Practical Event Sourcing

Sourcing
Event
Practical
@mathiasverraes

Mathias Verraes
Student of Systems
Meddler of Models
Labourer of Legacy
verraes.net
mathiasverraes

Elephant in the Room
Podcast with @everzet
elephantintheroom.io
@EitRoom

Client
Write
Model
Read
Model
DTO
Commands
Events
CQRS: http://verraes.net/2013/12/ﬁghting-bottlenecks-with-cqrs/

Write
Model
EventsEvents
Read
Model
This talk

Using on object’s
history
to reconstitute its
State

Express
history
as a series of
Domain Events

Something that has
happened in the past
that is of
interest to the business
Domain Event

Express
history
in the
Ubiquitous Language

Relevant
to the business.
!
First class citizens of the
Domain Model

interface DomainEvent
{
/**
* @return IdentifiesAggregate
*/
public function getAggregateId();
}

final class ProductWasAddedToBasket implements DomainEvent
{
private $basketId, $productId, $productName;
!
public function __construct(
BasketId $basketId, ProductId $productId, $productName
) {
$this->basketId = $basketId;
$this->productName = $productName;
$this->productId = $productId;
}
!
public function getAggregateId()
{
return $this->basketId;
}
!
public function getProductId()
{
return $this->productId;
}
!
public function getProductName()
{
return $this->productName;
}
}

final class ProductWasRemovedFromBasket implements DomainEvent
{
private $basketId;
private $productId;
!
public function __construct(BasketId $basketId, ProductId $productId)
{
$this->productId = $productId;
}
!
{
}
!
public function getProductId()
{
return $this->productId;
}
}

final class BasketWasPickedUp implements DomainEvent
{
private $basketId;
!
public function __construct(BasketId $basketId)
// You may want to add a date, user, …
{
}
!
{
}
}

$basket = Basket::pickUp(BasketId::generate());
$basket->addProduct(new ProductId('AV001'), “The Last Airbender");
$basket->removeProduct(new ProductId('AV001'));
!
!
$events = $basket->getRecordedEvents();
!
it("should have recorded 3 events",
3 == count($events));
!
it("should have a BasketWasPickedUp event",
$events[0] instanceof BasketWasPickedUp);
!
it("should have a ProductWasAddedToBasket event",
$events[1] instanceof ProductWasAddedToBasket);
!
it("should have a ProductWasRemovedFromBasket event",
$events[2] instanceof ProductWasRemovedFromBasket);
!
!
// Output:
✔ It should have recorded 3 events
✔ It should have a BasketWasPickedUp event
✔ It should have a ProductWasAddedToBasket event
✔ It should have a ProductWasRemovedFromBasket event
TestFrameworkInATweet https://gist.github.com/mathiasverraes/9046427

final class Basket implements RecordsEvents
{
public static function pickUp(BasketId $basketId)
{
$basket = new Basket($basketId);
$basket->recordThat(
new BasketWasPickedUp($basketId)
);
return $basket;
}
!
public function addProduct(ProductId $productId, $name)
{
$this->recordThat(
new ProductWasAddedToBasket($this->basketId, $productId, $name)
);
}
!
public function removeProduct(ProductId $productId)
{
$this->recordThat(
new ProductWasRemovedFromBasket($this->basketId, $productId)
);
}
!
// continued on next slide

// continued: final class Basket implements RecordsEvents
!
private $basketId;
!
private $latestRecordedEvents = [];
!
private function __construct(BasketId $basketId)
{
}
!
public function getRecordedEvents()
{
return new DomainEvents($this->latestRecordedEvents);
}
!
public function clearRecordedEvents()
{
$this->latestRecordedEvents = [];
}
!
private function recordThat(DomainEvent $domainEvent)
{
$this->latestRecordedEvents[] = $domainEvent;
}
!
}

!
$basket->addProduct(new ProductId('AV1'), “The Last Airbender");
$basket->addProduct(new ProductId('AV2'), "The Legend of Korra");
$basket->addProduct(new ProductId('AV3'), “The Making Of Avatar”);
!
it("should disallow adding a fourth product",
throws(‘BasketLimitReached’, function () use($basket) {
$basket->addProduct(new ProductId('AV4'), “The Last Airbender Movie”);
})
!
);

{
private $productCount = 0;
!
{
$this->guardProductLimit();
$this->recordThat(
new ProductWasAddedToBasket($this->basketId, $productId, $name)
);
++$this->productCount;
}
!
private function guardProductLimit()
{
if ($this->productCount >= 3) {
throw new BasketLimitReached;
}
}
!
{
$this->recordThat(
new ProductWasRemovedFromBasket($this->basketId, $productId)
);
--$this->productCount;
}
// ...
}

!
$productId = new ProductId(‘AV1');
!
$basket->addProduct($productId, “The Last Airbender");
$basket->removeProduct($productId);
$basket->removeProduct($productId);
!
it(“shouldn't record an event when removing a Product
that is no longer in the Basket”,
!
count($basket->getRecordedEvents()) == 3
!
);
1
2
3
4

{
private $productCountById = [];
!
{
$this->recordThat(new ProductWasAddedToBasket(…));
!
if(!$this->productIsInBasket($productId)) {
$this->productCountById[$productId] = 0;
}
!
++$this->productCountById[$productId];
}
!
{
if(! $this->productIsInBasket($productId)) {
return;
}
!
$this->recordThat(new ProductWasRemovedFromBasket(…);
!
--$this->productCountById;
}
private function productIsInBasket(ProductId $productId) {…}

Possible outcomes
!
nothing
one or more events
exception

Aggregates do not
expose state

!
$basket = Basket::pickUp($basketId);
$basket->addProduct($productId, “The Last Airbender");
!
$events = $basket->getRecordedEvents();
!
// persist events in an event store, retrieve at a later time
!
$reconstitutedBasket = Basket::reconstituteFrom(
new AggregateHistory($basketId, $retrievedEvents)
);
!
it("should be the same after reconstitution",
$basket == $reconstitutedBasket
);

final class Basket implements RecordsEvents, IsEventSourced
{
{
$this->recordThat(new ProductWasAddedToBasket(…));
!
// No state is changed!
}
!
{
if(! $this->productIsInBasket($productId)) {
return;
}
!
$this->recordThat(new ProductWasRemovedFromBasket(…));
!
// No state is changed!
}
!
private function recordThat(DomainEvent $domainEvent)
{
$this->latestRecordedEvents[] = $domainEvent;
!
$this->apply($domainEvent);
}

private function applyProductWasAddedToBasket(
ProductWasAddedToBasket $event)
{
!
$productId = $event->getProductId();
!
if(!$this->productIsInBasket($productId)) {
$this->products[$productId] = 0;
}
!
++$this->productCountById[$productId];
!
}
!
private function applyProductWasRemovedFromBasket(
ProductWasRemovedFromBasket $event)
{
$productId = $event->getProductId();
--$this->productCountById[$productId];
}

public static function reconstituteFrom(
AggregateHistory $aggregateHistory)
{
$basketId = $aggregateHistory->getAggregateId();
$basket = new Basket($basketId);
!
foreach($aggregateHistory as $event) {
$basket->apply($event);
}
return $basket;
}
!
private function apply(DomainEvent $event)
{
$method = 'apply' . get_class($event);
$this->$method($event);
}
!

final class BasketProjector
{
public function projectProductWasAddedToBasket(
{
INSERT INTO baskets_readmodel
SET
`basketId` = $event->getBasketId(),
`productId` = $event->getProductId(),
`name` = $event->getName()
}
public function projectProductWasRemovedFromBasket(
{
DELETE FROM baskets_readmodel
WHERE
`basketId` = $event->getBasketId()
AND `productId` = $event->getProductId()
}
}

Fat events
The good kind of duplication

Individual read models for
every unique
use case

final class BlueProductsSoldProjection
{
public function projectProductWasIntroducedInCatalog(
ProductWasIntroducedInCatalog $event)
{
if($event->getColor() == 'blue') {
$this->redis->sAdd('blueProducts', $event->getProductId());
}
}
!
public function projectProductWasAddedToBasket(
{
if($this->redis->sIsMember($event->getProductId())) {
$this->redis->incr('blueProductsSold');
}
}
!
public function projectProductWasRemovedFromBasket(
{
if($this->redis->sIsMember($event->getProductId())) {
$this->redis->decr('blueProductsSold');
}
}
}

LessonWasScheduled
{ SchoolId, GroupId, TeacherId, Subject, WeekDay, Timeslot }
!
=>
!
GroupScheduleProjector
Group 1A Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
09:00
Math
Ada
German
Friedrich
Math
Ada
Chemistry
Niels
Economy
Nicholas
10:00
French
Albert
Math
Ada
Physics
Isaac
PHP
Rasmus
History
Julian
11:00
Sports
Felix
PHP
Rasmus
PHP
Rasmus
German
Friedrich
Math
Ada

LessonWasScheduled
!
=>
!
TeacherScheduleProjector
Ada!
Math
Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday
09:00
Group 1A
School 5
Group 1A
School 5
Group 6C
School 9
Group 5B
School 9
10:00
Group 1B
School 5
Group 1A
School 5
Group 6C
School 9
Group 5B
School 9
11:00
Group 2A
School 5
Group 5B
School 9
Group 1A
School 5

PupilWasEnlistedInGroup
{ PupilId, SchoolId, GroupId }
LessonWasScheduled
!
=>
!
TeacherPermissionsProjector
Ada Pupil 1
Ada Pupil 3
Friedrich Pupil 1
Friedrich Pupil 7
Ada Pupil 8
Julian Pupil 3

Immutable
Append-only
You can’t change history

interface NaiveEventStore
{
public function commit(DomainEvents $events);
!
/** @return AggregateHistory */
public function getAggregateHistoryFor(IdentifiesAggregate $id);
!
/** @return DomainEvents */
public function getAll();
}
!

CREATE TABLE `buttercup_eventstore` (
`streamId` varbinary(16) NOT NULL,
`streamVersion` bigint(20) unsigned NOT NULL,
`streamContract` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
èventDataContract` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
èventData` text NOT NULL,
èventMetadataContract` varchar(255) NOT NULL,
èventMetadata` text NOT NULL,
ùtcStoredTime` datetime NOT NULL,
`correlationId` varbinary(16) NOT NULL,
`causationId` varbinary(16) NOT NULL,
`causationEventOrdinal` bigint(20) unsigned,
PRIMARY KEY (`streamId`,`streamVersion`,`streamContract`)
) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

The Event Store is an
immutable, append-only
database:
inﬁnite caching

Querying events happens by
aggregate id only

Read models are
faster than joins

Aggregate snapshots,
if need be

// it should disallow evaluating pupils without planning them first
!
$scenario->given([
new EvaluationWasPlanned(…)
]);
!
$scenario->when(
new EvaluatePupil(…)
);
!
$scenario->then([
$scenario->throws(new CantEvaluateUnplannedPupil(…))
]);
!
——————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————————-
!
$scenario->given([
new EvaluationWasPlanned(…),
new PupilWasPlannedForEvaluation(…)
]);
!
$scenario->when(
new EvaluatePupil(…)
);
!
$scenario->then([
new PupilWasEvaluated()
]);

verraes.net
!
joind.in/10911
!
buttercup-php/protects
!
mathiasverraes

Practical Event Sourcing

More Related Content

What's hot (20)

Similar to Practical Event Sourcing (20)

More from Mathias Verraes (11)

Recently uploaded (20)

Practical Event Sourcing