Present perfect simple and continuous
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This document provides instruction on using the present perfect and present perfect continuous tenses in English. It outlines several uses of the present perfect, including for past experiences with no specific time reference, finished actions connected to the present, and expressions like "already" or "yet." It also discusses using the present perfect continuous for actions that started in the past and continue to the present, or actions that have just finished but have present results. The key difference between the present perfect and present perfect continuous is that the present perfect emphasizes completion of an action while the continuous emphasizes the continuation of an action.
Present perfect simple and continuous
- 1. PRESENT PERFECT PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS NEF UI UNIT 1C
- 2. USE THE PRESENT PERFECT • PAST EXPERIENCES (no specific time reference) I’ve been to Australia twice Have you ever broken your leg?
- 3. PRESENT PERFECT HAVE/HAS + PAST PARTICIPLE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS HAVE/HAS + BEEN + VERB-ING
- 4. USE THE PRESENT PERFECT • FINISHED ACTIONS (no specific time reference) CONNECTED WITH THE PRESENT My sister’s had a baby Look, I’ve cut my finger
- 5. USE THE PRESENT PERFECT • WITH ALREADY, JUST, YET A. Have you finished yet? B. Yes, I have already finished C. No, I haven’t finished yet D. Phew! I have just finished
- 6. USE THE PRESENT PERFECT • WITH SUPERLATIVES AND THE FIRST/ SECOND/ LAST TIME … It‘s the best book I’ve ever read It’s the first time we’ve done this
- 7. USE THE PRESENT PERFECT • WITH HOW LONG? AND FOR/SINCE WITH NON-ACTION VERBS TO SAY THAT SOMETHING STARTED IN THE PAST IS STILL TRUE NOW How long have you known her? I’ve known her since I was a child She’s had the job for 6 months
- 8. USE THE PRESENT PERFECT • WHEN WE SAY/ASK HOW MUCH/MANY? WE HAVE DONE OR HOW OFTEN? WE HAVE DONE SMTHG UP TO NOW (connection with the present) How many of these books have you read? She’s been out twice this week
- 9. USE THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS • WITH HOW LONG? AND FOR/SINCE WITH ACTION VERBS TO SAY THAT SOMETHING STARTED IN THE PAST IS STILL HAPPENING NOW How long has this been going on? I’ve been working here for two months
- 10. USE THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS • FOR REPEATED ACTIONS THAT STARTED IN THE PAST AND STILL CONTINUE, ESPECIALLY WITH A TIME EXPRESSION (RECENTLY, ALL DAY…) I haven’t been sleeping well recently It’s been raining on and off all day
- 11. USE THE PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS • FOR CONTINUOUS ACTIONS WHICH HAVE JUST FINISHED BUT HAVE PRESENT RESULTS A. Take your shoes off. They’re filthy. B. Yes, I know. I’ve been working in the garden
- 12. PRESENT PERFECT OR PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS? • WITH HOW LONG? FOR/SINCE YOU CAN USE BOTH, BUT PPC FOR SHORTER, MORE TEMPORARY ACTIONS We’ve lived/We’ve been living here since 1980 We’ve been living here for two months
- 13. PRESENT PERFECT SIMPLE OR PRESENT PERFECT CONTINUOUS? • THE PPS EMPHASIZES THE COMPLETION OF AN ACTION. THE PPC THE CONTINUATION OF AN ACTION. We’ve painted the kitchen (painting finished) We’ve been painting the kitchen (painting probably not finished)