Presentation Slides
- 1. Social Psychology Tung Siew Hui, Jiji Ng, Jason Goh KokWei, Chin Cheong Soon
- 2. 5 Concepts Incorporated in Class ▪ Discrimination ▪ Halo Effect ▪ Optimism Bias and CounterfactualThinking ▪ Self-fulfilling Prophecy ▪ Social Loafing
- 3. Video Clip: First-hand Approach to University Environment
- 4. Stereotype-Discrimination: Tattoo Irrational behavioural disposition towards group or its members – disparagement: o based on society’s consequential values o lack of mutuality between discriminating and discriminated individuals. o impulsive categorization of discriminating individual; not the actual values of discriminated individual. Manifestations of hostility: o verbal: professing the barbarity of tattooing individual o non-verbal: disrespected reflection in facial and viewing expression Prejudicial thinking: o avoidance of contact o renunciation of equality
- 5. Cognitive Bias–Halo Effect: New Relationship Tendency to view peer holistically by means of social norms, initiated by peer’s positive, specific trait, is due to: o conceptual bias: nonconformity in reasoning about ambiguous group’s belief, desire and intention. o cognitive predisposition: deep-rooted perception of former trait.
- 6. Optimism Bias and Counterfactual Thinking: Academic Result Optimistic bias: exaggeration of positive occurrence for difficult occasions, as in: o planning fallacy: tendency of generating optimistic predictions about task management. Counterfactual thinking: susceptibility of comparing situational alternatives with current occurrence via automatic and active cognition processing, as in: o downward counterfactual thinking: comparison associated with positive feelings on present outcomes with less favourable ones
- 7. Self-fulfilling Prophecy: Academic Performance Self-fulfilling prophecy: Positive or negative expectation affected target to create situations in the expectation’s fulfilment. o realisation and internalisation of perceiver’s behaviour based on classification of behaviour, occasioning target being “socially reconstructed”, because: o educator’s behaviour redirect student’s belief of learning in motivation, achievement and behaviour.
- 8. Social Loafing: Group Assignment Tendency of individuals to dedicate lesser effort in the contribution of group task, due to: o lacking motivation in task drive o unproductive group expectation on member’s negligence o diffusion of responsibility due to bystander effect