Principles Of Radiographic Interpretation
- 2. Interpretation An explanation of what is viewed on dental radiograph The ability to read what is revealed in dental radiograph
- 3. Diagnosis The identification of disease by examination or analysis
- 5. Objectives of radiographic interpretation Detection: presence or absence of disease Description: providing information on the disease according to systematic approach Differentiation: diseases of similar radiographic appearance
- 7. Optimum viewing conditions Essential requirements for interpretation
- 8. Knowledge of what the radiograph should look like Essential requirements for interpretation
- 9. Knowledge of appearance of normal anatomical landmarks as well as variations of normal. Essential requirements for interpretation
- 10. Knowledge of radiographic appearance of pathological conditions affecting the maxillofacial region. Essential requirements for interpretation
- 11. How to interpret a radiographic image?
- 12. L O G I C
- 13. LOGIC Localize the radiograph Observe the shadows of the radiograph General consideration of radiographic facts Interpretation formulation Correlation of radiographic interpretation, history, and clinical findings
- 15. Observe the shadows of the radiograph
- 16. General consideration of radiographic facts
- 17. Interpretation formulation Systematic description and analysis of findings revealed in the radiograph
- 18. Interpretation formulation Site (Location) Shape and Periphery Internal structure Effects on surrounding structures Size Number
- 23. Site (Location)
- 24. Site (Location)
- 25. Shape and Periphery 1. Border 2. Margin 3. Shape
- 26. Shape and Periphery 1. Border Well defined Ill defined
- 27. Shape and Periphery 1. Border Well defined
- 28. Shape and Periphery 1. Border Ill defined
- 29. Shape and Periphery 2. Margin Corticated Non corticated Sclerotic Radiolucent rim
- 30. Shape and Periphery 3. Shape Round Oval Scalloped Irregular Inverted pear Heart shape
- 31. Internal structure Radiodensity Radiolucent Radiopaque Mixed (RL-RO)
- 32. Radiolucent
- 33. Radiopaque
- 34. Mixed (RL-RO)
- 35. Radiolucent Unilocular Multilocular Soap bubble Honey comb Tennis Racket
- 37. Internal structure Soap bubble Honey comb Tennis Racket
- 38. Radiopaque or Mixed Sunray Orange peal Ground glass Cotton wool Driven snow
- 40. Effects on surrounding structures Teeth Bone
- 41. Effects on surrounding structures Teeth Widening of Periodontal membrane space Loss of lamina dura Root resorption Tooth displacement Root divergence Hindering of tooth eruption
- 42. Effects on surrounding structures Bone Expansion Thinning Erosion & perforation Displacement of cortices Obliteration of max. sinus
- 43. Size Small – medium – large – Huge Measured in centimeters
- 44. Number Single Multiple: Systemic (blood or endocrinal diseases) Syndromes
- 45. Again Interpretation does not equal diagnosis
- 47. Special Investigations Conventional radiographs (periapical- occlusal- panoramic-lateral oblique-etc…) Advanced imaging modalities (CT-MRI- US-etc….) Biopsy (aspiration-smear-incisional- excisional) Blood analysis Urine analysis
- 48. Diagnosis Non differential diagnosis Differential diagnosis
- 50. Diagnosis Differential diagnosis How to differentiate between different lesions which have similar radiographic appearance
- 51. Wood and Goaz Classification Radiolucencies Periapical Pericoronal Interradicular Solitary cyst-like lesions Multilocular Ill defined Multiple separate Generalized rarefaction Mixed (RL-RO) Periapical Pericoronal Not necessarily contacting the teeth Radiopacities • Periapical • Not necessarily contacting the teeth • Multiple • Generalized