presentation on type of toplogy and network
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This document summarizes different types of computer networks and their topologies. It describes local area networks (LANs) which connect computers in a small area like a building, and wide area networks (WANs) that connect LANs over longer distances. Common network topologies are also outlined, including bus, star, ring and tree configurations. The presentation provides examples of each network type and discusses their advantages and disadvantages.
presentation on type of toplogy and network
- 1. Presentation on types of Networks and its Topologies Presented By Puja Agrawal
- 2. What is Network A network consists of 2 or more computers connected together, and they can communicate and share resources (e.g. information)
- 3. Types of Network LAN WAN MAN Peer- to - Peer
- 4. LAN and WAN Local Area Network (LAN) Small network, short distance A room, a floor, a building Limited by no. of computers and distance covered Usually one kind of technology throughout the LAN Serve a department within an organization Examples: • Network inside the Student Computer Room • Network inside your home
- 5. Wide Area Network (WAN) A network that uses long-range telecommunication links to connect 2 or more LANs/computers housed in different places far apart. Towns, states, countries Examples: • Network of our Campus • Internet WAN
- 6. Example of WAN: Broadband Cable Network Cable TV services have been extensively developed in most modern cities Cable TV companies try to make use of their coaxial cable installed (that are supposed to carry TV signals) to deliver broadband data services Many cable network wiring has been replaced with hybrid fiber-coax (HFC) ― i.e. use of fiber-optic cable to connect to the subscribers’ buildings, and then the original coaxial cable to connect to each household
- 7. Example WAN technologies: • ISDN – Integrated Service Digital Network • Basic rate: 192 Kbps Primary rate: 1.544Mbps • T-Carriers ― basically digital phone lines • T1: 1.544Mbps T3: 28T1 • Frame relay • Each link offers 1.544Mbps or even higher • ATM – Asynchronous Transfer Mode • Support B-ISDN: 155Mbps or 622Mbps or higher • SONET – Synchronous Optical Network • Basic rate OC1: 51.84Mbps • Support OC12 and up to OC192 (9953.28Mbps) or even higher in the future
- 8. Metropolitan-area network (MAN) The communication infrastructures that have been developed in and around large cities
- 9. Peer-to-Peer Networks • Peer-to-peer network is also called workgroup • No hierarchy among computers all are equal • No administrator responsible for the network Peer-to-peer
- 10. Peer-to-Peer Networks Advantages of peer-to-peer networks: • Low cost • Simple to configure • User has full accessibility of the computer Disadvantages of peer-to-peer networks: • May have duplication in resources • Difficult to uphold security policy • Difficult to handle uneven loading Where peer-to-peer network is appropriate: • 10 or less users • No specialized services required • Security is not an issue • Only limited growth in the foreseeable future
- 11. Topology ― 4 basic types • How so many computers are connected together? Bus Topology Ring Topology Star Topology Hub Tree Topplogy
- 12. Bus Topology A single cable called a trunk (backbone, segment). Only one computer can send messages at a time Bus topology advantages: – It is inexpensive – It is easy to design and implement because the stations are simply daisy-chained together Bus topology disadvantages: – It is difficult to troubleshoot – It requires termination
- 13. Star Topology The star network configuration is the most popular physical topology In a star configuration, all computers or stations are wired directly to a central location: – Concentrator (a.k.a. hub) – Multistation Access Unit (MAU) A data signal from any station goes directly to this central device, which transmits the signal according to the established network access method for the type of network
- 14. Star topology advantages: – A break in one cable does not affect all other stations as it does in bus technologies – Problems are easier to locate because symptoms often point to one station – The second-easiest topology to design and install – Does not require manual termination • Instead the media is terminated in the station at the transceiver on the NIC and in the hub or MAU
- 15. • Star topology disadvantages: – Hubs, which are required for a star topology, are more expensive than bus connectors – A failure at the hub can affect the entire configuration and all connected stations – Uses more cable than bus topologies
- 16. Ring Topology Every computer serves as a repeater to boost signals Advantages It prevents network collisions Each station functions as a repeater, so the topology does not require additional network hardware, such as hubs Disadvantages • Difficult to add computers • More expensive • If one computer fails, whole network fails
- 17. Tree Topology • Tree topologies integrate multiple star topologies together onto a bus.
- 18. Advantages of a Tree Topology • Point-to-point wiring for individual segments. • Supported by several hardware and software venders. Disadvantages of a Tree Topology • Overall length of each segment is limited by the type of cabling used. • If the backbone line breaks, the entire segment goes down. • More difficult to configure and wire than other topologies.