fully leveraging LTE investments and coverage, including NSA operation for early 5G NR deployments CA across spectrum bands E.g., tight CA between 5G NR mmWave and sub-6 GHz to address mmWave coverage gaps CA across FDD and TDD bands Sub-1 GHz and mid/high band aggregation; supplemental uplink for better coverage, supplemental downlink for capacity CA across spectrum types E.g., Licensed and unlicensed with 5G NR Licensed Assisted Access (LAA) — approved Rel-15 Study Item Carrier Aggregation (CA) and Dual Connectivity enable deployments with tightly and loosely coordinated cells
  • 40. 40 40 Dual connectivity to fully utilize LTE investments Enabling gigabit experiences virtually everywhere Supplementing 5GNR mid-band and mmWave Providing VoLTE leveraging LTE’s ubiquitous coverage Gigabit LTE, VoLTE 5G NR low/mid-band and LTE coverage 5G NR below 10 GHz Gigabit LTE, VoLTE 5G NR above 10 GHz Ubiquitous LTE coverage Virtually seamless mobility Simultaneous dual-connectivity across 5G NR and 4G LTE 5G NR mmWave 5G augmented deployments Existing deployments 640+ Commercial networks 9,500+ Commercial devices 2.3B+ LTE/LTE-A subscriptions Qualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. Source: GSA (www.gsacom.com)—Oct 2017 on network launches, Oct 2017 on subscriptions, Nov 2017 on commercial devices Gigabit LTE provides the coverage foundation for 5G eMBB
  • 41. 41 5G NR FDD/TDD CA to support mid-band deployments Low-band FDD can help increase 5G NR TDD UL data rate/range1 1 Thanks to less path loss and no DL:UL split – depends on massive MIMO, site density, TDD configuration DL 5G NR mmWave e.g., TDD 28 GHz UL DL UL 5G NR mid-band e.g., TDD 3-5 GHz DL UL Low-band e.g., FDD 700 MHz DL UL Non-Standalone (NSA) Low-band LTE or NR UL can help increase UL data rate/range NR DL UL LTE UL LTE DL LTE Anchor NR TDD, e.g. 3.5 GHz NR UL e.g. <1 GHz NR DL Time Frequency Standalone (SA) NR low-band can carry NR uplink control and data for edge cell users NR DL UL NR TDD, e.g. 3.5 GHz NR UL e.g. <1 GHz NR DL
  • 42. 42 42 Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS) in 3GPP Release 15 For supporting 5G NR in lower FDD bands for NSA and SA deployments 1 Cell Specific Reference Signal Time Frequency 100ms 100ms LTE Time/frequency division multiplexing 5G NR 100ms Legacy LTE device 5G NR device LTE RAN 5G NR RAN ▪ LTE controlled sharing — 5G NR to avoid resources used by LTE (e.g., LTE CRS1) ▪ No impact to legacy LTE devices — DSS support only required for 5G NR devices ▪ System efficiency depends on LTE/5G NR traffic volume and device penetration DSS & carrier aggregation are key enablers for SA migration Efficient use of spectrum with low sharing overhead Supports 5G NR in LTE bands today with “soft refarming”
  • 43. Lower band LTE Higher band 5G EPC LTE LTE UE 5G NR Dual connectivity NSA UE Accelerated 5G to 2019 with non-standalone mode
  • 44. Higher band 5G EPC LTE LTE UE Lower band 5G NR Higher band NSA UE Lower band LTE Lower 5G/4G FDD band Time Frequency 5G NR LTE 100ms 100ms 100ms Expand 5G coverage • Dynamic Spectrum Sharing (DSS) • 5G FDD in low bands + 5G NR1 Expand coverage with lower bands 5G UE
  • 45. Higher band 5G LTE LTE UE Lower band 5G NR Higher band SA UE Lower 5G/4G FDD band + 5G NR1 5G core network Option 2 to introduce 5G core services like QoS, security, slicing Direct migration to standalone core network with DSS 5G UE
  • 46. Increase 5G performance with carrier aggregation High/mid 5G band LTE Lower band 5G NR Higher band Extended coverage with DSS and FDD low bands + 5G NR 5G core network Standalone option 2 TDD UL1 TDD DL Extends high band usable coverage to downlink limit1 Aggregated performance SA UE 5G UE
  • 47. 47 Fast-to-launch | VoLTE & CS voice NFV and SDN | VoNR & fallback to VoLTE Non-Standalone (NSA) stepping stone to new core Standalone (SA) for new core benefits 5G sub-6GHz Data and control over 5G NR link Carrier Aggregation New 5G Next Gen Core 5G mmWave NR 4G Radio Network 5G mmWave and/or sub-6GHz Data only over 5G NR link Data + control over 4G LTE link Dual connectivity 4G Evolved Packet Core
  • 48. 48 48 5G next Gen Core (NGC) also part of 3GPP Rel-15 Increased flexibility through NFV and SDN — essential to 5G NR expansion NFV: Network Functions Virtualization; SDN: Software Defined Networking Better cost/energy efficiency Optimized performance Flexible biz models and deployments Dynamic creation of services Configurable end-to-end connectivity per vertical Modular, specialized network functions per service Flexible subscription models Dynamic control and user planes with more functionality at the edge 5G Mobile broadband Internet of Things Mission-critical control
  • 49. 49 Making 5G NR a commercial reality Qualcomm, leading the world to 5G
  • 50. 50 >$60B* In research and development Our system-level inventions fuel the mobile industry *Cumulative expenditures to date since 1985. Taking significant risks to start early with an end-to-end design
  • 51. 51 Foundation to 5G leadership is technology leadership Early R&D and technology inventions essential to leading ecosystem forward Proof-of-concept Deliver end-to-end prototypes and impactful demonstrations Vision Identify a problem or need; establish requirements Standardization Drive e2e design with ecosystem and through standards process Commercialization Engage with global network operators to deploy new features with standards- compliant infrastructure and devices Trials Collaborate on OTA field trials that track 3GPP standardization and drive ecosystem towards rapid commercialization Invention Invent new technologies and e2e system architecture 5G
  • 52. 52 We have led the evolution and expansion of LTE Delivering fundamental systems-level inventions that are essential to 5G Leading in 5G requires 4G LTE Leadership Carrier aggregation (FDD, TDD, FDD+TDD) Hybrid ARQ CoMP LTE IoT (eMTC, NB-IoT) Broadcast (eMBMS, enTV) MulteFire LTE in Unlicensed (LAA/eLAA) HetNets with Small Cells and Interference Management LTE Direct and C-V2X Positioning Fast link adaptation VoLTE Advanced MIMO technologies, e.g. UL MIMO OFDMA, SC-FDMA Handover procedure Security
  • 53. 53 53 Cutting-edge 5G NR mobile prototype systems Sub-6 GHz and mmWave 5G NR UE RFFE in mobile form-factors to mimic real-world performance 5G NR gNodeB Enable early system-level testing and demonstrations 5G NR Baseband Flexibly designed to track and drive 3GPP standardization in Rel-15+ • World’s first announced 5G NR prototype — June 2016 • World’s first 5G NR data connection — February 2017 • World’s first interoperable 5G NR system — November 2017
  • 54. 54 54 World’s first 5G NR milestones led by Qualcomm Driving the 5G ecosystem towards 2019 launches in collaboration with 40+ global mobile network operators and 40+ device manufacturers Demonstrated Non-line of sight (NLOS) mmWave mobility with beam steering, first at 5G analyst day in October 2015 MWC 2016 World’s first interoperable 5G NR sub-6 GHz data connection November 2017 MWC 2017 Demonstrated NLOS van mobility with beam steering & switching across access points World’s first interoperable 5G NR mmWave data connection December 2017 Successful multi-band 5G NR interoperability testing February 2018 Interoperable 5G NR sub-6 GHz & mmWave connections with 5 vendors MWC 2018 5G NR interoperability testing preparing for the Chinese mass market June 2018 Rel-15 5G NR trials based on Snapdragon X50 modem chipset and QTM052 antenna modules Commercial 5G NR networks and devices 1H19 2H-2018
  • 55. 55 5G NR mmWave Qualcomm® Reference Design mmWave (60 GHz) viability in handset form factor 11ad in Asus Zenfone 4 Pro Qualcomm® 5G NR mmWave prototype Qualcomm® 5G NR mobile test device Commercializing mmWave in a smartphone form factor Qualcomm Reference Design and Qualcomm Snapdragon are products of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. 73.8 mm 160 mm 9.5 mm
  • 56. 56 5G NR standards compliant Sub-6 + mmWave Premium-tier smartphones in 2019 World’s first announced 5G NR multimode modems 5G Modem family Qualcomm® Snapdragon™ Qualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.
  • 57. 57 Oct 2017 2H 2018 5G NR Interoperability and field trials using form factor mobile test device Providing Qualcomm Reference Design to accelerate commercial devices 1H 2019 Feb 2018 First 5G NR mmWave over-the-air data call, with Ericsson First 5G NR Sub 6 GHz over-the-air data call, with Ericsson Sep 2018 Oct 2018 Multi-Gigabit over mmWave on working Snapdragon X50 silicon Qualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. 5G NR standards compliant World’s first 5G NR modem-RF system Premium-tier smartphones in 2019 Sub-6 + mmWave
  • 58. 58 Demonstrated 5G NR mmWave technologies on over-the-air test networks supporting NSA mode at 28 GHz Feb 2019 Unveiled world’s most advanced commercial multimode 5G modem Feb 2019 Feb 2019 Built an end-to-end 5G NR massive MIMO over-the-air test network Introduced industry’s first mobile platform with integrated 5G Feb 2019 Qualcomm and Swisscom bring 5G to Europe with the first-announced commercial services April 2019 May 2019 World’s first low-band 5G data session on a commercial 5G modem July 2019 Introduced end-to-end over- the-air 5G mmWave test network in Europe July 2019 OPPO Aug 2019 Sept 2019 Successful 5G data connection in standalone mode Enabled Europe’s first 5G mmWave network in Moscow Qualcomm and Lenovo unveil world’s first 5G PC Qualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries Milestones achieved in 2019 WNC Askey LG
  • 59. Vodafone Group Global operators and OEMs using Qualcomm® Snapdragon™ X50 5G NR modem family for mobile 5G NR trials and devices Qualcomm Snapdragon is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.
  • 60. 60 July 2018 October 2018 Qualcomm® QTM052 5G mmWave antenna module Qualcomm® 5G NR reference design (partially assembled state) Rapid miniaturization of mmWave modules to bring 5G smartphones to the World in 2019 Qualcomm QTM052 is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. Qualcomm 5G NR Reference Design is a program of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries.
  • 61. 61 Driving 5G NR evolution and expansion 3GPP Release-16 and beyond
  • 62. 62 5G massive IoT Private networks 5G NR C-V2X, smart transportation Industrial IoT with eURLLC Sub-6 GHz evolution, new use case Shared / unlicensed spectrum mmWave evolution, indoor, enterprises New device classes like boundless XR 5G broadcast Future verticals, services, devices Fixed wireless access Smartphones Laptops Our technology inventions drove the 5G foundation Automotive New device classes like tethered XR Rel.15 eMBB expansion Driving the 5G expansion Rel.16-17
  • 63. 63 5G is the foundation to what’s next. We are the foundation to 5G. Learn more at www.qualcomm.com / 5G Driving the expansion of 5G NR ecosystem and opportunity Making 5G NR a commercial reality for 2019 eMBB deployments
  • 65. Follow us on: For more information, visit us at: www.qualcomm.com & www.qualcomm.com/blog Thank you! Nothing in these materials is an offer to sell any of the components or devices referenced herein. ©2018-2019 Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its affiliated companies. All Rights Reserved. Qualcomm and Snapdragon are trademarks of Qualcomm Incorporated, registered in the United States and other countries. Other products and brand names may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. References in this presentation to “Qualcomm” may mean Qualcomm Incorporated, Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., and/or other subsidiaries or business units within the Qualcomm corporate structure, as applicable. Qualcomm Incorporated includes Qualcomm’s licensing business, QTL, and the vast majority of its patent portfolio. Qualcomm Technologies, Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Qualcomm Incorporated, operates, along with its subsidiaries, substantially all of Qualcomm’s engineering, research and development functions, and substantially all of its product and services businesses, including its semiconductor business, QCT.