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Chapter 8
SCHEDULING RESOURCES AND COSTS
Chapter Outline
1. Overview of the Resource Scheduling Problem
2. Types of Resource Constraints
3. Classification of a Scheduling Problem
4. Resource Allocation Methods
A. Assumptions
B. Time-Constrained Projects: Smoothing Resource Demand
C. Resource-Constrained Projects
5. Computer Demonstration of Resource-Constrained Scheduling
A. The Impacts of Resource-Constrained Scheduling
6. Splitting Activities
7. Benefits of Scheduling Resources
8. Assigning Project Work
9. Multiproject Resource Schedules
10. Using the Resource Schedule to Develop a Project Cost Baseline
A. Why a Time-Phased Budget Baseline Is Needed
B. Creating a Time-Phased Budget
11. Summary
12. Key Terms
13. Review Questions
14. Exercises
15. Case: Power Train, Ltd.
16. Appendix 8.1: The Critical-Chain Approach
A. Time Estimates
B. Critical-Chain in Action
C. Critical-Chain versus Traditional Scheduling Approach
D. CCPM and Splitting Tasks
E. Monitoring Project Performance
F. The CCPM Method Today
17. Appendix Summary
18. Appendix Review Questions
19. Appendix Exercises
20. Appendix Case: The CCPM Dilemma

2 PROJECT MANAGEMENT: THE MANAGERIAL PROCESS
Chapter Objectives
• To contrast the differences between time and resource constrained projects
• To explain the implications for managing time and resource constrained projects
• To demonstrate an understanding of one heuristic method for scheduling resource
constrained projects
• To explain the potential for hidden critical paths
• To introduce multiproject resource scheduling
• To demonstrate the ability to create a project cost baseline
• To explain how costs are translated from an estimate to a time-phase baseline.
Review Questions
1. How does resource scheduling tie to project priority?
Resource scheduling ties to project priority because resources are limited.
Remember, the priority system ranks projects which then determines which project
each resource should work on first.
2. How does resource scheduling reduce flexibility in managing projects?
Resource scheduling systems usually reduce flexibility because when resources are
considered, computer routines use slack to get an “efficient” schedule. When slack is
used up, flexibility is lost and the risk of delaying the project increases. If the
resource conflict occurs on the critical path, the project is delayed.
3. Present six reasons scheduling resources is an important task.
Several reasons for scheduling resources are to:
• Check if existing resources are adequate and available
• Decide which resources have priority
• Assess the impact if another project is added to the pool
• Determine where the real critical path is. Are there unforeseen dependencies?
• See what happens to the risk of being late if slack is used up developing a
schedule
• Decide if outside contractors have to be used
• Decide if an imposed project duration is realistic.
Students should not be limited to these reasons; there are many more reasons for
scheduling resources.
4. How can outsourcing project work alleviate the three most common problems
associated with multiproject resource scheduling?

Chapter 8 Scheduling Resources and Costs 3
Outsourcing can be used to reduce project slippage, improve utilization of critical
resources, and avoid resource bottlenecks. For example, project delays can be
avoided by contracting key activities when resources are not available internally.
Likewise, hiring consultants to help with Y2K problems allows critical IT people to
work on specific problems, while the outsiders work on standard programs. Not only
does the project get done on time, but the company avoids hiring IT personnel to meet
a short term need.
5. Explain the risks associated with leveling resources, compressing or crashing
projects, and imposed durations or “catch-up” as the project is being
implemented.
The risks associated with leveling, crashing, and “catch-up” are similar to those noted
in question 2. Flexibility is decreased and risk of delay is increased. For example,
slack is used up and may cause other bottlenecks later in a sequence of activities.
Having time buffers at merge points before the project begins could help avoid some
of the need to crash activities. Decoupling critical activities can help to cut time if
decoupling is possible and resources can be shifted; however, the risk is typically
reduced only slightly.
6. Why is it critical to develop a time-phased baseline?
Other systems do not measure how much work is accomplished for the money spent!
Hence, without time-phasing cost to match your project schedule, it is impossible to
have reliable information for control purposes.
Exercises
1. Given the network plan that follows, compute the early, late, and slack times.
What is the project duration? Using any approach you wish (e.g., trial and
error), develop a loading chart for resources Electrical Engineers (EE), and
resource, Mechanical Engineers (ME). Assume only one of each resource exists.
Given your resource schedule, compute the early, late, and slack times for your
project. Which activities are now critical? What is the project duration now?
Could something like this happen in real projects?
Instead of taking 9 days the duration has been extended to 11 days and all activities
are critical. Resource shortages are common in real projects and this problem
demonstrates the impact resource constraints can have on project schedules.

2. Given the network plan that follows, compute the early, late, and slack times.
What is the project duration? Using any approach you wish (e.g., trial and
error) develop a loading chart for resource resources Carpenters (C) and
Electricians (E). Assume only one Carpenter is available and two Electricians
are available. Given your resource schedule, compute the early, late, and slack
times for your project. Which activities are now critical? What is the project
duration now?
Resource constraints extend the project duration from 12 days to 14 days and Activity
2 which was part of the original critical path is no longer critical path. All other
activities are critical which illustrates the key point that resource constraints tend to
increase the sensitivity of project networks.

3. Compute the early, late, and slack times for the activities in the network that
follows, assuming a time-constrained network. Which activities are critical?
What is the time-constrained project duration?
Note: Recall in the schedule resource load chart the “time constrained”
schedule interval (ES through LF) has been shaded. Any resource schedule
beyond the shaded area will delay the project.
Without consideration of resources the project is estimated to take 13 time units and
the critical path is 2 → 4 → 6 (see Network Diagram).
Assume you have only three resources and you are using a computer using a
computer that uses software that schedules projects by the parallel method and
following heuristics. Schedule only one period at a time!
Minimum slack
Smallest duration
Lowest identification number
Keep a log of each activity change and update you make each period—e.g.,
period 0-1, 1-2, 2-3, etc. (Use a format similar to the one on page 241.) The log
should include any changes or updates in ES and slack times each period,
activities scheduled, and activities delayed. (Hint: Remember to maintain the
technical dependencies of the network.) Use the resource load chart to assist you
in scheduling (see pages 260-261).
List the order in which you scheduled the activities of the project. Which
activities of your schedule are now critical?
Recompute your slack for each activity given your new schedule. What is the
slack for activity 1? 4? 5?
Log of Parallel Method of Scheduling 8-3
PERIOD ACTIVITY CHANGES
0-1 2 Schedule Activity 2 (first by minimum slack rule)
1 Schedule Activity 1
3 Delay Activity 3 ES to period 1. Reduce slack to 0
5 Delay Activity 5 ES to period 6. Reduce slack to 0
1-2 3 Delay Activity 3 ES to period 2. Reduce slack to -1
5 Delay Activity 5 ES to period 7. Reduce slack to -1
2-3 3 Delay Activity 3 ES to period 3. Reduce slack to -2
3-4 3 Schedule Activity 3
5-6 - No changes
6-7 - No changes
7-8 - No changes

Log of Parallel Method of Scheduling 8-3 (continued)
9-10 - No changes
10-11 - No changes
11-12 - No changes

4. You have prepared the following schedule for a project in which the key
resources is a tractor. There are 3 tractors available to the project. Activities A
and D require one tractor to complete while Activities B, C, E and F require 2
tractors.
Develop a resource-constrained schedule in the loading chart that follows.
Use the parallel method and heuristics given. Be sure to update each period as
the computer would do. Record the early start (ES), late finish (FL) and slack
(SL) for the new schedule.
Log of Parallel Method of Scheduling: Exercise 8-4
0-1 B Schedule Activity B (first by minimum slack rule)
A Schedule Activity A
1-2 - No changes
2-3 - No changes
3-4 - No changes
4-5 C Delay ES of Activity C to 5. Reduce slack to 1
5-6 D Schedule Activity D (minimum slack rule)
C Schedule Activity C
E Delay ES of Activity E to 6. Reduce slack to 1
6-7 E Delay ES of Activity E to 7. Reduce slack to 0
7-8 E Delay ES of Activity E to 8. Reduce slack to -1
F Delay ES of Activity F to 11. Reduce slack to -1
8-9 E Delay ES of Activity E to 9. Reduce slack to -2
F Delay ES of Activity F to 12. Reduce slack to -2
9-10 E Schedule Activity E
10-11 - No changes
11-12 - No changes
12-13 F Schedule Activity F

5. Develop a resource schedule in the loading chart that follows. Use the parallel
method and heuristics given. Be sure to update each period as the computer
would do. Note: Activities 2, 3, 5, and 6 use two of the resource skills. Three of
the resource skills are available. How has slack changed for each activity? Has
the risk of being late changed? Why?

Log of Parallel Method of Scheduling: Exercise 8-5
0-1 2 Schedule Activity 2 (minimum slack rule)
1 Schedule Activity 1
1-2 3 Delay ES of Activity 3 to 2. Reduce slack to 2
2-3
3-4
3
4, 3
Delay ES of Activity 3 to 3. Reduce slack to 1
Activities 3, 4, 5 are eligible to be scheduled.
Schedule Activity 4 (minimum slack rule)
Schedule Activity 3 (minimum slack rule)
Delay ES of activity 5 to 4. Reduce slack to 1
4-5 5 Delay ES of Activity 5 to5. Reduce slack to 0
5-6 5 Delay ES of Activity 5 to 6 .Reduce slack to -1
6-7 5
6
Delay ES of Activity 5 to 7. Reduce slack to -2
Delay ES of Activity 6 to 9. Reduce slack to -1
6 Delay ES of Activity 6 to 10. Reduce slack to -2
8-9 No changes
9-10 6 No changes

6. You have prepared the following schedule for a project in which the key
resource is a backhoe. This schedule is contingent on having 3 backhoes. You
receive a call from your partner, Brooker, who desperately needs 1 of your
backhoes. You tell Brooker you would be willing to let him have the backhoe if
you are still able to complete your project in 11 months.
Develop a resource schedule in the loading chart that follows to see if it is
possible to complete the project in 11 months with only 2 backhoes. Be sure to
record the order in which you schedule the activities using scheduling heuristics.
Activities 5 and 6 require 2 backhoes, while activities 1, 2, 3, and 4 require 1
backhoe. No splitting of activities is possible. Can you say yes to Brooker’s
request?

7. You are one of three carpenters assigned to complete a short construction
project. Right before the start of the project, one of your fellow carpenters was
hospitalized and will not be available to work on the project.
Develop a resource-constrained schedule in the loading chart that follows to
see how long the project will take with only 2 carpenters. Be sure to record the
order in which you schedule the activities using the scheduling heuristics.
Activities A, B, C, D, E, G, and H require 2 carpenters to complete. Activity F
requires only 1 carpenter. No splitting of activities is possible.
You will receive a bonus if the project is completed within 15 days. Should
you start planning how you will spend your bonus?
You should not spend time planning how you are going to spend your bonus. The
schedule will take 16 days.
The order activities scheduled: A,C,B,D,E,F,G,H
Note: Activity F needs to be scheduled ahead of G because the delay in its start has
caused its slack to be negative.

8. Given the time-phased work packages, complete the baseline budget for the
project.

9. Given the time-phased work packages and network, complete the baseline
budget form for the project.

10. Given the time phased work packages and network, complete the baseline

11. Given the time-phased work packages and network, complete the baseline

12. The National Oceanic Research Institute is planning a research study on global
warming in Antarctica. The 16-month network schedule is presented below. It
is followed by budgets for each activity. Create a time-phased budget for the
research project in the form provided.

Case
Power Train, Ltd.
This case points to a very typical problem in practice. Students will come up with a wide
variety of approaches depending on their experience and business acumen. After some
discussion, the authors break the class into small teams and ask each team to come up
with a simple system of rules which can be used with current project management
software and which attacks the issues found in the Power Train case. Some of the issues
mentioned below need to be considered when developing any resource scheduling
system.
The heuristics suggested in the text are indeed very efficient in minimizing project
delays. A major key to their use is the breakdown of people skills and/or equipment
type—for example, mechanical, civil, electrical engineers. Unfortunately, there is a
tradeoff. The larger the classification, the less discriminate the heuristic is in selecting
the “right” people for projects. If the classification is more detailed, the heuristics will do
a better job of selecting, but project delays (because of required resources) will likely be
increased.
The better software companies have built in flexibility for assigning people to projects.
As project priority systems and project offices become more popular in project driven
organizations, scheduling systems which link projects to priority and people assignments
are showing up in multiproject environments. A common student format and sequence
for their approach and scheduling rules are shown below:
Rule 1. SELECT KEY PEOPLE MANUALLY: This selection cannot be
overridden by the computer or by priority; it is fixed. This rule is usually
used for assigning only very key individuals to a project. The rule skirts
the priority system and its overuse may increase delays in other projects
which have a high priority.
Rule 2. PRIORITY: The priority of the project in the portfolio is used as
the first cutting criterion. In other words, the project with the highest
priority gets first pick on people needed.
A VARIATION: Most software systems allow specific activities within a
project to have priority. This is simply a priority system within a project.
Here, however, priorities are set manually ranking activities—1, 2, 3,.....n.
If a resource conflict exists, the software assigns the resource to the
activity with the highest rank. Otherwise, the standard rules of minimum
slack, shortest duration, and lowest identification number are used.
Clearly, this general system above has a strong link to strategy by using the priority
portfolio as a cutting criterion. Again, care should be taken to see that manual selection

is not overused. Manual overuse can result in significant delays on other projects which
have a high priority. Conversely, manual intervention can be used to reduce the risk of a
specific project being delayed. Again, the breakdown of people by skills is not perfect.
Some manual intervention will be necessary. The degree of breakdown tradeoff will
always exist.
Notice that a system such as the one suggested above allows management to estimate
types of resources that may be needed in the future. The system also keeps track of
resource availability by skill type.
Below is an undergraduate response to the case setting. MBA’s and executives are more
creative and detailed. Their systems usually cover more exceptions and include more
detail, but they also frequently miss the point that all their “special cases” contribute to
delays in other projects and reduce the effectiveness of resource utilization.
Student Response
Inputs:
Project priority system which ranks projects
Rank of project complexity by low, medium, or high
Resources divided into 2 or 3 groups depending on skill within a skill
(e.g., Programmer 1, 2, 3 with 1 being highly skilled)
Rule 1. Prioritize all projects
Rule 2. Categorize project by low, medium or high complexity
(1 = high, 10 = very low)
Rule 3. Apply resources by group level
The student form suggested is below:
Project
Priority
Complexity Skill by Type Needed & Group level
(e.g., engineer, group 1)
Low Medium High Group 1 Group 2 Group 3
1 x x
2 x x
3 x x
4 x x
5 x x
In place of complexity, factors such as technology, size, product class, risk, and speed
could be used.
The moral of the case is “Don’t let priority drive selection of key people,” or “Don’t
waste super stars on low priority projects.”

Appendix Review Questions
1. Explain how time is wasted in management of projects.
Time is wasted by people finishing an activity early and not warning the resource of
the next activity to prepare to start early. Or, time is wasted by simply using safety
time to work on other tasks.
2. Distinguish between project and feeder buffers.
Feeder buffers exist to avoid delays in the critical chain. They are placed at the end
of a chain of non-critical activities that merge into the critical chain. Project buffers
exist to cover uncertainty or interruptions and to ensure the project duration is met.
3. Buffers are not the same as slack. Explain.
Buffers are not expected to be used. They are used when delays force their use.
Slack can be used for almost any reason. Buffers can be only used to protect the
critical chain or project from being delayed.
Appendix Exercises
1. Check out the Goldratt Institute’s homepage at http://www.goldratt.com for
current information on the application of critical-chain techniques to project
management.
At press time the Goldratt Institute’s homepage features several cases the successful
application of CCPM.
2. Apply critical-chain scheduling principles to the Print Software, Inc., project
presented in Chapter 6 on page 175. Revise the estimated time durations by 50
percent except round up the odd time durations (i.e., 3 becomes 4). Draw a
CCPM network diagram similar to the one contained in Figure A8.3 for the
Print Software project as well as a Gantt chart similar to Figure A8.4. How
would these diagrams differ from the ones generated using the traditional
scheduling technique?
Below is the CCPM network drawn for the Printer Software project.

Next is the CCPM Gantt chart created for the Printer Software project.
Students’ work will vary depending upon the software they use to draw the Gantt
chart.
Key differences between Critical Chain (CC) and CCPM schedules include:
• The project duration for CC is 115 while for CCPM it is 58 with a 22 project
buffer. So even if all of the buffer is used, the project will be 35 days earlier than
CC.
• The CC schedule is driven by ES while the CCPM is driven by LF.
• Buffers are strategically located on CCPM schedule while slack is shared across
non-critical activities.

Appendix Case
The CCPM Dilemma
Ideas found in most plans of action:
Problems:
1. Buy in is not apparent.
2. There is clear evidence of little or ineffective training.
3. Senior management is altering the CC methodology.
4. Multitasking is prevalent and inefficient.
Action Plan: (assume use of CC scheduling)
1. Start CC training immediately.
2. Get buy in before trying CC scheduling again. Try on one project as an experiment.
3. Use 75 percent confidence in place of 50 percent.
4. Cut multitasking of critical resources to two or three projects to avoid contentions.
5. Don’t alter time estimates—just reduce them by 50 or 25 percent.

TRANSPARENCIES (for exercises)

Exercise 8-1

Exercise 8-2

Exercise 8-3

Exercise 8-4

Exercise 8-5

Exercise 8-6

Exercise 8-7

Exploring the Variety of Random
Documents with Different Content

anecdotes was Sir Hugh Smithson (1715-1786), the first Duke of
Northumberland of the third creation. He married, in 1774, Elizabeth
Seymour, the heiress of the Percy property.
The front of Northumberland House was 162 feet in length, the
court being 81 feet square. The coping along the Strand front "was a
border of capital letters," and, at the funeral of Queen Anne of
Denmark, in May 1619, a young man in the crowd was killed by the
letter "S," which had been pushed off by the too eager spectators on
the roof. There were many famous pictures at Northumberland
House. On June 9, 1658, Evelyn records: "I went to see the Earl of
Northumberland's pictures, whereof that of the Venetian Senators
was one of the best of Titian's, and another of Andrea del Sarto, viz.,
a Madona, Christ, St John, and an Old Woman, etc., a St Catherine
of Da Vinci, with divers portraits of Van Dyke; a Nativity of
Georgioni; the last of our blessed Kings (Charles I.) and the Duke of
York, by Lely; a roserie by the famous Jesuits of Bruxelles, and
severall more. This was in Suffolk House: the new front towards the
gardens is tollerable, were it not drown'd by a too massie and
clomsie pair of stayres of stone, without any neate invention."
Fire threatened to destroy the house on more than one occasion. In
March, 1780, an outbreak occurred about five o'clock in the
morning, "and raged till eight, in which time it burnt from the east
end, where it began, to the west. Among the apartments consumed
are those of Dr Percy, Bishop of Carlisle. We are happy to inform our
readers that the greatest part of the doctor's invaluable library is
fortunately preserved." The famous lion which delighted Londoners
for a century and a quarter was placed in his proud position in 1752.
It was cast in lead, from a model by Carter, and was twelve feet in
length. There is a pleasant fiction to the effect that the noble brute,
when first placed upon his pedestal, had his head towards Carlton
House and St James's Palace, but afterwards upon some rebuff
experienced by one of the dukes of Northumberland turned his face
towards the city of London. The lion was subsequently removed to
Syon House, Isleworth, the Middlesex seat of the Northumberlands.
"The vestibule of the interior was eighty-two feet long, and more

than twelve feet in breadth, ornamented with Doric columns. Each
end communicated with a staircase, leading to the principal
apartments facing the garden and the Thames. They consisted of
several spacious rooms fitted up in the most elegant manner,
embellished with paintings, among which might be found the well-
known 'Cornaro Family,' by Titian, a work well worthy of its
reputation, and for which Algernon, Earl of Northumberland, is
stated to have given Vandyck 1000 guineas, and a wonderful vase,
which now has a story of its own; 'St Sebastian Bound,' by Guercino;
'The Adoration of the Shepherds,' by Bassano; and others by well-
known masters. The great feature of the house was the ball-room,
or grand gallery, upwards of 100 feet in length, in which were placed
large and very fine copies by Mengs, after Raphael's 'School of
Athens,' in the Vatican, of the size of the originals; also the
'Assembly of the Gods,' and the 'Marriage of Cupid and Psyche,' in
the Farnesina; the 'Triumph of Bacchus and Ariadne,' from Caracci's
picture in the Farnese Palace; and 'Apollo driving the Chariot of the
Sun,' from Reni's fresco in the Villa Rospigliosi, at Rome. These
celebrated works, and the decoration of the noble apartment,
constituted it one of the landmarks of high art in the metropolis. The
grand staircase consisted of a centre flight of thirteen moulded vein
marble steps, and two flights of sixteen steps, with centre landing
twenty-two feet by six feet, two circular plinths, and a handsome
and richly-gilt ormolu scroll balustrade, with moulded Spanish
mahogany hand-rail. The mansion contained nearly 150 rooms for
the private use of the family."[66]
The destruction of Northumberland House was due to the necessity
of a direct thoroughfare from Charing Cross to the Embankment. As
early as 1866, the Metropolitan Board of Works—the predecessor of
the London County Council—had perceived the need, and had
suggested a new street through the site of Northumberland House
and its grounds. "The Duke of Northumberland of that day, however,
set his face determinedly against any interference with his ancestral
mansion, and his opposition received much support from members
of both Houses of Parliament, and from those who looked with

disfavour on a proposal to destroy the last of the palaces of the
English nobles which three centuries ago stood on the south side of
the Strand now occupied by the streets leading from it to the river.
The Metropolitan Board was forced to yield to the resistance which
then and for several years after was offered to every attempt to get
power to take Northumberland House. Eventually the necessities of
the case were so strongly pressed that further resistance was
abandoned, and the Board having, in 1872, learned that the present
Duke of Northumberland was willing to sell his property, an
agreement was in the year 1873 concluded and ratified by
Parliament, under which the Board acquired his Grace's property
upon payment of £500,000, the Board at the same time obtaining
power to make the new street."[67] The opposition of the owner of
Northumberland House to the destruction of this historical property
was natural enough, and many otherwise uninterested persons
lamented the proposed demolition. The Duke of Northumberland—
the sixth duke of his creation—writing in 1866, said: "The Duke of
Northumberland is naturally desirous that this great historical house,
commenced by a Howard, continued by a Percy, and completed by a
Seymour, which has been the residence of his ancestors for two
centuries and a half, should continue to be the residence of his
descendants; but the Metropolitan Board of Works are desirous that
this house, which, with its garden, is one of the landmarks of
London, and is probably the oldest residential house in the
metropolis, should be destroyed."
The sale was concluded in June, 1874, and, in September and
October of that year, "the fine old mansion underwent its final stage
of degradation." Its materials were sold by auction. The lots
consisted of 3,000,000 bricks, the grand marble staircase, the
elaborate ornamentation of the various apartments and corridors,
and lead to the weight of 400 tons. The sale realised but £6500, and
of this sum the great staircase—subsequently removed to No. 49
Prince's Gate—brought £360. Some of the pictures had been
removed to Alnwick Castle, Northumberland, others to the ducal
town residence, No. 2 Grosvenor Place. "The progress of wealth and

luxury," said a writer in the Standard at the time of the projected
demolition, "has long since dimmed the splendours of what was
once the proudest of the London houses of the English nobility. The
march of fashion westward had left it isolated amidst an uncongenial
neighbourhood of small shops. Commerce had overtaken and
overwhelmed it, so that it stood somewhat abruptly in the full
stream of London life, making it too violent a contrast with the
surrounding houses, and destroying whatever of felicity there might
have been in the situation. In the days when the Strand was but a
road between London and Westminster, lined with private houses of
the great and noble on either side, and with gardens going down to
the river, it might have been an abode fit even for the proud Earls of
Northumberland, to whom it descended. But with the Thames
Embankment on one side, and Trafalgar Square on the other, with
omnibuses perpetually passing its front door, Northumberland House
was a standing anachronism, if not an impediment, which was
destined to succumb to the influence of time and the Metropolitan
Board of Works." It may be added that during the Great Exhibition of
1851, the public were admitted by ticket to view the house at the
rate of ten thousand a week.
Northumberland Avenue was opened in March, 1876. It is 950 feet
long and 84 feet wide, the width between the pavements being 60
feet. The Strand portion of the house is marked by the Grand Hotel,
the opening of which, in 1880, was considered of so much
importance that its initiation was attended by the Lord Mayor of the
City of London, who was accompanied by the sheriffs. Two other of
the Gordon hotels in this Avenue, the Métropole and Victoria,
opened in 1885 and 1887 respectively, indicate the site of the
extensive gardens of Northumberland House. The handsome
building of the Constitutional Club, the offices of the Royal Colonial
Institute, and the headquarters of the Society for Promoting
Christian Knowledge, are also in Northumberland Avenue.
Craven Street, which still retains much of its old-world air, is chiefly
notable for the fact that Benjamin Franklin lived here, at No. 7, at
the house of Mrs Margaret Stevenson, during the entire period of his

visits to London as agent for the House of Assembly, Philadelphia,
and "other provinces." Leigh Hunt, speaking of this circumstance,
says: "What a change along the shores of the Thames in a few years
(for two centuries are less than two years in the lapse of time), from
the residence of a set of haughty nobles, who never dreamt that a
tradesman could be anything but a tradesman, to that of a yeoman's
son, and a printer, who was one of the founders of a great state!"
He was visited here in February, 1755, by William Pitt (the first Earl
of Chatham, 1708-1788), and, wrote Franklin, "He stayed with me
near two hours, his equipage waiting at the door." The house, which
is marked by a tablet, is now a private hotel.
Mark Akenside, the poet and physician, was visited in this street, on
January 22, 1761—at which time he was physician to Queen
Charlotte—by Sir Joshua Reynolds. Heinrich Heine, during his stay in
England, April 23 to August 8, 1827, lodged at No. 32 Craven Street.
A notorious resident of this street was James Hackman (1752-1779),
incumbent of Wiveton, Norfolk. He fell in love with Martha Ray, who
was the mother of nine children, of whom Lord Sandwich was the
father. His passion was so great that, as the lady would not marry
him, he shot her dead on the night of April 7, 1779, in the piazza of
Covent Garden Theatre. He turned the pistol upon himself, but
without fatal effect. He was hanged at Tyburn twelve days later.
A more interesting resident was James Smith, one of the authors of
the Rejected Addresses, who lived for many years at No. 27, where
he died on December 24, 1839. This remarkable literary character,
the son of a solicitor to the Ordnance, was born in 1775. At the age
of twenty-seven he had made his mark in Fleet Street, and, from
1807 to 1817, the articles to the Monthly Mirror entitled "Horace in
London" were written by him. In 1812, with his younger brother,
Horatio, he published the Rejected Addresses, in which Wordsworth,
Southey, Coleridge, Lord Byron, Sir Walter Scott, and other writers
were parodied with admirable felicity. He wrote many of the
"Entertainments" for Charles Mathews the Elder, including Country
Cousins in 1820, and the Trip to France and the Trip to America in
the two succeeding years. For the last two sketches he received a

thousand pounds. "A thousand pounds!" he used to exclaim, with a
shrug of the shoulders, "and all for nonsense."[68] He was lucky
enough to obtain a legacy of £300 for a complimentary epigram on
Mr Strachan, the King's printer. Being patted on the head when a
boy by Chief-Justice Mansfield, in Highgate churchyard, and once
seeing Horace Walpole on his lawn at Twickenham, were the two
chief historical events of Mr Smith's quiet life. The four reasons that
kept so clever a man employed on mere amateur trifling were these
—an indolent disinclination to sustained work, a fear of failure, a
dislike to risk a well-earned fame, and a foreboding that literary
success might injure his practice as a lawyer. His favourite visits
were to Lord Mulgrave's, Mr Croker's, Lord Abinger's, Lady
Blessington's, and Lord Harrington's. Pretty Lady Blessington used to
say of him, that "James Smith, if he had not been a witty man, must
have been a great man. He died in his house in Craven Street, with
the calmness of a philosopher, on the 24th of December, 1839, in
the sixty-fifth year of his age."[69] It was on his own street that he
wrote the well-known epigram:
"In Craven Street, Strand, ten attorneys find place,
And ten dark coal-barges are moor'd at its base;
Fly, Honesty, fly! seek some safer retreat,
For there's craft in the river, and craft in the street."
[70]
This satire led to a retort by Sir George Rose, the judge and well-
known legal writer, in extemporaneous lines written at a dinner:
"Why should Honesty fly to some safer retreat,
From attorneys and barges?—'od rot 'em!—
For the lawyers are just at the top of the street,
And the barges are just at the bottom."

THE LION, NORTHUMBERLAND HOUSE.
Lawyers still have their offices in Craven Street, but the coal-barges
vanished in 1876. A few doors from James Smith's, in the house on
the left-hand side from the Strand, there lodged, in 1885, the
celebrated American comedian, John Sleeper Clarke (1834-1899).
His rooms overlooked the back of what was then the Avenue
Theatre. This house, opened on March 11, 1882, was rebuilt by Mr
Cyril Maude, and, on the eve of its re-opening, December 5, 1905, it
was destroyed by the fall of the roof of Charing Cross Station. Again
rebuilt by Mr Maude, it was opened, on January 28, 1907, as the
Playhouse. The theatrical associations of this part of London are,
indeed, like Mr Weller's knowledge of London, "extensive and
peculiar."

FOOTNOTES:
[64] The Court of England under the Stuarts, Jesse, vol. iii., pp.
356-7.
[65] Forster's Goldsmith.
[66] Old and New London, vol. iii., p. 140.
[67] London in the Reign of Victoria, G. Laurence Gomme, pp.
156-7.
[68] Memoirs of James Smith, vol. i., p. 32.
[69] Haunted London, pp. 140-141.
[70] Gothic Miscellanies, James Smith, vol. ii., p. 186.
Appendix
SAMUEL PEPYS AND THE ADELPHI
January 31, 1668.—Up, and by coach, with W. Griffin with me, and
our Contract-books, to Durham Yard to the Commissioners for
Accounts. [See page 37.]
May 10, 1668.—From church home with my Lady Pen; and after
being there an hour or so talking, I took her ... and old Mrs Whistler,
her mother-in-law, by water ... as far as Chelsy, and so back to
Spring Garden ... and so to water again, and set down the old
woman at home at Durham Yard.
April 26, 1669.—I am told by Betty, who was all undressed, of a
great fire happened in Durham Yard last night, burning the house of
one Lady Hungerford. [See page 38.]

February 11, 1660.—My wife and I ... went out again to show her
the fires, and after walking as far as the Exchange, we returned and
to bed.
March 12, 1660.—My wife and I to the Exchange, where we bought
a great many things.
July 7, 1660.—Thence to the 'Change, where I bought two fine prints
of Ragotti from Rubens.
July 18, 1660.—After a little stay we all went by water to
Westminster as far as the New Exchange.
September 3, 1660.—Up and to Mr ——, the goldsmith, near the
New Exchange.
September 22, 1660.—From thence by coach home (by the way, at
the new Exchange I bought a pair of short black stockings to wear
over a pair of silk ones for mourning ...).
November 12, 1660.—Mr Comptroller and I sat a while at the office
to do business, ... and from thence by coach (setting down his sister
at the New Exchange) to Westminster Hall.
April 20, 1661.—With Mr Creed to the Exchange and bought some
things, as gloves and bandstrings, etc.
September 2, 1661.—My wife ... met at the 'Change with my young
ladies of the Wardrobe, and there helped them to buy things.
March 24, 1662.—Thence by water to the New Exchange.... Thence
at the New Exchange and so home.
April 15, 1662.—With my wife, by coach, to the New Exchange, to
buy her some things; where we saw some new-fashion pettycoats of
Sarcenett, with a black broad lace printed round the bottom and
before, very handsome, and my wife had a mind to one of them, but
we did not then buy one.
October 7, 1662.—So towards the New Exchange, and there while
my wife was buying things I walked up and down.

January 12, 1663.—After dinner to the 'Change to buy some linen
for my wife.
February 26, 1663.—From the New Exchange home to the Tower.
April 10, 1663.—Then to my Lord's lodgings, met my wife and
walked to the New Exchange. There laid out 10s. upon pendents and
painted leather gloves, very pretty and all the mode.
May 4, 1663.—She and I to Mr Creed to the Exchange, where she
bought something.
May 7, 1663.—Up ... with my wife, leaving her at the New Exchange.
May 30, 1663.—Creed and I ... walked to the New Exchange, and
there drank our morning draught of whey, the first I have done this
year.
June 12, 1663.—So to the Exchange, to buy things with my wife;
among others a vizard for herself.
August 24, 1663.—Walked to the New Exchange, and there drank
some whey.
August 29, 1663.—Thence to my wife, and calling at both the
Exchanges, buying stockings for her and myself.
October 5, 1663.—So to the New Exchange, and there met Creed.
October 12, 1663.—To the Old Exchange, and there cheapened
some laces for my wife.... I was resolved to buy one worth wearing
with credit, and so to the New Exchange, and there put it to making.
October 14, 1663.—So to fetch my wife, and so to the New
Exchange about her things.
October 16, 1663.—Then to the Exchange and to several places.
October 19, 1663.—Took up my wife at Mrs Harper's ... and so called
at the New Exchange for some things for her.
October 21, 1663.—I to the Exchange.... From my brother's with my
wife to the Exchange, to buy things for her and myself, I being in

the humour of laying out money, but not prodigally, but only in
clothes, which I every day see that I suffer for want of.
October 30, 1663.—Then by coach with my wife to the New
Exchange, and there bought and paid for several things.
November 4, 1663.—I to the New Exchange and several places to
buy and bring home things.
November 19, 1663.—Thence with Sir G. Carteret by coach, and he
set me down at the New Exchange.
January 9, 1664.—I took coach and called my wife and her mayd,
and so to the New Exchange, where we bought several things of our
pretty Mrs Dorothy Stacy, a pretty woman, and has the modestest
look that ever I saw in my life.
February 1, 1664.—I hear how two men last night, justling for the
wall about the New Exchange, did kill one another, each thrusting
the other through; one of them of the King's Chappel, one Cave, and
the other a retayner of my Lord Generall Middleton's.
February 13, 1664.—Walked to the New Exchange, and after a turn
or two and talked, I took coach and home.
April 1, 1664.—Setting my wife down at the New Exchange, I to
White Hall.... So with Creed to the 'Change, and there took up my
wife and left him.
April 6, 1664.—Bought a pretty silke for a petticoate for my wife, and
thence set her down at the New Exchange.... To the 'Change for my
wife.
April 9, 1664.—With my wife by coach to her Tailor's and the New
Exchange.
April 26, 1664.—So walked to the New Exchange, and there had a
most delicate dish of curds and creame, and discourse with the good
woman of the house.... Thence up, and after a turn or two in the
'Change, home to the Old Exchange.

May 9, 1664.—After dinner, in Sir W. Pen's coach; he set my wife and
I down at the New Exchange, and after buying some things, we
walked to my Lady Sandwich's.
May 21, 1664.—So abroad with my wife by coach to the New
Exchange, and there laid out almost 40s. upon her.
June 21, 1664.—So to the New Exchange, meeting Mr Moore, and
he with us.
June 22, 1664.—At noon to the 'Change and coffee-house.
July 7, 1664.—Thence to the New Exchange to drink some creame,
but missed it.
August 11, 1664.—However, abroad, carried my wife to buy things at
the New Exchange.
September 12, 1664.—So I to Mr Creed's lodgings, and with him
walked up and down in the New Exchange, talking mightily of the
convenience and necessity of a man's wearing good clothes, and so
after eating a messe of creame, I took leave of him.
January 16, 1665.—Povy and I walked together as far as the New
Exchange, and so parted.
January 20, 1665.—Abroad with my wife about several businesses,
and met at the New Exchange, and there to our trouble found our
pretty Doll is gone away.
March 9, 1665.—Abroad with my wife, left her at the New Exchange.
May 12, 1665.—Thence called my wife at Unthanke's to the New
Exchange and elsewhere to buy a lace band for me, but we did not
buy.
June 7, 1665.—We to the New Exchange, and there drank whey,
with much entreaty getting it for our money, and (they) would not
be entreated to let us have one glasse more.
July 11, 1665.—Had Mary meet me at the New Exchange.

March 10, 1666.—To the New Exchange, and there I did give my
valentine, Mrs Pierce, a dozen payre of gloves, and a payre of silke
stockings.
April 18, 1666.—Thence to the Exchange, that is, the New Exchange,
and looked over some play books, and intend to get all the late new
plays.
April 20, 1666.—To the New Exchange, there to get a list of all the
modern plays, which I intend to collect and to have them bound up
together.
May 4, 1666.—To the New Exchange about play books.
May 14, 1666.—I left my wife at the New Exchange.... At the New
Exchange took up my wife again.
May 23, 1666.—After dinner Creed and I and wife and Mercer out by
coach, leaving them at the New Exchange.
May 29, 1666.—Set Mrs Pierce in at the New Exchange.
June 6, 1666.—Away go I by coach to the New Exchange.
June 17, 1666.—Wanting a coach to carry us home I walked out as
far as the New Exchange to find one, but could not. So downe to the
Milke-house, and drank three glasses of whey, and then up into the
Strand again.
July 17, 1666.—I did take my wife out to the New Exchange to buy
things.
August 8, 1666.—I met with Mrs Burroughs by appointment, and did
agree ... for her to meet me at the New Exchange, while I by coach
to my Lord Treasurer's, and then called at the New Exchange, and
thence carried her by water to Parliament stayres.
August 21, 1666.—Dined at home and sister Balty with us. My wife
snappish because I denied her money to lay out this afternoon;
however, good friends again, and by coach set them down at the
New Exchange.

September 7, 1666.—So to Creed's lodging, near the New Exchange,
and there find him laid down upon a bed; the house all unfurnished,
there being fears of the fire's coming to them. [See page 39.][71]
September 11, 1666.—So with Sir W. Batten to the New Exchange
by water.
October 27, 1666.—I took them out to the New Exchange, and there
my wife bought things, and I did give each of them a pair of jessimy
plain gloves and another of white.
November 12, 1666.—So great a stop there was at the New
Exchange, that we could not pass in half an houre, and therefore
'light and bought a little matter at the Exchange, and then home.
November 26, 1666.—Among others with Mrs Burroughs, whom I
appointed to meet me at the New Exchange in the afternoon.... I
took coach to the New Exchange.... Having staid as long as I
thought fit for meeting of Burroughs, I away and to the 'Change
again, and there I do not find her now.
December 31, 1666.—I did take money and walk forth to several
places in the towne as far as the New Exchange, to pay all my
debts.... Thence to the New Exchange to clear my wife's score.
January 23, 1667.—To the New Exchange, there to take up my wife
and Mercer.
January 25, 1667.—I away by coach with my wife, and left her at the
New Exchange.
February 5, 1667.—Thence by coach to the New Exchange, and
there laid out money, and I did give Betty Michell two pair of gloves
and a dressing-box.
February 11, 1667.—My Lord carried me and set me down at the
New Exchange, where I stayed at Pottle's shop till Betty Michell
come.
February 14, 1667.—Thence away by coach to Sir H. Cholmly and
Fitzgerald and Creed, setting down the two latter at the New

Exchange.
March 9, 1667.—Carried Mrs Pierce and wife to the New Exchange,
and there did give her and myself a pair of gloves.
March 13, 1667.—Sent my wife to the New Exchange.
March 20, 1667.—So to the New Exchange, where I find my wife.
April 5, 1667.—So by coach to the New Exchange and Mercer's.
April 17, 1667.—My wife being sent for by me to the New Exchange,
I took her up, and there to the King's playhouse.
April 25, 1667.—Thence by coach to my Lord Treasurer's, and there
being come too soon to the New Exchange, but did nothing.
May 13, 1667.—I away to the New Exchange, and there staid a little.
July 5, 1667.—To the New Exchange to buy gloves and other little
errands.
July 13, 1667.—After dinner my wife and I to the New Exchange, to
pretty maid Mrs Smith's shop, where I left my wife.... I home by
coach, taking up my wife at the Exchange.
July 17, 1667.—Then by coach, set my wife down at the New
Exchange.
July 26, 1667.—I then abroad with my wife and left her at the New
Exchange.
August 10, 1667.—To the New Exchange, to the bookseller's there,
where I hear of several new books coming out.
August 12, 1667.—Then walked to the New Exchange, and there to
my bookseller's, and did buy Scott's Discourse of Witches.... Thence
I to the printseller's over against the Exchange towards Covent
Garden, and there bought a few more prints of cittys.
August 16, 1667.—Thence to the New Exchange with my wife, where
at my bookseller's I saw The History of the Royall Society, which, I
believe, is a fine book, and have bespoke one in quires.

August 20, 1667.—Thence, with my Lord Brouncker to the Duke's
Playhouse (telling my wife so at the 'Change, where I left her).
August 21, 1667.—My wife and I mighty pleasant abroad, she to the
New Exchange, and I to the Commissioners of the Treasury.
August 27, 1667.—My wife and I, with Sir W. Pen, to the New
Exchange, set her down.... Having done here, I to the Exchange,
and there find my wife gone with Sir W. Pen.
September 16, 1667.—So parted at the New Exchange, where I staid
reading Mrs Phillips' poems till my wife and Mercer called me.
October 2, 1667.—Then by coach to the New Exchange, and there
met my wife and girl.
October 28, 1667.—Calling at the New Exchange, and there buying
The Indian Emperour, newly printed.
January 2, 1668.—I took my wife and her girl out to the New
Exchange, and there my wife bought herself a lace for a
handkercher, which I do give her, of about £3, for a new year's gift,
and I did buy also a lace for a band for myself.
January 17, 1668.—So home, and there alone with my wife and Deb.
to dinner, and after dinner comes Betty Turner, and I carried them to
the New Exchange.
February 21, 1668.—Thence with Lord Brouncker and T. Harvey as
far as the New Exchange.
February 25, 1668.—Thence set my wife at the New Exchange, and I
to Mr Clerke, my solicitor ... so I by water with him to the New
Exchange and there we parted, and I took my wife and Deb. up, and
to the nursery.... Thence to the New Exchange, to take some things
home that my wife hath bought, a dressing-box and other things for
her chamber and table, that cost me above £4.
April 9, 1668.—I to the New Exchange, there to meet Mrs
Burroughs, and did take her in a carosse and carry her towards the
Park, kissing her.

April 28, 1668.—Thence to the New Exchange to pay a debt of my
wife's there, and so home.
April 30, 1668.—Thence to the New Exchange, and then home.
May 1, 1668.—I back again to the New Exchange a little.
May 6, 1668.—Thence by water to the New Exchange, where bought
a pair of shoe-strings.
May 9, 1668.—I towards the New Exchange and there bought a pair
of black silk stockings at the hosier's that hath the very pretty
woman to his wife, about ten doors on this side of the 'Change.
May 20, 1668.—Down to the New Exchange, and there cheapened
ribbands for my wife, and so down to the Whey house and drank
some and eat some curds, which did by and by make my belly ake
mightily.
May 27, 1668.—So homeward toward the New Exchange, and
meeting Mr Creed he and I to drink some whey at the whey-house,
and so into the 'Change and took a walk or two.
May 28, 1668.—By coach to the New Exchange, and there by
agreement at my bookseller's shop met Mercer and Gayet.
May 30, 1668.—Thence to the New Exchange, and there met Harris
and Rolt, and one Richards, a tailor and great company-keeper....
Thence set Rolt and some of (them) at the New Exchange.
May 31, 1668.—I by water to the New Exchange.
June 20, 1668.—Took my wife up, and calling at the New Exchange
at Smith's shop, and kissed her pretty hand.
July 29, 1668.—So to the New Exchange.
July 30, 1668.—Out with my wife to the New Exchange.
July 31, 1668.—My wife and Deb. and I, with Sir J. Minnes, to White
Hall, she going hence to the New Exchange.
August 31, 1668.—So to the New Exchange and paid for some
things.

September 21, 1668.—This day I met Mr Moore in the New
Exchange, and had much talk of my Lord's concernments.
October 20, 1668.—So to my tailor's and the New Exchange, and so
by coach home, and there, having this day bought The Queene of
Arragon play, I did get my wife and W. Batelier to read it.
October 21, 1668.—So I away to the New Exchange, and there staid
for my wife.
November 23, 1668.—So to the looking-glass man's by the New
Exchange.
January 1, 1669.—Up, and with W. Hewer, to the New Exchange,
and then he and I to the cabinet-shops, to look out, and did agree,
for a cabinet to give my wife for a New Year's gift, and I did buy one
cost me £11.
January 11, 1669.—Calling at the New Exchange for a book or two
to send to Mr Shepley and thence home.... Thence to the New
Exchange, to buy some things; and among others my wife did give
me my pair of gloves, which, by contract, she is to give me in her
£30 a year.
February 4, 1669.—So to the New Exchange, and thence home to
my letters.
February 15, 1669.—Thence to my cozen Turner's, where, having ...
been told by her that she had drawn me for her Valentine, I did this
day call at the New Exchange, and bought her a pair of green silk
stockings and garters and shoe-strings, and two pair of jessimy
gloves, all coming to about 28s.
March 3, 1669.—After the play we to the New Exchange.
March 8, 1669.—I had walked to the New Exchange and there met
Mr Moore.
April 7, 1669.—I to the New Exchange to talk with Betty, my little
sempstress.
HANNAH MORE AND GARRICK'S FUNERAL

Adelphi, Feb. 2, 1779.
We (Miss Cadogan and myself) went to Charing Cross to see the
melancholy procession. Just as we got there, we received a ticket
from the Bishop of Rochester, to admit us into the Abbey. No
admittance could be obtained but under his hand. We hurried away
in a hackney coach, dreading to be too late. The bell of St Martin's
and the Abbey gave a sound that smote upon my very soul. When
we got to the cloisters, we found multitudes striving for admittance.
We gave our ticket, and were let in, but unluckily we ought to have
kept it. We followed the man, who unlocked a door of iron, and
directly closed it upon us and two or three others, and we found
ourselves in a tower, with a dark winding staircase, consisting of half
a hundred stone steps. When we got to the top there was no way
out; we ran down again, called, and beat the door till the whole pile
resounded with our cries. Here we staid half an hour in perfect
agony; we were sure it would be all over: nay, we might never be let
out; we might starve; we might perish. At length our clamours
brought an honest man—a guardian angel, I then thought him. We
implored him to take care of us, and get us into a part of the Abbey
whence we might see the grave. He asked for the Bishop's ticket, we
had given it away to the wrong person, and he was not obliged to
believe we ever had one: yet he saw so much truth in our grief, that
though we were most shabby, and a hundred fine people were
soliciting the same favour, he took us under each arm—carried us
safely through the crowd, and put us in a little gallery directly over
the grave, where we could see and hear everything as distinctly as if
the Abbey had been a parlour. Little things sometimes affect the
mind strongly! We were no sooner recovered from the fresh burst of
grief than I cast my eyes, the first thing, on Handel's monument and
read the scroll in his hand, "I know that my Redeemer liveth." Just
at three the great doors burst open with a noise that shook the roof;
the organ struck up, and the whole choir advanced to the grave, in
hoods and surplices, singing all the way: then Sheridan, as chief
mourner; then the body (alas! whose body), with ten noblemen and

gentlemen, pall-bearers; hardly a dry eye—the very players, bred to
the trade of counterfeiting, shed genuine tears.
As soon as the body was let down, the bishop began the service,
which he read in a low, but solemn and devout manner. Such an
awful stillness reigned, that every word was audible. How I felt it!
Judge if my heart did not assent to the wish that the soul of our
dear brother now departed was in peace. And this is all of Garrick!
Yet a very little while, and he shall say to the worm, "Thou art my
brother"; and to corruption, "Thou art my mother and my sister." So
passes away the fashion of this world. The very night he was buried,
the playhouses were as full, and the Pantheon was as crowded, as if
no such thing had happened: nay, the very mourners of the day
partook of the revelries of the night—the same night too!
As soon as the crowd was dispersed, our friend came to us with an
invitation from the bishop's lady, to whom he had related our
disaster, to come into the deanery. We were carried into her
dressing-room, but being incapable of speech, she very kindly said
she would not interrupt such sorrow, and left us; but sent up wine,
cakes, and all manner of good things, which was really well-timed. I
caught no cold, notwithstanding all I went through.
FOOTNOTES:
[71] This was the Great Fire which destroyed nearly every
building of importance in the City, including one hundred and
seven churches and the Royal Exchange. The second Royal
Exchange was opened on September 28, 1669. The recorded
visits of Pepys to the New Exchange ended in April, 1669. Pepys
was then busy with state affairs, and his eyesight was failing. On
the latter account he brought the Diary to a close on May 31 of
that year. Of course, he may have visited the New Exchange after
the last entry recorded in his Diary. Indeed, it is probable that he
did so. When we consider what enjoyment he derived from his
various meetings here, from his purchases of play-books and silk
stockings, and from his drinking of whey, the last words in his
Diary become doubly pathetic: "And thus ends all that I doubt I

shall ever be able to do with my own eyes in the keeping of my
Journall, I being not able to do it any longer, having done now so
long as to undo my eyes almost every time that I take a pen in
my hand; and therefore, whatever comes of it, I must forbear:
and therefore resolve, from this time forward, to have it kept by
my people in long-hand, and must be contented to set down no
more than is fit for them and all the world to know; or if there be
anything, I must endeavour to keep a margin in my book open, to
add here and there a note in short-hand with my own hand, and
so I betake myself to that course, which is almost as much as to
see myself go into my grave: for which, and all the discomforts
that will accompany my being blind, the good God prepare me!"
Index
Absalom and Achitophel, 227, 255.
Adam, the brothers, call themselves "Adelphi," 3;
obtain a lease of the Durham House property, 75-76;
they effect a marvellous transformation, 76-79;
opposed by the City, they obtain an Act of Parliament for
embanking
the river, 79;
interesting letter on the subject, 79-84;
Granville Sharp's strictures, 84;
the brothers in financial difficulties, 85;
they obtain another Act of Parliament, 85;
the Adelphi Lottery, 86-90;
history of the brothers, 90-98;
Robert Adam, 90-97;
James Adam, 97-98;
John Adam, 98;
William Adam, 98.
Adam, the brothers, call themselves "Adelphi," 3.

Adam, James, 90, 92, 97.
Adam, John, 98.
Adam, Robert, 90-97.
Adam, William, 98.
Adam, William (father of the brothers), 91.
Addison, Joseph, 30.
Adelphi, origin of the name, 3;
the brothers Adam obtain the lease of the property, 75-76;
transformation of the property, 76-79;
fruitless opposition of the City, 79-84;
the Adelphi Lottery, 86-90;
Scots workmen succeeded by Irish, 98.
Adelphi Chapel, the, 211-212.
Adelphi Hotel (Osborn's), 180-181, 183-185.
Adelphi Arches, 187-191.
Aggas' Map of London, 8.
Aickin (actor), 148.
Akenside, Mark, 269.
Albans, Duchess of (Harriot Mellon), 200, 202-204, 213-214.
Albans, Duke of, 75-76, 202.

Albemarle, Duchess of ("Nan" Clarges), 63-71.
Albemarle, Duke of, 255.
Albert, Prince Consort, 118.
Aldborough, Lord, 103.
Alexandra, Queen, 212.
Armstrong, Dr, 210, 212.
Arts, Society of, in the Adelphi, 100-122;
description of the paintings in, 108-118.
Ashburton, Baron, 147.
Atheist, the, or the Soldier's Fortune, 29.
Aubrey, the antiquary, 17, 220.
Avenue Theatre, 272.
Bacon, Francis, 219-221.
Baddeley, Robert, 148.
Ballade upon a Wedding, 253-254.
Bannister, John, 174.
Baron-Wilson, Mrs, 208.
Barré, Isaac, 147.

Barrington, Lord, 181.
Barry, James, 101-118.
Bassompiere, François de, 223-224.
Bathurst, Lady, 159.
Batteville, Baron de, 229.
Beaconsfield, Earl of, 181.
Beauclerk, Lady Diana, 153, 155.
Beauclerk, Topham, 150-153, 158.
Becket, Andrew, 169-171.
Beggar's Opera, The, 247.
Bek, Anthony, Bishop of Durham, 3-4.
Bek, Anthony, the second, 3-4.
Bek, Walter, Bishop of Lincoln, 4.
Belty, G.F., 167.
Bensley, W., 148.
Blanchard, E.L., 216-217.
Blanchard, William, 216.
Boleyn, Anne, 11-12.

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