Principles of information security Chapter 1 (1).ppt
- 1. Chapter 1: Information Security Fundamentals
- 2. ’ Objectives • Identify the challenges for information security • Define information security • Explain the importance of information security • List and define information security terminology • Describe the CompTIA Security+ certification exam • Describe information security careers
- 3. Difficulties in Defending against Attacks • Computer Emergency Response Team (CERT) security organization compiles statistics regarding number of reported attacks, including: – Speed of attacks – Greater sophistication of attacks: The increasing sophistication of cyber attacks can put even the most protected security operations under threat. The highly-trained and globally experienced professionals provide the highest standards of forensic investigation and analysis against compromised networks and end user IT devices see the link: https://securityboulevard.com/2019/09/7-sophisticated-cyber-attacks-that- are-growing-in-2019/ – Simplicity of attack tools – Attackers can detect vulnerabilities more quickly and more readily exploit these vulnerabilities – Delays in patching hardware and software products – Most attacks are now distributed attacks, instead of coming from only one source
- 4. Difficulties in Defending against Attacks (continued)
- 5. • Security can be considered as a state of freedom from a danger or risk • This state or condition of freedom exists because protective measures are established and maintained • Information security • The tasks of guarding information that is in a digital format • Ensures that protective measures are properly implemented • Cannot completely prevent attacks or guarantee that a system is totally secure Defining Information Security (continued)
- 6. • Information security is intended to protect information that has value to people and organizations – This value comes from the characteristics of the information: • Confidentiality • Integrity • Availability • Information security is achieved through a combination of three entities Defining Information Security (continued)
- 7. • Confidentiality: Prevention of unauthorized disclosure of information. Or keeping unwanted parties from accessing assets of a computer system Also known as: secrecy or privacy • Integrity: Prevention of unauthorized modification of information. • Availability: Prevention of unauthorized withholding of information or resources. Or keeping system available Defining Information Security (continued)
- 10. ’‘ • A more comprehensive definition of information security is: – That which protects the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of information on the devices that store, manipulate, and transmit the information through products, people, and procedures integrity, confidentiality, and availability (Security properties/requirements) store, manipulate, and transmit (Information States ) products, people, and procedures (Security Measures ) Defining Information Security (continued)
- 12. Understanding the Importance of Information Security • Information security is important to businesses: – Prevents data theft – Avoids legal consequences of not securing information (المعلومات تأمين لعدم القانونية العواقب )تجنب – Maintains productivity ( ال حف ا اإلنتاجية على ظ ) – Foils cyberterrorism (السيبراني اإلرهاب )إحباط – Thwarts identity theft (الهوية سرقة )إحباط
- 13. Preventing Data Theft • Security often associated with theft prevention • Drivers install security systems on their cars to prevent the cars from being stolen • Same is true with information security—businesses cite preventing data theft as primary goal of information security • Theft of data is single largest cause of financial loss due to a security breach • One of the most important objectives of information security is to protect important business and personal data from theft
- 14. Avoiding Legal Consequences • Businesses that fail to protect data may face serious penalties • Laws include: – The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) – The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (Sarbox) – The Cramm-Leach-Blilely Act (GLBA) – USA PATRIOT Act 2001
- 15. Maintaining Productivity • After an attack on information security, clean-up efforts divert resources, such as time and money away from normal activities • A Corporate IT Forum survey of major corporations showed: – Each attack costs a company an average of $213,000 in lost man-hours and related costs – One-third of corporations reported an average of more than 3,000 man-hours lost
- 17. • An area of growing concern among defense experts are surprise attacks by terrorist groups using computer technology and the Internet (cyberterrorism) • These attacks could cripple a nation’s electronic and commercial infrastructure • Our challenge in combating cyberterrorism is that many prime targets are not owned and managed by the federal government Foiling Cyberterrorism
- 18. Thwarting Identity Theft • Identity theft involves using someone’s personal information, such as social security numbers, to establish bank or credit card accounts that are then left unpaid, leaving the victim with the debts and ruining their credit rating • National, state, and local legislation continues to be enacted to deal with this growing problem – The Fair and Accurate Credit Transactions Act of 2003 is a federal law that addresses identity theft
- 19. ’’ Security+ Guide to Network Security Fundamentals, Third Edition Information Security Terminology (continued) • Asset – Something that has a value • Threat – An event or object that may defeat the security measures in place and result in a loss • Threat agent – A person or thing that has the power to carry out a threat
- 20. ’‘ Security+ Guide to Network Security Fundamentals, Third Edition Information Security Terminology (continued) • Vulnerability – Weakness that allows a threat agent to bypass security • Risk – The likelihood that a threat agent will exploit a vulnerability – Realistically, risk cannot ever be entirely eliminated
- 21. Information Security Terminology (continued) ’³ Security+ Guide to Network Security Fundamentals, Third Edition
- 22. Information Security Terminology (continued) ’9 Security+ Guide to Network Security Fundamentals, Third Edition
- 23. ’‘ Security+ Guide to Network Security Fundamentals, 2e Exploring the CompTIA Security+ Certification Exam (continued) • Since 1982, the Computing Technology Industry Association (CompTIA) has been working to advance the growth of the IT industry • CompTIA is the world’s largest developer of vendor- neutral IT certification exams • The CompTIA Security+ certification tests for mastery in security concepts and practices
- 24. ’T Security+ Guide to Network Security Fundamentals, 2e Exploring the CompTIA Security+ Certification Exam (continued) • The Security+ exam is an internationally recognized validation of foundation-level security skills and knowledge Used by organizations and security professionals around the world • The six domains covered by the Security+ exam: – Systems Security, Network Infrastructure, Access Control, Assessments and Audits, Cryptography, and Organizational Security
- 25. ’M Security+ Guide to Network Security Fundamentals, 2e Surveying Information Security Careers • Information security is one of the fastest growing career fields • As information attacks increase, companies are becoming more aware of their vulnerabilities and are looking for ways to reduce their risks and liabilities
- 26. ’R Security+ Guide to Network Security Fundamentals, 2e Surveying Information Security Careers (continued) • Sometimes divided into three general roles: – Security manager develops corporate security plans and policies, provides education and awareness, and communicates with executive management about security issues – Security engineer designs, builds, and tests security solutions to meet policies and address business needs – Security administrator configures and maintains security solutions to ensure proper service levels and availability
- 27. ‘t Security+ Guide to Network Security Fundamentals, 2e Summary • The challenge of keeping computers secure is becoming increasingly difficult • Attacks can be launched without human intervention and infect millions of computers in a few hours • Information security protects the integrity, confidentiality, and availability of information on the devices that store, manipulate, and transmit the information through products, people, and procedures
- 28. ‘’ Security+ Guide to Network Security Fundamentals, 2e Summary (continued) • Information security has its own set of terminology • A threat is an event or an action that can defeat security measures and result in a loss • Many organizations use the CompTIA Security+ certification to verify security competency