Practice english
- 1. SCHOOL OF AGRICULTURE OF NORTHEASTERN EANOR ENGLISH TEACHER OSCAR GARCIA Practice English RAMIREZ VENTURA JHONATAN ESTUARDO 5TO P.A GROUP 3 PLAINS FORGE, ZACAPA 12 THE MARCH 2015
- 2. Presente Perfect : 'There is, there are' Tiene el significado de "haber". Se forma con "there" seguido del presente del verbo "to be" en singular o plural, según corresponda. There is a book Hay un libro There are some books Hay unos libros 'There is' se utiliza con los sustantivos contables en singular y con sustantivos incontables. 'There are' se utiliza con los sustantivos contables en plural. Exercise: There is no sense in crying __________________ There is no point in waiting _________________
- 3. Future tense of have to Future tense of have to expresses an action or situation that will occur in the future. This tense is formed by using will/shall with the simple form of the verb. The surgeon is going to perform the first bypass in Minnesota. We can also use the present tense form with an adverb or adverbial phrase to show future time. The president speaks tomorrow. (Tomorrow is a future time adverb.) Exercise The speaker of the House will finish her term in May of 1998._______________ The future tense can also be expressed by using am, is, or are with going to._________________
- 4. Introduction to the passive voice Passive Voice Mice are eaten by cats. Although the passive voice is less common than the active voice, there are several good reasons to sometimes use the passive. On this page we look at how to construct the passive voice and when and why to use it. (For a basic explanation of the difference between active and passive, please see voice.) How do we make the passive? The basic structure of a passive clause is very simple: subject + auxiliary verb be + main verb past participle + by + agent Exercise: I am employed by Apple. ______________________ You will be woken at 6. _______________________
- 5. Present Simple Passive We use passive forms when we emphasize the action of the predicate. The verb (drink.drank.drunk) is used in its past participle form or regular verbs increasing ed, play -. Played. The structure will be Object + auxiliary to be (am / is / are), verb in past participle form + subject. Exercise: Many people read this writer's articles. Jackie milks the cows every morning.
- 6. Past Perfect Tense + yet / already Present Perfect Tense - Already and Yet Already means that something happened earlier than we expected. With Present Perfect already usually goes after have or has and before the main verb. Examples - We've already had our breakfast. - When are you going to do your homework? - No, thanks. I've already had one." Yet means that something that we expected has happened or hasn't happened. We usually put it at the end of a sentence. Examples - Has the post arrived yet? - Have you done your homework? - Haven't you got ready yet? Look at the time! Exercise: I haven't phoned home _______ Christmas We've been here ________ nine o'clock.
- 7. Quantifiers how much/ how many/ to much some/ any Los cuantificadores indican la cantitad de un nombre. Son repuestas a la pregunta "¿Cuántos?". Al igual que los artículos, los cuantificadores definen a un nombre y siempre están situados delante del nombre. Algunos se pueden usar sólo con nombres contables, otros, sólo con Many Many: Expresa la idea de gran cantidad. Es utilizado sobretodo en frases negativas e interrogativas con el nombre contable en plural. Se puede usar "many" en frases afirmativas, aunque no es muy común. Normalmente, usamos otros cuantificadores como "a lot."nombres incontables y otros, con ambos. There are not many tourists. Much: Como "many", expresa la idea de gran cantidad y es utilizado sobretodo en frases negativas e interrogativas. La diferencia con "many" es que usamos "much" sólo con nombres incontables en singular. Se puede usar "much" en frases afirmativas, aunque sería más formal y no tan común. We have much to do! Exercise: How many cats do you have? _________________ How much money does he have? ______________
- 8. Some / any Some: Se utiliza tanto para los nombres o sustantivos contables en singular como para los nombres o sustantivos contables en plural. Se usa en frases afirmativas e interrogativas (para afirmar algo); se sustituye "any" en frases negativas o interrogativas. Significa una cantidad indefinida, pero limitada. She has some apples Any: Se utiliza en los mismos contextos que "some," pero en frases negativas o interrogativas. I do not have any cats. Exercise: He does not have any money. _______________ Are there some tourists? ___________________
- 9. Must / Might Might (past form of may):Used to suggest a smaller possibility than may does (actually, might is more common than may in American English): He might have finished it. I might go see a doctor. I might not come this time. Must: Used to express something formally required or necessary: I must complete the project by this week. The government must provide health care for everybody. Everyone must save the natural resources of the earth. The building must have a fire alarm. Exercise: There must be an accident. _________________________ She must be very tired. ____________________________ You might have lost it. ______________________________ The store might have been closed today. ______________
- 10. Simple Past of Can Simple Past of Can: La forma del verbo can en Simple Past es could y es la misma para todas las personas. Como es un verbo modal, la forma negativa no precisa el verbo to do sino que se forma simplemente añadiendo not, que contraído es n't. could - could not - couldn't I can ski I could ski ten years ago Exercise: I can't sleep I couldn't sleep last night ____________________ You can speak English very well. Can you speak French?_________________ You could understand him perfectly. Could you understand her?_____________
- 11. Reported Speech Reported Speech (El estilo directo y indirecto): Cuando queremos comunicar o informar de lo que otra persona ha dicho, hay dos maneras de hacerlo: utilizando el estilo directo o el estilo indirecto. Cuando queremos informar exactamente de lo que otra persona ha dicho, utilizamos el estilo directo. Con este estilo lo que la persona ha dicho se coloca entre comillas ("...") y deberá ser palabra por palabra. Ejemplos: I am going to London next week," she said. Do you have a pen I could borrow," he asked. Exercise: Alice said, "I love to dance. _________________ Chris asked, Would you like to have dinner with me tomorrow night __________
- 12. Verbs Can, mustn´t, have to Can: Is one of the most commonly used modal verbs in English. It can be used to express ability or opportunity, to request or offer permission, and to show possibility or impossibility. Examples: I can ride a horse. Ability Exercise: She cannot stay out after 10 PM. Permission _____________ Can you hand me the stapler? Request ________________ Mustn´t: We use must not to say that something is not permitted or allowed, for example:subject + must not + main verb Passengers must not talk to the driver. Exercise: I mustn't forget my keys. _____________________ You mustn't disturb him. _____________________
- 13. Have to Have To "Have to" is used to express certainty, necessity, and obligation. Examples: This answer has to be correct. Certainty Exercise: The soup has to be stirred continuously to prevent burning. Necessity _______________ They have to leave early. Obligation ________________
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