Print based production
- 2. HAND ETCHINGHand etching is a process where you engrave into stone, glass or ceramic tile.
- 3. Hand etching dates back to the early 1900’s.
- 4. To do hand etching well you must use very dark stone to have the contrast with the almost white etching.
- 5. This creates a design to intaglio in the metal. LINOCUTLinocut is a printmaking technique where a sheet of linoleum is used for the relief surface. A design is normally cut into the linoleum surface with a sharp knife, V-shaped chisel or gouge, with the raised uncarved parts create a mirror image of the parts to show printed. The linoleum sheet is inked with a roller ,and then impressed onto paper or fabric. The actual printing can be done by hand or with a press.linoleum as a floor covering dates to the 1860.the linocut printing technique was used first by the artists of DieBrucke in Germany between 1905-13 where it had been similarly used for wallpaper printing.
- 6. INTAGLIOIntaglio is a family of printmaking techniques where an image is placed on a surface, these are known as matrix or plate ,these are normally copper or zinc plates that are used as a surface, and are created by etching, engraving, drypoint, aquatint or mezzotint into them. To print an intaglio plate, ink is applied to the surface and then rubbed with tarlatan cloth to remove most of the excess ink leftover. The final smooth wipe is often done with a piece of newspaper or old public phone book pages, leaving ink only in the incisions. A damp piece of paper is placed on top and the plate and paper are run through a printing press that, through pressure, transfers the ink from the recesses of the plate to the paper.
- 7. screen printScreen printing is a printing technique that uses a woven mesh to support an ink-blocking stencil. The attached stencil forms open areas of mesh that transfer ink or other printable materials which can be pressed through the mesh as a sharp-edged image onto a substrate. A roller is moved across the screen stencil, forcing ink past the threads of the woven mesh in the open areas.Screen printing is also a stencil method of print making in which a design is imposed on a screen of silk or other fine mesh, with blank areas coated with an impermeable substance, and ink is forced through the mesh onto the printing surface.
- 8. WoodcutWoodcut a relief printing artistic technique in print making where an image is carved into the surface of a block of wood, with the printing parts remaining level with the surface while the non-printing parts are removed. The areas which come up as white are cut away with a knife or chisel, leaving the characters or image to show in black at the original surface level. The block is cut along the grain of the woodThe surface is covered with ink by rolling over the surface with an ink-covered roller leaving ink upon the flat surface but not in the non-printing areas.Multiple colours can be printed by keying the paper to a frame around the woodblocks
- 9. lithography; mechanical, letterpress, gravurescreen process
- 10. LETTER PRESSLetterpress printing is printing of text and image using a press with a something called high type press, printing press and movable type where a raised surface is inked and then pressed into a sheet of paper to keep a positive image. It was the normal way of printing back in the day and the invention was made by Johannes Gutenberg in the mid-15th century till the 19th century until the second half of the 20th century. Letterpress is an impression of inked printmaking blocks such as photo-etched zinc "cuts", linoleum blocks and wood engravings.
- 11. Guarve; digital, eg photocopying, laser printing, inkjet, desktop publishing (DTP), digital screen printing