presentation on line graph
- 3. WHAT IS A LINE GRAPH? line chart. visualize the value of something over time. compare two variables(plotted along an axis). vertical axis and a horizontal axis. x-axis is the independent axis. y-axis is the dependent axis,
- 4. WHAT DOES A LINE GRAPH SHOWS? How functions change. Specific values of data. Trends in data clearly. predictions.
- 5. HOW TO DESCRIBE A LINE GRAPH? • What exactly does the graph show? • What are the axes and what are the units? • What similarities and differences are there? • what changed? • How much did it change?
- 6. The graph below shows the number of books read by men and women at Burnaby Public Library from 2011 to 2014. Summaries the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
- 7. PARAPHRASING THE FIRST SENTENCE: The graph gives information about Burnaby Public Library between 2011 and 2014. It shows how many library books people read over this four-year period.
- 8. OVERVIEW As can be seen from the graph, there were different trends for men and women. The number of books read by men increased steadily between 2011 and 2012, from about 3000 to 4000. After that, the number rose dramatically to 14000 books in 2014. This was the highest figure in the period. Women started off reading more books than men, but their numbers followed a different pattern. Between 2011 and 2012, there was an increase of 3000 from 5000 books to 8000 books, and then a gradual rise to 10000 books in 2013. However, in 2014, their numbers fell back to 8000 again. Overall, there was a strong upward trend in the number of books read by men. Although women read more books than men in 2011, their reading fell to below the level of men in 2014.
- 9. VOCABULARIES: Other words for increased or grew are rose and went up. How? increased dramatically, significantly, considerably, rapidly, substantially, steadily, sharply, markedly, greatly, slightly, exponentially, proportionally, strongly grew rapidly, steadily, slowly, gradually, dramatically, substantially, enormously, quickly rose sharply, slowly, steadily, slightly, rapidly, quickly, dramatically, significantly, substantially, gently, fractionally, considerably, gradually went up The above adverbs are not usually used with "went up".
- 10. • Adverbs can be used with these words 1. remain (-ed) unchanged, steady, stable, constant, plateau, fixed/static 2. fall (fell, fallen), decrease (-ed), drop (dropped), plunge (-ed), decline (-ed), slight (slightly), steady (steadily), gradual (gradually), gentle (gently), slow (slowly) downward trend
- 11. WHAT TO DO IN IELTS? • Using phrases for introduction, summaries and changes. • Using adjectives and adverbs. • Passive to active. • Active to passive. • Avoiding personal opinion. • Agreement of subject-verb.
- 12. ULTIMATE GOALS • Task achievement. • Coherence and cohesion. • Lexical resource. • Grammatical range and accuracy.
- 14. HOW TO ANSWER THIS TASK? Introduce the line graph. Give an overview. Apart from obvious trends, see some less noticeable features. Describe each change on the graph in a separate paragraph.
- 15. MODEL ANSWER The line graph shows growth in the consumption of renewable energy during the period 1949-2008 in the USA. The results are also broken down by source. The first thing to note is that renewable energy use more than doubled over the period, with particularly strong growth in biofuels. This sector did not exist in 1980 but experienced a steep rise during the 2000s to over one quadrillion Btu per year. This made biofuels a serious challenger to both wood and hydroelectric power, which both saw only limited growth overall. The former grew steadily between 1975 and 1985, but then slipped back to around its original level of 1.8 quadrillion Btu. The latter began the period at the same level as wood but experienced more substantial growth. However, it also fell back to around 2 quadrillion Btu, with a particularly sharp drop in the late 1990s. Finally, wind power emerged late in the period but showed a gradual rise to around 0.5 quadrillion Btu, suggesting that it, along with biofuels, will replace wood and hydroelectricity as the main sources of renewable every in the future.