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- 1. 1 Citizens for Accountable Governance www.indiancag.org
- 2. Stepping stones: Enhancing the quality of primary education Education needs India’s future is brightening day by day but what happen if its future generation will deal in dark Team details Team name: - Pran (Bharat badalne ka) Team coordinator: Prasoon Verma Member 1: Navneet Singh Member2: Akash Chaurasia Member3: Rohit Sharma Member4: Ravi Tiwari 2 Citizens for Accountable Governance www.indiancag.org
- 3. Introduction The key concern about education, in any formal educational system, of all time, has been its quality. Every stake holder, direct or indirect, of education is concerned about its quality. Guardians or parents, irrespective of their socio-economic status, want to educate their children with best quality education which would add better value to the degrees their wards acquire subject to the budget constraints. But what do we mean by ‘quality education? How this quality is being assessed? What is the status of the quality of education in India? This project seeks to focus on these issues with respect to the quality of primary education in India. The scenario of primary education in India is students are not in a position to read, write and do a simple arithmetic problem even after completing the primary level education. The learning achievement of the student is very poor in all Indian states whether it is educationally backward or forward The National Knowledge Commission (2007) has been emphasizing on ‘quality primary education’ for making India as a knowledge society in the world. The quality of education mainly depends upon physical infrastructure, qualified and competent teachers, curriculum and instructional materials, support materials and equipments, teaching learning strategies, comprehensive and continuous evaluation and effective management. Unfortunately in our country, where 90 per cent of our primary schools are run by government, most of them are situated in rural areas; lack the average criteria for quality education. 3 Citizens for Accountable Governance www.indiancag.org
- 4. India being a very vast country comprising of most of the young intelligent minds yet lacks in providing Primary education to every young child The low learning achievement problem in India mostly due to the combination of following factors: • Most of the primary schools are shelter less. • The schools with buildings have insufficient accommodation. • Students mostly sit on mats/tats. • High pupil-teacher ratio. • Textbooks for teachers, which contain the methods for teaching for every unit of the curriculum, are not provided in time. • Teaching aids are very old. Information and Communication Technology (ICT) is still not used for teaching in primary education which is recognized as very effective for learning. • The teachers of public schools often participate in political activity or other profitable activity rather than concentrating in teaching the pupils. • Most of rural areas of India have their own local dialect. In many states the use of mother tongue as medium of instruction is not followed strictly. This is particularly so in case of the students belonging to linguistic minorities. The students belonging to the linguistic minorities have to study in the language of the linguistic majority of the state. 4 Citizens for Accountable Governance www.indiancag.org
- 5. • Political nature of appointment of the primary teachers is largely responsible for poor quality of teaching. • Resource materials are never provided in adequate quantity. • Community support is at the very low. • A high absentee rate of the students in primary school particularly in rural areas. • Co-curricular activities have not been given due importance as the teachers of the primary schools particularly of public schools and rural areas consider them as wastage of valuable time. As a result, making learning a fun for the students is not done. • Inspection system for primary education has become only a ritual. •Curriculum of primary education is hardly matches the surroundings of the students in which they live. As a result, students often suffer from fish-out-of- water syndrome leading to a high drop-out rate. Education is a backbone to a country to its development so we must be focused to improve and work for the betterment of education 5 Citizens for Accountable Governance www.indiancag.org
- 6. To be great ones need improvement and for improvement its never too be late For improving quality, the concerned authorities need to emphasis on the following issues: •Early childhood education is extremely important and must be universalized. •A relevant curriculum. •Accurate assessment of learning outcomes. •Participatory management of education system. •Engaging local communities. •Using ICT in teaching learning process •Training of teachers and administrators of ICT. •District Institute of Education and Training (DIETs) and State Council of Educational Research and Training (SCERT) need to be more strengthened and undergo structural changes. •Establishment of a National Primary Education Assessment system like National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC) for Higher education. •Strengthening the teacher training institution. • Reform in examination system. •Proficiency in English is widely perceived as an important avenue for employment and upward knowledge, which also greatly facilitates the pursuit of higher education. English should be incorporated into the curriculum of primary schools as a language subject. •Special strategies needs to be devised to ensure greater access to schools for children in backward regions, remote locations, children belonging to SC/ST and Muslim communities and other backward caste (OBC). •Substantially higher public spending is required for quality primary education. • There should be transparent, norm-based and straightforward procedures for the recognition of private schools. 6 Citizens for Accountable Governance www.indiancag.org
- 7. •Community participating in monitoring the primary education. • Parent-teacher association. •Rigorous implementation of the inspection system. •Optimizing the pupil teacher ratio. •Developing new teaching learning strategies. •Developing the infrastructure of primary education. •Appointment of duly qualified teachers in primary level. • Appointment of female teachers and teachers in disadvantaged and rural areas. Local qualified applicants need to be preferred. •District based educational planning and implementation body needs to be formed. 7 Citizens for Accountable Governance www.indiancag.org
- 8. 8 Citizens for Accountable Governance www.indiancag.org Facts and figures about primary education in India 44% of India's population are children. India spends only 3.3 percent of its GDP on education, compared to an average 5.8 percent in developed countries. GOI had made a commitment to spend 6% of GDP on education in 1968, however the highest spend made so far is 4% of GDP. In India, 50% of children aged 6-18 do not go to school Of the 32 million children that began school in 2004, less than half will complete the compulsory 8 years of education. The common reasons given by 3 out of four drop-outs for leaving school are a) High cost of private education b) Need to work to support their families c) No interest in studies. Dropout rates increase alarmingly in class III to V - its 50% for boys, 58% for girls. oSince 2001, the government’s flagship elementary education program, the Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan, has helped to bring some 20 million children into school; most of them are first-generation learners. In India, education has been made free for children from 6 to 14 years of age (up to Class 8), under the Right of Children to Free and Compulsory Education Act 2009. A study found that 65% of schoolchildren in Hyderabad slums attend private schools. This proves the fact that even the poorest in India go to private schools in spite of the free education in government schools.
- 9. Citizens for Accountable Governance www.indiancag.org 9 Implementation over the proposed solution 1. Government should make new policies to modify our education system like a. Made change in curriculum according to the new changes and which matches with their environment as well. b. Add yoga, meditation, music classes in their day to day activities which helps in reducing stress. c. Appointment of teachers should be fair 2. Government has to come forward to aware people about education 3. Some types of moral classes has to be arranged weekly to teach about our culture and values 4. Chewing of pan masala by teachers or any staff of school should be banned in school premises it has a bad impact on children 5. Some sort of training classes has been organised for teachers to update them with new latest techniques of teaching 6. All sort of political activities should be stop in school 7. Regular check should be done by government to ensure the quality in primary education 8. Recruit more teachers to maintain teacher pupil ratio
- 10. Citizens for Accountable Governance www.indiancag.org 10 Impact of solution 1. It will improves more than 220 million lives 2. Improvement of country 3. Recruitment in teaching lines give employment to many 4. It can be proven helpful in tackling many more problems of country and can take country to new heights
- 11. Citizens for Accountable Governance www.indiancag.org 11 Appendixes References Feignbaum, A.V. (1983). Total quality Control. McGraw Hill: New York Government of India.(2004). Selected Educational Statistics 2004-05, Ministry of Human Resource Development: New Delhi. The Government of India. (2007) National Knowledge Commission-Recommendation on School Education. New Concept Information Systems Pvt. Ltd.: New Delhi (http://www.knowledgecommission.gov.in) India Lobour Report 2007, TeamLease Services (http://www.teamlease.com) The Government of India, (As modified up to the 1st dec/07), The Constitution of India., Ministry of Law and Justice. New Delhi. (htttp://lawmin.nic.in/coi/coiason29july08.pdf) Juran,J.M and F.M. Gryna Jr(eds) (1988). Juran’s Quality Control Handbook (4th ed). McGraw Hill: New York. Mukhopadhyay, Marmar (2001). Total Quality Management in Education. NIEPA Publication Unit: New Delhi. Peteres, T.J. and R.H. Waterman Jr. (1982). In Search of Excellence. Harper and Row: New York. Universal Declaration of Human Rights (1948). (www.unhchr.ch/udhr/) World Bank. (1997). Pakistan towards a Strategy for Elementary Education. Report No. 16670 - Pak. (http://www.moe.gov.pk/soq.pdf)