Principles of peacebuilding to lecture
- 1. Principles ofPrinciples of PeacebuildingPeacebuilding and Conflict Resolutionand Conflict Resolution By: Mut Somoeun, M.EdBy: Mut Somoeun, M.Ed
- 2. 2 All people desire to live inAll people desire to live in a world of peace anda world of peace and harmony.harmony.
- 3. 3 BuddhaBuddha “We are what we think. All that we are arises with our thoughts. With our thoughts, we make the world.”
- 4. Conflict Begins within theConflict Begins within the Individual.Individual. SelfishnessUnselfishness
- 5. UNESCO ConstitutionUNESCO Constitution “Since wars begin in the minds of men, it is in the minds of men that the defenses of peace must be constructed.” Preamble
- 7. 7 SelfishnesSelfishnes ss Living only for oneself Lust Exploitation Prejudice Gree d Vengeance Arrogance Basis for conflictBasis for conflict
- 8. 8 UnselfishnUnselfishn essess Living for others Self-control Service Fairness Generosity Forgiveness Humility Basis for harmonyBasis for harmony
- 9. 9 Nelson MandelaNelson Mandela “The first thing is to be honest with yourself. You can never have an impact on society if you have not changed yourself.”
- 10. o Spiritual sources of conflictSpiritual sources of conflict Result of original ancestor’s separation from GodResult of original ancestor’s separation from God and negative influence from evil spiritual forcesand negative influence from evil spiritual forces o Individual sources of conflictIndividual sources of conflict Disunity within the individual and confusion ofDisunity within the individual and confusion of valuesvalues o Family sources of conflictFamily sources of conflict Family dysfunctions affect succeedingFamily dysfunctions affect succeeding generations.generations. o National/international sources of conflictNational/international sources of conflict National policies affect future generations andNational policies affect future generations and can lead to conflict within or between nations.can lead to conflict within or between nations. Sources of ConflictSources of Conflict
- 11. 11 Individual CIndividual Choice:oice: To resolve or repeat pastTo resolve or repeat past conflictsconflicts Past Future Each person passes on either the problem or the solution.
- 12. Does Fighting ResolveDoes Fighting Resolve Conflict?Conflict? Fighting can be necessaryFighting can be necessary For self-defenseFor self-defense To defend the weakTo defend the weak Fighting does not resolve conflictFighting does not resolve conflict Defeating an enemy does not answerDefeating an enemy does not answer his grievances or end his hatred.his grievances or end his hatred. The defeated are tempted to seekThe defeated are tempted to seek revenge.revenge.
- 13. Basis for ConflictBasis for Conflict ResolutionResolution Lost Restored State of Conflic t State of Harmony Indemnity conditions:Indemnity conditions: Efforts to reverse theEfforts to reverse the process by which theprocess by which the original harmony was lost.original harmony was lost.
- 14. Restoration of ConflictRestoration of Conflict Unselfishness Selfishness Right Wrong Broken Relationship Loving Relationship
- 15. Steps in Conflict ResolutionSteps in Conflict Resolution Step 1.Step 1. Self reflection &Self reflection & reorientationreorientation o Consider how one might haveConsider how one might have dealt with the problemdealt with the problem differently.differently. o Take responsibility for one’sTake responsibility for one’s contribution to the conflict.contribution to the conflict.
- 16. 16 “We never get rid of an enemy by meeting hate with hate; we get rid of an enemy by getting rid of enmity.” Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.
- 17. Steps in ConflictSteps in Conflict ResolutionResolution Step 2.Step 2. Reversal & restitutionReversal & restitution o Address whatever caused the otherAddress whatever caused the other to feel hurt and violated.to feel hurt and violated. o Be open to efforts to reconcile.Be open to efforts to reconcile. o Seek to correct injusticesSeek to correct injustices..
- 18. Steps in Conflict ResolutionSteps in Conflict Resolution Step 3.Step 3. Reconciliation & renewalReconciliation & renewal o Give up claim for retaliation.Give up claim for retaliation. o Forgive and be open to receiveForgive and be open to receive forgiveness.forgiveness. o Resolve to help the other to change.Resolve to help the other to change. o Foster good will.Foster good will.
- 19. Actions That Lead to PeaceActions That Lead to Peace Humility:Humility: - Admitting to not always being right- Admitting to not always being right - Being open to learn from others- Being open to learn from others Generosity:Generosity: - Giving beyond convenience- Giving beyond convenience - Giving unconditionally, without- Giving unconditionally, without expectation of returnexpectation of return Service:Service: - Showing acts of caring to meet others’- Showing acts of caring to meet others’ needsneeds - Respecting the dignity of the recipient- Respecting the dignity of the recipient - Reversing exploitation through service- Reversing exploitation through service
- 20. Giving even to those who have done oneGiving even to those who have done one harmharm o Converts the enemy into a friend.Converts the enemy into a friend. o Reverses ancient patterns ofReverses ancient patterns of abuse and revenge.abuse and revenge. Greatest Act of Love:Greatest Act of Love: Winning over one’s enemyWinning over one’s enemy
- 21. 21 Jesus ChristJesus Christ “I say to you, love your enemies, and pray for those who curse you, do good to those who hate you, and pray for those who persecute you, so that you may be sons of your Father in heaven.” Matthew 5:44-46
- 22. 22 IslamIslam “My Lord, who is the greatest of Thy servants in Thy estimation?” “The one who forgives when he is in a position of power.” Hadith of Baihaqi
- 23. What Is Needed?What Is Needed? LeadershipLeadership centered on truecentered on true lovelove AmbassadorsAmbassadors for Peacefor Peace
- 24. Attitude of an Ambassador forAttitude of an Ambassador for PeacePeace o Show concern for both sides.Show concern for both sides. o Affirm the value of both sides.Affirm the value of both sides. o Gain trust from both sides that each is beingGain trust from both sides that each is being treated fairly.treated fairly. o Aim for a win-win outcome.Aim for a win-win outcome. o Guide both sides beyond blame and accusation.Guide both sides beyond blame and accusation.
- 25. Mediation Skills: Towards theMediation Skills: Towards the OffenderOffender o Help the offender accept responsibility.Help the offender accept responsibility. o Encourage admission of wrong.Encourage admission of wrong. o Help the offender accept the challengeHelp the offender accept the challenge of reconciliation.of reconciliation. o Avoid labeling and blaming.Avoid labeling and blaming. o Praise and offer a second chance.Praise and offer a second chance.
- 26. Mediation Skills: Towards theMediation Skills: Towards the OffendedOffended o Help the offended forgive and releaseHelp the offended forgive and release grudges.grudges. o Help the offended recognize own faults.Help the offended recognize own faults. o Help the offended to accept an apology.Help the offended to accept an apology. o Foster harmony and friendship with theFoster harmony and friendship with the offender.offender.
- 27. Promoting Peace andPromoting Peace and ReconciliationReconciliation o Service programsService programs o Sports competitionsSports competitions o Cultural programsCultural programs o Dialogue between religionsDialogue between religions o Women as peacemakersWomen as peacemakers
- 28. 28 Mahatma GandhiMahatma Gandhi “When I despair, I remember that all through history the ways of truth and love have always won.”
- 29. 29 Anwar SadatAnwar Sadat “Any life that is lost in war is a human life, be it that of an Arab or Israeli. Innocent children who are deprived of the care and compassion of their parents are ours. They are ours, be they living on Arab or Israeli land.” Speech to the Israeli Knesset
- 30. 30 Rev. Sun Myung MoonRev. Sun Myung Moon “The reason why God does not punish an enemy is that He is thinking of the enemy’s parents, wife and children who all love him. When you understand that heart of God, could you take revenge on your enemy?”