Presentation skills
- 2. Presentations are often ● BORING ● CONFUSING ● UNCONVINCING
- 3. What To Do? 1. Have a clear goal 2. Use a story structure
- 4. But I must warn you.. THIS IS NOT ABOUT TELLING STORIES! BUT IT IS ABOUT STRUCTURING YOUR PRESENTATION AS A STORY
- 5. Stories are ● INTERESTING ● EASY TO UNDERSTAND ● CONVINCING Comprehension was 50% higher for information presented in story form than for similar information presented in any of the expository forms we studied. J. DAVID COOPER
- 6. What’s a story structure? • There are three rules for writing novels. Unfortunately, nobody knows what they are. Somerset Maugham Writer
- 7. The Three Rules are 1. GOAL 2. PROBLEM AND CONFLICT 3. SOLUTION
- 8. How do we create conflict? THESIS MAIN POINT ANTITHESIS COUNTERPOINT
- 9. Thesis Buy this laptop computer
- 10. Anthesis • Buy a computer desktop
- 11. Anthesis • Buy a tablet
- 13. Four ways to create CONFLICT 1) There’s a problem 2) They are the problem 3) We are the problem 4) Your thinking is the problem
- 14. There is a problem No one’s Problem
- 16. They are the problem The Competitors
- 17. The MacBook Air presentation Case Study
- 23. Your competition should have a chance to win
- 24. We are the problem
- 26. Discuss counter- arguments Obvious counter-arguments Non-obvious counter- arguments for intelligent and critical audience Ask uncomfortable questions
- 27. Your thinking is the problem
- 34. How can I be more confident? • CONVINCE YOURSELF BEFORE CONVINCING OTHERS
- 35. What is a convincing evidence?
- 38. Why We should open a burger restaurant? Causal: Less competition as there are no burger restaurants in the neighborhood Anecdotal: My brother opened a burger restaurant, and he made millions Statistical: According to the data, it’s the most profitable kind of fast food Expert: Experts say that burgers are hip and trendy
- 39. Causal Evidence = Logical •Deductive •Inductive •Abductive
- 40. Deductive • All children are creative. • Peter is a child. • Therefore, Peter is creative.
- 41. Deductive IN DEDUCTIVE ARGUMENTS CONCLUSION FOLLOWS WITH 100% CERTAINTY. ALL CONCLUSIONS ARE EQUALLY STRONG, BUT ONE SHOULD ALWAYS QUESTION THE PREMISE. فانا اكذب ال دمت ما الحقيقة أقول
- 42. Inductive • My son is creative. • Your daughter is creative. • All children are creative. • There could be stronger and weaker arguments.
- 43. Abductive • you take away the best explanation in abduction • Children are creative. • Peter is creative. • Peter is probably a child • (or at least have certain child-like qualities) • There could be stronger and weaker arguments.
- 44. 2 - Anecdotal Story telling
- 46. A story is a great motivator but it’s a weak evidence
- 47. THE HIERARC HY OF EVIDENC E in medical practice 1. Systematic reviews and meta-analyses 2. Randomized controlled trials with definitive results 3. Randomized controlled trials with non- definitive results 4. Cohort studies 5. Case-control studies 6. Cross sectional surveys 7. Case reports
- 48. 3 - Statistical
- 49. Few questions to ask • Who did the study? • Was research peer-reviewed? • Is it just one study? • Who was asked? Students are not always the best subjects • Should we even ask? People lie and misjudge their actions routinely
- 50. How much TV do people watch? SELF-REPORT: 7 HOURS PER WEEK NIELSEN: 5 HOURS PER WEEK
- 51. To sum up 1. Statistical evidence is the most robust 2. But it’s not immune from mistakes 3. Try to come up with a measure of certainty
- 52. 4- Expert
- 53. An expert quote is a shortcut to statistics Or at least it should be
- 54. Problems with expert evidence ✤ The authority is misquoted ✤ The authority is outside his/her area ✤ The area of expertise is vague
- 55. FEW QUESTIONS TO ASK • Is the quote accurate? • Is the authority in his/her area of expertise? • Is there an area of expertise? • ‘’Evil is the result of what happens when man does not have God's love present in his heart.” ALBERT EINSTEIN
- 56. To Sum up 1. Could be weak or strong depending on person/context 2. The expert should be in his/her area of expertise 3. The area of expertise should be well-defined 4. The quote should be accurate
- 57. Finally STATISTICS To prove EXPERT QUOTES As a shortcut to statistics STORIES To explain and to produce emotional impact LOGICAL CONCLUSIONS If you have nothing else