The document contrasts simple and progressive verb tenses using examples of common actions. In the simple tense, the examples describe actions in general or habitual terms like "the dog barks" or "Messi plays soccer." The progressive tense uses "is/are + verb+ing" to depict the actions as ongoing processes happening at the time of description, such as "the dog is barking" or "Messi is playing in a Spanish team." The progressive tense emphasizes the temporary or continuous nature of the actions.