Project Management Basics presentation slides
- 2. What is Management? •Management involves coordinating and overseeing the work activities of others so that their activities are completed efficiently and effectively. •Management is the act of getting things done through people and having them do it willingly. •Management is the process by which a cooperative group directs actions of others toward common goals.
- 3. Management has been defined in various ways. Many eminent authors on the subject have defined the term “management”
- 4. 1- Definitions: According to James L Lundy “Management is principally the task of planning, coordinating, motivating and controlling the efforts of others towards a specific objective”. According to Peter F Drucker “Management is a multi-purpose organ that manages a business and manages managers and manages workers and work”.
- 5. According to Stanley Vance “Management is simply the process of decision- making and control over the actions of human beings for the purpose of attaining predetermined goals”. According to Joseph Massie « Managment is defined as the process by which a cooperative group directs action towards comon goals
- 6. From the above definitions,we conclude that management fulffils the following functions: Formulation of objectives, plans and policies. Collection of people, money, materials, machines and methods. Direction and motivation of employees. Coordination and Cooperation between employees. Supervision and control of performance.
- 7. The Six Ms of Management Men and Women Money Machines Materials Methods Markets
- 8. Managerial Concerns Efficiency & Effectiveness 1. Efficiency “Doing things right” Getting the most output for the least inputs 2. Effectiveness “Doing the right things” Attaining organizational goals
- 9. Exhibit 1–3 Effectiveness and Efficiency in Management
- 10. Managerial Objectives Efficient use of resources Customer Satisfaction Reasonable profits so as to give a fair return on capital invested in bussiness Survival and continuity of business Enhancing goodwill or reputation of the enterprise
- 11. Characteristics Management is a distinct process. Management is an organized activity Management aims at the accomplishment of predetermined objectives. Management is both a science and an art. Management is a group activity Management principles are universal in nature Management integrates human and other resources.
- 12. Concept of management- Raymond G. Leon Management by Communication Management by Systems Management by Results Management by Participation Management by Motivation Management by Exception Management by Objectives
- 13. Features of Management Continuous and never ending process. Getting things done through people. Oriented towards result. Multidisciplinary in nature. Deals in group and not an individual activity. Follows established principles or rules.
- 14. Features of Management Situational & dynamic in nature. Aided but not replaced by computers. Both an art and science. Management is all pervasive. Uses a professional approach in work. Management is intangible.
- 15. Who Are Managers? Manager: Someone who coordinates and oversees the work of other people so that organizational goals can be accomplished. Managing is about: ✓ Getting things done through others ✓ Using scarce resources to best advantage ✓ Coping with change and uncertainty ✓ Achieving and delivering results
- 16. Classifying Managers • Individuals who manage the work of non- managerial employees. First-line Managers • Individuals who manage the work of first-line managers. Middle Managers • Individuals who are responsible for making organization-wide decisions and establishing plans and goals that affect the entire organization. Top Managers
- 17. Exhibit 1–2 Managerial Levels
- 18. What Managers Do? • A. Functions they perform. • B. Roles they play. • C. Skills they need. Three Approache s
- 19. A. Functions Managers Perform • Defining goals, establishing strategies to achieve goals, developing plans to integrate and coordinate activities. Planning • Arranging and structuring work to accomplish goals. Organizing • Working with and through people to accomplish goals. Leading • Monitoring, comparing, and correcting work. Controlling
- 20. Exhibit 1–4 Management Functions
- 21. Management has been defined in various ways. Many eminent authors on the subject have defined the term “management”
- 22. 1- Definitions: According to James L Lundy “Management is principally the task of planning, coordinating, motivating and controlling the efforts of others towards a specific objective”. According to Peter F Drucker “Management is a multi-purpose organ that manages a business and manages managers and manages workers and work”.
- 23. According to Stanley Vance “Management is simply the process of decision- making and control over the actions of human beings for the purpose of attaining predetermined goals”. According to Joseph Massie « Managment is defined as the process by which a cooperative group directs action towards comon goals
- 24. From the above definitions,we conclude that management fulffils the following functions: Formulation of objectives, plans and policies. Collection of people, money, materials, machines and methods. Direction and motivation of employees. Coordination and Cooperation between employees. Supervision and control of performance.
- 25. 1- Planning It is the basic function of management. It involves: - Selection of goals. - Establishment of strategies for the achievement of goals. In selecting goals the manager should consider their feasibility.
- 26. 2-Organizing Organizing is deciding what jobs need to be done. According to Henry Fayol, “To organize a business is to provide it with everything useful for its functioning i.e. raw material, tools, capital and personnel” Organizing involves: Identification and classification of activities. Assignment of tasks and duties. Delegation of authority and responsibility.
- 27. 3- Staffing According to Kootz & O’Donell, “The managerial function of staffing involves managing the organization’s structure through an effective selection, appraisal & development of personnel ‘’. Staffing involves: Selection, Recruitment, and Placement in a position. Training and development. Remuneration. Performance appraisal. Promotions and transfer.
- 28. 4- Directing Through the Directing function a manager influences, guides, supervises, and motivates sub-ordinates for the achievement of the organizational goals. Direction involves: Supervision Motivation Leadership Communication
- 29. 5- Controlling Controlling is the measurement and correction of the subordinates’performance Controlling includes: Establishment of a performance standard. Measurement of performance. Corrective action.
- 30. 7- Management as a Process As a process management consists of three aspects: A social process It makes useful and productive relationships among people in an organization. An integrating process It integrates human and financial resources to achieve the organizational purpose. A continuous process It is a never-ending process concerned with identification and solution of organizational problems.
- 31. 8 -Management as an Activity. “Management is what a manager does”. Like various other activities performed by human beings management is also an activity because a manager is one who accomplishes objectives by directing the efforts of others.
- 32. Management as an activity includes: • The Informational activitiy: A communication link has to be maintained with subordinates and superiors for an effective functioning of the enterprise. The Decisional activitiy: Managers are involved in decisions of different kinds. The decision made by one manager becomes the basis of action to be taken by other managers. (E.g. A Sales Manager can decide for the media & content of advertising). The Inter-personal activitiy: Managers have to interact with superiors and sub-ordinates to maintain good relations with all the organization’s members.
- 33. • Figurehead, leader, liaison Interpersonal roles • Monitor, disseminator, spokesperson Informational roles • Entrepreneur, disturbance handler, resource allocator, negotiator Decisional roles B. Roles Managers Play
- 34. C. Skills Managers Need Technical skills Knowledge and proficiency in a specific field Human skills The ability to work well with other people Conceptual skills The ability to think & conceptualize about abstract and complex situations concerning the organization
- 35. Exhibit 1–6 Skills Needed at Different Management Levels (katz)
- 36. Thank You