Privacy Concerns and Social Robots
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The document discusses a study on privacy concerns associated with social robots, presented at the New Friends Conference in Barcelona in November 2016. It reports on a survey conducted with 500 U.S. respondents, highlighting various privacy concerns such as informational and physical privacy issues, as well as bonding concerns related to emotional attachment to robots. The findings indicate that while informational privacy concerns are significant, bonding concerns are less pronounced, suggesting the need for greater awareness and research on these issues.
Privacy Concerns and Social Robots
- 1. Privacy Concerns and Social Robots Presenting New Empirical Evidence New Friends Conference Barcelona, November 3 2016 Christoph Lutz, christoph.lutz@bi.no - @lutzid Aurelia Tamò, @a_a_tamo
- 2. New Friends 2016 Privacy and Social Robots Tamò & Lutz Page 2 Agenda • Background • Survey Methods • Results • Implications & Outlook
- 3. New Friends 2016 Privacy and Social Robots Tamò & Lutz Page 3 Background
- 4. New Friends 2016 Privacy and Social Robots Tamò & Lutz Page 4
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- 10. New Friends 2016 Privacy and Social Robots Tamò & Lutz Page 10 Methods
- 11. New Friends 2016 Privacy and Social Robots Tamò & Lutz Page 11 Data and Method • Amazon Mechanical Turk survey with 500 individuals • Respondents based in the United States • 55% male, 45% female • Most respondents have some college or a Bachelor’s degree (72%) • Most respondents are employed (62%) or self-employed (16%) but some other groups as well (students, unemployed, homemaker)
- 12. New Friends 2016 Privacy and Social Robots Tamò & Lutz Page 12 Robots in Different Social Contexts
- 13. New Friends 2016 Privacy and Social Robots Tamò & Lutz Page 13 Measurement (1/2) Informational Privacy Concerns: Social (3 items) Other users… …engaging in identity theft through the robot …hacking into the robot …stalking me via the robot Informational Privacy Concerns: Institutional (4 items) The robot manufacturer… …insufficiently protecting personal data …tracking and analyzing personal data …selling personal data to third parties …sharing personal data with government agencies
- 14. New Friends 2016 Privacy and Social Robots Tamò & Lutz Page 14 Measurement (2/2) Physical Concerns (5 items) The robot… …damaging or dirtying personal belongings, …asking me personal questions …entering areas it shouldn’t access …using items it shouldn’t use Social Bonding Concerns (4 items) I become too emotionally attached to the robot. I develop too intimate feelings towards the robot. I develop an unhealthy friendship with the robot. I become dependent on the robot.
- 15. New Friends 2016 Privacy and Social Robots Tamò & Lutz Page 15 Results
- 16. New Friends 2016 Privacy and Social Robots Tamò & Lutz Page 16 Informational Privacy Concerns: Social (Other Users) 3.04 3.53 2.93 Identity Theft Hacking Stalking
- 17. New Friends 2016 Privacy and Social Robots Tamò & Lutz Page 17 Informational Privacy Concerns: Institutional (Manufacturer) 3.70 3.71 3.74 3.72 Insufficient Data Protection Tracking and Analyzing Data Selling Data Sharing Data with Government
- 18. New Friends 2016 Privacy and Social Robots Tamò & Lutz Page 18 Physical Privacy Concerns: Robot (1/2) 2.56 1.90 2.14 Damaging or Dirtying Personal Belongings Asking Personal Questions Snooping through Personal Belongings
- 19. New Friends 2016 Privacy and Social Robots Tamò & Lutz Page 19 Physical Privacy Concerns: Robot (2/2) 2.40 2.08 Entering Areas It Shouldn‘t Access Using Items It Shouldn‘t Use
- 20. New Friends 2016 Privacy and Social Robots Tamò & Lutz Page 20 Bonding Privacy Concerns: Robot - User 1.71 Emotional Attachment 1.36 1.52 2.32 Intimate Feelings Unhealthy Friendship Dependence
- 21. New Friends 2016 Privacy and Social Robots Tamò & Lutz Page 21 Summary and Further Findings Type of Concern Average Value (1-5) Informational Privacy Concerns: Social (Other users) 3.17 Informational Privacy Concerns: Institutional (Manufacturer) 3.72 Physical Privacy Concerns 2.25 Bonding Privacy Concerns 1.73 • High correlations between informational privacy concerns: social and informational privacy concerns: institutional • Moderate correlations (0.3) between informational privacy concerns: institutional and physical privacy concerns • Low correlations between bonding privacy concerns and other concerns
- 22. New Friends 2016 Privacy and Social Robots Tamò & Lutz Page 22 Summary and Further Findings • Privacy concerns correlate (weakly but) significantly with users‘ general attitude towards robots. In particular, access concerns have a negative effect. • Access concerns reduce users‘ trust in robots – and/or trust reduces users‘ access concerns. • Interestingly, bonding concerns increase users‘ trust in robots – and/or trust reduces users‘ bonding concerns.
- 23. New Friends 2016 Privacy and Social Robots Tamò & Lutz Page 23 Implications and Outlook
- 24. New Friends 2016 Privacy and Social Robots Tamò & Lutz Page 24 Implications • Privacy concerns about robots are pronounced among respondents • Necessity to distinguish different types of privacy concerns • Informational privacy concerns: institutional most pronounced ⇒ Robots manufacturers should think about data protection! ⇒ Depiction of robots and AI in popular culture covers aspects most users don’t worry about (bonding). ⇒ Users might underestimate robots’ bonding potential.
- 25. New Friends 2016 Privacy and Social Robots Tamò & Lutz Page 25 Outlook • More (empirical) resarch to be done on robots and privacy • Next step for us: bringing pieces together into a testable model
- 26. New Friends 2016 Privacy and Social Robots Tamò & Lutz Page 26 Thank You For Sharing Your Thoughts Norwegian Business School (BI) Center for Internet & Society Nydalsvn. 37 / N-0442 Oslo