PROJECT REPORT ON HALDIRAM
- 1. A PROJECT REPORT ON (LAVA VS MICROMAX) SUBMITTED IN THE PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF DEGREE OF BACHELOR IN BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION 2013-16 UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF: MRS. ADITI SUBMITTED BY: (GARIMA ARORA) 02090201813 BATCH NO. (BBA SEM-3) GURU GOBIND SINGH INDRAPRASTHA UNIVERSITY i
- 2. DECLARATION I, the undersigned Ms. Garima Arora a student of Guru Gobind Singh Indraprastha University hereby declare that the perfect work presented in this project report is my own work and has been carried out under the supervision Of Mrs. Aditi of Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Institute of Management & Information Technology. This report has not been submitted previously to any other university for ii any examination. DATE: PLACE: _____________________ GARIMA ARORA
- 3. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT I have taken efforts in this project. However, it would not have been possible without the kind support and help of many individuals and organizations. I would like to extend my sincere thanks to all of them. I am highly indebted to Mrs Aditi for their guidance and constant supervision as well as for providing necessary information regarding the project & also for their support in completing the project. I would like to express my gratitude towards my parents & member of Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Institute of Management & Information Technology for their kind co-operation and encouragement which help me in completion of this project. I would like to express my special gratitude and thanks to industry persons for giving me such attention and time. My thanks and appreciations also go to my faculties in developing the project and people who have willingly helped me out with their abilities. iii
- 4. CERTIFICATE This is to certify that Ms. Garima Arora has successfully completed the project work titled “Lava vs Micromax” in partial fulfilment of requirement for the award of Bachelor of Business Administration( Banking & Insurance) prescribed by the Sri Guru Teg Bahadur Institute of Management & Information Technology. This project is the record of authentic work carried out during the academic year (2013–2016). iv
- 5. CHAPTER-1 INTRODUCTION TO LAVA COMPANY LAVA Computer MFG. Inc. headquartered in Toronto, Canada, designs and manufactures serial and parallel I/O boards and Ethernet-to-serial device servers widely used in the Point of Sale, Kiosk, Gaming, Industrial Automation, Hospitality, Security and Access Control industries. LAVA also has engineered the LAVA IP System (LIPS), an application-specific IP interface and hardware family for IP enabling Internet of Things devices quickly and at low cost. With well over a million LAVA products built into workstations, servers, retail POS systems, and industrial computers since 1984, LAVA I/O boards and Ether-Serial Links are trusted by resellers, distributors, OEMs and system builders in over 47 countries worldwide. Designed for lifetime performance, each LAVA connectivity link is individually tested and covered by the LAVA Lifetime Warranty. LavaInternational Ltd., established in 2009, is one of the fastest growing mobile handset companies in India. It has demonstrated quick and robust expansion since inception, showing profitability and growing sales since the first year of operations. Lava and Xolo are two brands that operate under the parent company. With “Create Possibilities” as its guiding principle, Lava has embarked on an ambitious journey of becoming the 1st global consumer brand from India by empowering every human with quality innovative products. LAVA has a wide product portfolio that encompasses tablets, feature phones and smart phones having various models in bar and touch form factor at multiple price points to suit all categories of consumers. Lava’s gamut of brands includes IRIS v
- 6. series of Android based smart phones, Discover series of Internet experience touch phones, Spark series of premium bar phones and ARC & KKT series of feature-rich vi budget phones. LAVA has a wide product portfolio that encompasses tablets, feature phones and smart phones having various models in bar and touch form factor at multiple price points to suit all categories of consumers. Lava’s gamut of brands includes IRIS series of Android based smartphones, Discover series of Internet experience touch phones, Spark series of premium bar phones and ARC & KKT series of feature-rich budget phones. With a distinguished management having an excellent industry track record and a highly motivated team, Lava offers customers with a unique value proposition and in turn creates immense value for its stakeholders. Lava boasts of unique & reliable sales and service distribution (SSD) network comprising 50+ CFAs, 1000+ distributors, 50,000+ retailers and 980+ service centers. The company also operates in Nepal and Middle East through leading distributors and retailers in these geographies. Lava also has a Single-layer distribution model, one not chosen very often by competitors as it is tougher to implement, wherein distributors are exclusive and directly managed and controlled by Lava. Headquartered in New Delhi, India, the company has offices in Mumbai, Hyderabad, Kolkata, and abroad. Lava recently has been recognized as one of India’s most promising brands by World Consulting and Research Corporation (WCRC). Lava was also shortlisted amongst top 100 most exciting brands by Brand Equity. Lava was bestowed with ‘Emerging company of the year 2013’ award by Voice & Data in 2014. Lava was awarded ‘Amity Corporate Excellence Award for Fastest Growing Mobile Telecommunication Company in 2011’, the National Telecom Award by CMAI for the Fastest growing Mobile phone Indian Brand and Best mobile handset designing company in 2011 and 2012 respectively.
- 7. vii Company History March 27, 2009 Company got incorporated April 23, 2009 Company Vision Created June 25, 2009 Commenced Operations Goal To become a leading Indian multinational brand globally 100 distributors appointed in just 47 days by 23 TM’s – 5 State Launched (UP-E, Punjab & HP, Raj., Delhi, Haryana and Mumbai Distributors appointed in just 59 days by 34 TM’s – 12 States Launched (UP_W, TN, Gujarat, Bihar, Jharkhand, WB, NE, Orissa, AP, Karnataka & Kerala, Maharashtra and Goa. The first1 Lakh customer created in 106 days. The next 1 lakh customer created in just 43 days.
- 8. Company crossed primary (cumulative) of 5 lakh handset on December viii 20, 2009 in just 177 days. Company crossed primary of 2 lakh handset in December 2009’ (in just1 month) in just 6 months of operations. March 31, 2010 Co. touched turnover of 307 crore with currently 2.7 millions plus using LAVA handset. First AOP meeting of Sr. Team Kick Off on March 12, 2010 at Manesar to do business planning for the financial year 2010 to 2011. June 19 to June 21 - First training workshop of Sr. Team to align on Company Vision and come up with a goal of By 2014 LAVA is a $ 1 billion Company trusted by people through innovation and empowerment There is a story as LAVA is a Hindi word which in English means to come up with a power and that we proved with LAVA Mobiles – Power in your hands & Power to attract. And the story you can say that LAVA is a molten rock that expels out from volcano during eruption and at the time of that eruption it comes out with a great power. The power with which that LAVA comes out denotes our vision (to make it a power that would rule in everyone’s hands). That is the story behind LAVA – POWER to attract!
- 9. CHAPTER-2 INTRODUCTION TO MICROMAX COMPANY Micromax is an Indian consumer electronics company headquartered in Gurgaon, Haryana, India. Micromax started as an IT software company in 2000 and worked on embedded platforms. It entered the mobile handset business, and became one of the largest Indian domestic mobile handsets company operating in low cost feature phone segments by 2010. Micromax was incorporated as Micromax Informatics Ltd. on 29 March 2000. They started manufacturing mobile phones in 2008 with a focus on low pricing, in order to compete with international brands. Because of the issues of power in Dewas , Mohit Gangadhar Sharma saw a phone being powered by a truck battery and decided to develop a longer battery life. Micromax launched its first phone with a month long battery back-up known as X1i. In 2011, Micromax entered the tablet market with the Canvas series. In 2014, Micromax surpassed Samsung to become the mobile phone manufacturer shipping the most number of phones in a single quarter in India. On 24 January 2014, Micromax became the first Indian mobile company to start sales in Russia. Originally, the company sourced all its mobile phones from China. However, since April 2014, they have started manufacturing mobile phones and tablets at their facility in Rudraprayag, Uttarakhand. Akshay Kumar and Twinkle Khanna were one of the first celebrities to endorse Micromax Mobiles. Hugh Jackman appeared in the 2013 commercial for the Canvas Turbo smartphone. In July 2013, Chitrangada Singh posed for Canvas 4 smartphone in New Delhi. ix
- 10. In October 2014, Micromax stuck a deal with CyanogenMod to release a CyanogenMod-powered handset as early as the end of the year. Micromax Informatics Limited is one of the leading consumer electronics company in India and the 10th largest mobile phone player in the world. Over the past decade, Micromax has pioneered the democratization of technology in India by offering affordable innovations through their product offerings and removing barriers for large scale adoption of advanced technologies. Micromax is currently the 2nd largest smartphone company in India. Micromax is a brand which is close to the heart of the youth and celebrates the vibrancies of life and empowerment x Network & reach: With sales presence across India and global presence in Russia and SAARC markets, the Indian brand is reaching out to the global frontier with innovative products that challenge the status quo that Innovation comes with a price The history of Micromax (2011-12 revenue: Rs 1,978 crore or Rs 19.78 billion), which ventured into the mobile phone market in 2008, is one of the most fascinating success stories in the Indian consumer electronics industry. In barely five years, the company has come to occupy the third position (by volume) in the mobile handset market in India and is at No. 12 globally. It leads the Indian tablet market with a share of 18.4 per cent, ahead of veterans Samsung and Apple. The Gurgaon-headquartered company owes its success not just to the ticket it puts on its products or the speed with which it puts new designs on the shelves but to how it has managed these two crucial product inputs by leveraging China.
- 11. To be more specific, the labour cost advantage and the production flexibility that China offered. Big deal, you may say, given that almost every other handset brand in the world manufactures its products in China. Right from the Apples to the Samsungs to many of our home-grown brands like Karbonn, a whole host of players reaped China's arbitrage advantage. But here is the stumper: the strategy that offered Micromax its biggest advantage in its first five years is under threat and it will require a re-examination by the company - and a number of other multinationals with Chinese production - of their overall supply-chain strategies. Micromax Launches Windows Phone Devices Micromax has added the Canvas Win W121 and Canvas Win W092 Windows Phone devices to its portfolio. The Canvas Win W121 is a 5-inch device with HD IPS display, an 8-megapixel rear camera (with LED flash), a 2-megapixel front-facing camera, and 8GB of built in storage with up to 32GB of expandable memory. The device is powered by a Qualcomm Snapdragon 200 quad-core processor with 1GB of memory. The Canvas Win W121 is equipped with proximity, gravity, and light sensors, an accelerometer, Dual-SIM capability, and comes with a leather finish back panel. Micromax Launches Canvas Nitro A310 on Snapdeal Micromax launched its latest smartphone Canvas Nitro A310 in India, priced at INR 12,990, in partnership with Snapdeal. Canvas Nitro is packed with a 1.7GHz Tru octa-core processor, 5-inch HD IPS display. The device runs on the latest xi
- 12. Android 4.4 KitKat operating system and features a 13MP rear camera with LED flash and a 5MP front-facing camera. The smartphone comes with a 2500mAh battery, 2GB RAM and 8GB internal storage. Canvas Nitro users can get access to a number of features including voice search, Google Drive, Hangouts for video calls, smart contact prioritisation etc. Available in Mystic blue and Pristine white colors with a premium leather finish back, Canvas Nitro comes with software features like QuickLook, Smart Alerts, All-in-one camera widget and customised gestures. xii
- 13. CHAPTER-3 RESEACH METHODOLOGY xiii 1. What is research? This module considers the role, purpose, structure and process of research. It aims to answer the following questions: 1. What is research? 2. Why do research? 3. What types of research are there? 4. What ethical considerations are there when conducting research? 5. How might research findings be used? 1. Primary and Secondary Sources and Triangulation Researchers need to consider the sources on which to base and confirm their research and findings. They have a choice between primary data and secondary sources and the use of both, which is termed triangulation, or dual methodology. Primary data is the data collected by the researcher themselves, i.e. 1. interview 2. observation 3. action research 4. case studies 5. life histories 6. questionnaires 7. ethnographic research 8. longitudinal studies
- 14. Secondary sources are data that already exists xiv 1. Previous research 2. Official statistics 3. Mass media products 4. Diaries 5. Letters 6. Government reports 7. Web information 8. Historical data and information What is methodology? Methodology is concerned about both the ways in which the research is carried out - i.e. its structure and process, as well as with the way in which this information is analysed. The two approaches to research are: 1. Quantitative - based on the methods used in the natural sciences 2. Qualitative - based on methods which are said to be humanistic Quantitative methods: Used to find out how much, how many, how often, to what extent Aims to be objective and scientific in its approach Quantitative research is hypothetico-deductive in its approach to constructing social theories Aims to assess and measure
- 15. Is regarded as a way to get to the truth, to understand the world well enough so that we might predict and control it through identifying cause and effect relationships xv Quantitative research can be administered by the researcher self-administered one to one in a group face to face telephone postal email Qualitative research methods: 1. are concerned with opinions, feelings and experiences 2. describes social phenomena as they occur naturally - no attempt is made to manipulate the situation - just understand and describe 3. understanding is sought by taking a holistic perspective / approach, rather than looking at a set of variables 4. qualitative research data is used to help us to develop concepts and theories that help us to understand the social world - which is an inductive approach to the development of theory, rather than a deductive approach that quantitative research takes - ie. Testing theories that have already been proposed. 5. Qualitative data is collected through direct encounters i.e. through interview or observation and is rather time consuming
- 16. 3. Instruments for Data Collection For collection of data the following instruments have been used: xvi (a) Questionnaire Questionnaire is a set of questions has been prepared to ask a number of questions and collect answers from respondents relating to the research topic. A number of questions usually in printed or electronic form are to be answered by the individuals. The forms often have blank spaces in which the answers can be written. Sets of such forms are distributed to groups and the answers are collected relating to research topic. A questionnaire is a series of questions asked to individuals to obtain statistically useful information about a given topic. When properly constructed and responsibly administered, questionnaires become a vital instrument by which statements can be made about specific groups or people or entire populations. Inappropriate questions, incorrect ordering of questions, incorrect scaling, or bad questionnaire format can make the survey valueless, as it may not accurately reflect the 11views and opinions of the participants. A useful method for checking a questionnaire and making sure it is accurately capturing the intended information is to pretest among a smaller subset of target respondents. In a research or survey questions asked to respondents, and designed to extract specific information. It serves four basic purposes: to (1) Collect the appropriate data, (2) Make data comparable and amenable to analysis,
- 17. (3) Minimize bias in formulating and asking question, and (4) To make questions engaging and varied. For our study purpose a set of questions has been prepared to collect information relating to the topic of the study. In this study a structured questionnaire has been used with different types of questions such as closed ended and open ended. Special case has been taken to select the scales for the questions for collection of responses very effectively. (b) Telephone, Mobile Phone and Facsimile Telephone and other devices can be used for collecting data verbally and written on fax from respondents located away from the researcher and having these facilities plus the researcher having their contact numbers. Use of interviewers encourages sample persons to respond, leading to higher response rates. Interviewers can increase comprehension of questions by answering respondents' questions. It is fairly cost efficient, depending on local call charge structure. It is good for large national or international respondents and gives wider coverage. It cannot be used for non-audio information (graphics, demonstrations, taste/smell samples) this instrument is not suitable for the respondents where the telephone facility is not available. xvii (c) Mail For collection of data from the respondents who are located at a long distance and do not have any communication facility. They can be contacted through mailed questionnaire. Only thing is required that the researcher should have the postal addresses of the respondents. The questionnaire may be handed to the respondents or mailed to them, but in all cases they are returned to the researcher via mail. The cost involved is very less but no clarification can be given to the respondents if required. Respondents can answer at their own convenience. The respondents
- 18. cannot be biased by the researchers and the detail information can be collected 12for the research purpose. Only one disadvantage this instrument gives is that the response rate is very less due to lack of interest in the topic of respondents and low literacy rate. xviii (d) Interview In this method the interviewer personally meets the informants and asks necessary questions to them regarding the subject of enquiry. Usually a set of questions or a questionnaire is carried by him and questions are also asked according to that. The interviewer efficiently collects the data from the informants by cross examining them. The interviewer must be very efficient and tactful to get the accurate and relevant data from the informants. Interviews like personal interview/depth interview or telephone interview can be conducted as per the need of the study. 4. Research Methods For collection of primary data for this research work survey and observation methods have been used. Experimental method is not found suitable for this study because the topic is a theoretical topic and there is no need to have experiments. These two methods are explained below: (a) Survey Method Survey is used to collect quantitative information about items in a population. Surveys are used in different areas for collecting the data even in public and private sectors. A survey may be conducted in the field by the researcher. The respondents are contacted by the research person personally, telephonically or through mail. This method takes a lot of time, efforts and money but the data collected are of high accuracy, current and relevant to the topic. When the
- 19. questions are administered by a researcher, the survey is called a structured interview or a researcher-administered survey. When the questions are administered by the respondent, the survey is referred to as a questionnaire or a self-administered survey. It is an efficient way of collecting information from a large number of respondents. Very large samples are possible. Statistical techniques can be used to determine validity, reliability, and statistical significance. Surveys are flexible in the sense that a wide range of information can be collected. They can be used to study attitudes, values, beliefs, and past behaviors. Because they are standardized, they are relatively free from several types of errors. There is an economy in data collection due to the focus provided by standardized questions. Only questions of interest to the researcher are asked, recorded, codified, and analyzed. xix (b) Observation Method Observation is a complex research method because it often requires the researcher to play a number of roles and to use a number of techniques; including her/his five senses, to collect data. The observer puts himself in the actual situation and watch carefully. On the basis of 14his knowledge, skills and experience he collects the data without contacting the respondents. The results of observation entirely depend on the talents of the researcher. This method can be used only by expert persons in the research. Observation methods have been developed with the objective of 'observing people in their natural setting - as they go about their everyday lives. Observation methods can overcome some of the criticisms of quantitative research methods (Validity, bias etc.) and can be useful when its subject can't provide information, or can only provide inaccurate information. Out of available methods for collecting primary data, survey and observation methods have been found suitable for the topic study. These have fulfilled the requirements for data collection properly.
- 20. xx 5. Sampling (a) Introduction The research is a systematic study to examine or investigate the issue or problem and find out the relevant information for solution. For study data are to be collected from the respondents. It is not possible to collect data from everyone of the population. Population is a very large number of persons or objects or items which is not feasible to manage. A population is a group of individuals, persons, objects, or items from which samples are taken for measurement. For research purpose a part of the population is to be selected. Sampling is the process in which a representative part of a population for the purpose of determining parameters or characteristics of the whole population is selected. This is called a sample. It is easier to contact a smaller part of the population for data collection. It can be done within a limited time, efforts and with minimum cost. For selection of a sample special care should be taken that the sample is proper representative of the whole population. Every segment of the population should be included but the number should not be very large which may become difficult to manage within time and cost limits. For this research study purpose out of different sampling methods the stratified random sampling has been selected. The universe includes salesmen, wholesalers, retailers and customers of selected companies located in different parts of Gujarat region. Out of Gujarat region main cities like Ahmedabad, Vadodara, Surat, Rajkot and Bhavnagar have been selected. The salesmen are selected from branches of companies and further on the basis of availability during visits. Cities are divided into areas and from each area the dealers,retailers and 15customers have been selected from urban and rural areas of these cities. They have been selected randomly. So stratified random sampling has been used for the study. Keeping in view the proper representation of every segment of population and manageable size of the sample, the sample size selected is 400.
- 21. xxi (b) Time Duration The permitted time by the university for completion of research study for Ph.D degree is two years. Continuous efforts have been put to work on this research. It has been completed and submitted within the permitted time period. (c) Statistical Tools for Data Analysis For data analysis measures of central tendency, standard deviation, variance will be used. For testing of hypothesis F Test and T test will be used. (d) Hypothesis The following hypotheses have been tested with the help of statistical tools: (i) Null Hypotheses: There is significant difference amongst sales promotion strategies of the selected companies. • There is significant impact of sales promotion strategies on sales, number of customers, overall profitability and business performance of selected companies (ii) Alternative Hypotheses: There is no significant difference amongst sales promotion strategies of the selected companies. • There is no significant impact of sales promotion strategies on sales, number of customers, overall profitability and business performance of selected companies.
- 22. CHAPTER-4 INTRODUCTION OF THE PRODUCT Lava mobiles is new company to launch cheap mobile phones with Smart Feature and Functions in Indian markets. Lava International Limited is Manufacturer and Distributor of Lava Mobiles. Lava offer high feature mobiles phones at affordable price. Lava was founded in India at 2009. Within 4 years company has well known brand in India and compatation against Top Brands. Fatest Growing Mobile brand. xxii Lava Mobile Models / Products Smart Phone – Iris 505, Iris 506Q, Iris 504Q, Iris 458, Iris 455, 3G 356, 3G 402, Iris 405, Iris 501, Iris 349, Iris 351, Iris 355, Iris 430, Iris 454, Iris 502 Feature phone – KKT 29, KKT 10, KKT 14, KKT 341, KKT 40S, KKT 31c, Spark 245, spark 7, KKT 20, KKT 14+, Discover 135, ARC 3, Discover 128, ARC 1, Discover 132, ARC 12, ARC 4, ARC 8C, ARC 9i, ARC 11+, Discover 136, Discover 137, Discover 124 E-Tabs – Xtron+, Xtron, Connect, E Tab Z7S Accessories – W520 Twice the power LAVA Mobiles is the leading manufacturer company of the electronic products such as Handsets, Datacards, Routers, Tablets etc. The recent handset release by the LAVA is the Iris 501. The company certainly focusing on building good &
- 23. reliable relations with the customers that’s why they’ve introduced the handsets which are affordable for all classes of people. The price range of the LAVA handsets starts from as low as INR 1,000 & as high as INR 20,000. The Datacards by LAVA provide high speed uninterrupted services. LAVA’s tablets have also acquired expected success in the market. The famous tablets by LAVA are XTRON, ETAB 27H & ETAB 27H+ all of them are operated on the latest Android OS. Mobile Phone Company Lava International has entered into an agreement with logistic firm FedEx to provide door-to-door delivery and repairing service for its Xolo smartphones customers. "We are working on the experience side of Xolo customers. Besides product quality, we will provide services to customer at their doorstep in 50 major cities. "They will not have to go to service centre for getting their phone repaired. This is first of its kind service by any handset company is providing in India," Lava co-founder and director Vishal Sehgal told PTI. xxiii Product Line Serial device servers represent LAVA’s flagship product line. LAVA Ether-Serial Links are specifically designed to IP-enable and control peripherals from a remote server. However, internal serial port boards for use in computer-based applications that require additional COM ports remain popular with system builders, resellers, and distributors worldwide. LAVA has also engineered the LAVA IP System (LIPS) for interfacing virtually any CPU to IP networks.
- 24. xxiv Engineering Philosophy Specialized focus: LAVA designs and manufactures only top quality serial, parallel, and Ethernet I/O boards and devices. As the only North American manufacturer of serial connectivity products LAVA engineers, manufactures, and tests all products at our Toronto, Canada headquarters. 100% product testing: LAVA uses only the highest quality components and subjects every final product to comprehensive testing before it leaves the factory, virtually eliminating reseller maintenance and servicing costs. Standards-based design: LAVA I/O products stringently conform to industry standards and protocols, ensuring compatibility and interoperability with other manufacturers’ hardware, software, and peripherals. Real-time technical support: LAVA Technical Support is staffed by technical engineers who provide both installation and operational support. They can answer questions or troubleshoot installations Monday through Friday, 9:00 a.m. to 5:00 p.m. EST. Custom solutions: Centralized operations uniquely position LAVA to create custom solutions for specialized users in POS, industrial, and other mission-critical environments. LAVA can tweak an existing design, or create a new board from the ground up. The LAVA facility is equipped with dual high-speed Surface Mount Technology assembly lines and the latest in wave solder equipment, ensuring highly dependable manufacturing capacity. Capable of both large volume and short production runs (with fast turnaround), LAVA prototyping and product launches are quick and cost-effective.
- 25. Co-branding/Marketing support: In addition to being an electronics manufacturer, LAVA also owns and operates a complete, in-house printing facility capable of high quality four-color print production runs. Boxes, documentation, product labels, and posters are all produced in-house. Big on personalized service, LAVA can accommodate customers with specific co-branding requirements and marketing support. LAVA Lifetime Warranty: LAVA warrants its hardware products to be free from defects in workmanship and materials under normal use and service, for life, while in the service of the original owner. xxv From the Manufacturer 4.5 inch FWVGA Display 217 PPI IPS Screen Full Lamination Iris X1 sports a beautiful 4.5-inch FWVGA IPS (854 x 480 pixels) display that offers high-quality colour-reproduction and great viewing angles. The fully laminated touch screen eliminates the air gaps between LCD and glass and makes it look perfectly black in sleep mode. 8.0 MP Camera with Dual LED Flash 2.0 MP front facing Camera 1.4 μm pixel BSI sensor Full HD (1080p) video recording 1/3.2-inch 8.0 MP OmniBSI+ CameraChip Sensor is built on advanced OmniBSI+ pixel architecture, providing improvements in low-light sensitivity. The pixel size of 1.4 × 1.4 provides captures more light, thus providing more clarity, contrast and
- 26. detail. 5-Elements Lens with Aperture of F/2.2 allows for more light to reach the Camera Sensor, thus improving the image quality in bright light as well as dark light. xxvi 1.2 GHz Processor Quad-core Processor 1 GB RAM, 8GB ROM 1800mAH Battery On the performance aspect, the smartphone provides an excellent experience on the back of a 1.2 GHz Quad-Core Broadcom BCM23550 processor powered by 1GB RAM. Iris X1 provides excellent 3D gaming experience and video performance with help of a specialized graphics engine based on Videocore multimedia technology. Android 4.4 Kitkat Out of the box Google Maps Google Play Store Kitkat - Out of the box Kitkat 4.4 in lava Iris X1 brings in an experience that will mesmerize you. Smooth and fast multitasking, amazing screen clarity, and much more to the kitty. 138 grams weight 8.9 mm thickness A genius in usability with no unwanted element and smooth handy grip, Lava iris X1 is meticulously detailed and crafted with precision 3.5mm audio jack and active noise cancellation with dedicated Dual Microphone option. It also brings along OTG Support and full HD 1080p Video Recording & Video Playback, 8GB internal storage expandable upto 32GB. It means that, now
- 27. customers would be able to download more applications on the internal memory, would be able to play heavy games and perform faster multi-tasking. xxvii 8GB ROM This partition is further subdivided into two portions Internal storage : 3.54 GB Meant for apps. Phone storage : 2.49 GB Meant for user data like images audios and videos Product categories: Long life battery mobile phones Dual reception mode handsets QWERTY keypad mobile phones Utility phones Multimedia mobile phones Universal remote control mobile phone Gaming mobile phone Smart phones 3G mobile phones Gravity phones
- 28. CHAPTER-5 COMPANY PROFILE xxviii LAVA at a Glance LAVA Computer MFG. Inc. headquartered in Toronto, Canada, designs and manufactures serial and parallel I/O boards and Ethernet-to-serial device servers widely used in the Point of Sale, Kiosk, Gaming, Industrial Automation, Hospitality, Security and Access Control industries. LAVA also has engineered the LAVA IP System (LIPS), an application-specific IP interface and hardware family for IP enabling Internet of Things devices quickly and at low cost. With well over a million LAVA products built into workstations, servers, retail POS systems, and industrial computers since 1984, LAVA I/O boards and Ether-Serial Links are trusted by resellers, distributors, OEMs and system builders in over 47 countries worldwide. Designed for lifetime performance, each LAVA connectivity link is individually tested and covered by the LAVA Lifetime Warranty.
- 29. xxix The Source for Ports LAVA specializes in serial connectivity, our core technological competence. This means we not only make standard and custom serial port products, we understand their application with external peripherals. Taking a strong partnership approach with our customers, resellers and distributors, our philosophy and tight integration of operations enables us to provide serial connectivity products that are Simple, Configurable, and Reliable. Company Overview LAVA has earned a solid reputation through its commitment to engineering excellence and application of quality I/O boards and devices. In recognition of its philosophy of making hardware easy to use, LAVA has enjoyed a number of industry ‘firsts’ over the years which include: 1. The first PCI interface in a compact form factor and low price point. (Today, LAVA’s PCI interface is still the lowest gate-count PCI ASIC bridge on the market). 2. The first IRQ-selectable multi-function boards. 3. The first true color graphics adapter for PCs. 4. The first 460.8 kbps serial communications accelerator. 5. The first PCI-based enhanced parallel port. 6. The first industry-leading lifetime warranty, available on all LAVA products. Established Founded in 1984 by Roman Wynnyckyj, President and Chief Design Engineer.
- 30. Lava International Limited manufactures mobile handsets. It offers tablets, Android based smartphones, touch phones, bar phones, budget phones, e-tabs, and accessories, as well as support services. The company provides its products through dealers in India. Lava International Limited was founded in 2009 and is based in Noida, India. Lava Reportedly Plans Sell Its 20% Stake To Raise INR 6000 Million Lava International Limited is planning to raise up to INR 6000 million by selling 20% stake to private equity firms, a person familiar with Lava plans said. "Around six PE firms have expressed interest in the company and it is in the process of selecting two firms," the person said, adding that the company has been valued at about INR 30 billion. Email query sent to Lava remained unanswered till the time of going to press. LAVA International Limited Signs Deal with Dubai's Sharaf Electronics LAVA International Limited announced that the firm has inked a deal with Sharaf Electronics. The deal will allow the LAVA to distribute its products, including smart phone devices, in the UAE and Bahrain through Sharaf Electronics' 21 stores. xxx
- 31. With its Headquarters at Noida, India, LAVA International Ltd. is one of the fastest growing Indian mobile handset brand, committed to empowering every user with quality and innovative products at affordable prices. Today, the brand takes pride in the wide range of handsets in its portfolio, ranging from 3G Android Smart Phone to the feature rich dual-SIM phones, to QWERTY, touch-enabled phones. LAVA boasts of a network of 1,000 distributors and its presence at 50,000 retail counters. LAVA International Ltd. has invested in a state-of-the-art, R&D centre in Shenzhen (China) and Bangalore (India). The company aims to carve a unique niche for itself by focusing on Innovation in fields like, Product, After-Sales Service and Distribution. The company aspires to become one of the strongest brands in the Telecom sector by offering its customers a unique proposition, unmatched by any other player in the industry. To empower people to do more, to be more No matter where we come from, there is no limit to how far we can go. We stand committed to serve our customers with utmost sincerity and building strong, unbreakable relationship with them while we remain connected to our highest purpose and pursue our ideals without fear or doubt. LAVA is the force that will empower us to do empower others. xxxi LAVA Core Values
- 32. xxxii Integrity Steadfast adherence to high moral and professional standards Passion for Excellence Intense keenness to stretch the limits of great in everything we do Adaptability The ability to quickly evolve in response to changing circumstances Lava international is one of the fastest growing brands in Indian mobile market today. The organization started operations only 30 months back and is rapidly growing its market share. "Get the power in your hand"- with this motto as the guiding principle, Lava embarked on its journey to empower people with innovative products. Today the brand has a wide range of handsets in its portfolio. The company has already expanded its operations in all the states of India and has a network of 1,000 distributors and presence in ~50,000 retail counters. Intel, Atom and the Intel logo are trademarks of Intel Corporation in the United States and other countries. Lava, Xolo and Lava Xolo are trademarks of Lava
- 33. International Ltd. * Other names and brands may be claimed as the property of others. Other than handsets this company also manufactures TV, data card, router, Tablet.The Company has experienced professionals who have vast knowledge in the field of telecom sector. Lava believes in integrity, passion for excellence and adaptability. It has service center and feedback and complaints centers all over the country. Since from the establishment Lava has launched various lava iris handsets and recently it has entered in the market of tablets. xxxiii Micromax – The Company: Micromax Informatics Limited is one of the leading consumer electronics company in India and the 10thlargest mobile phone player in the world. Over the past decade, Micromax has pioneered the democratization of technology in India by offering affordable innovations through their product offerings and removing barriers for large scale adoption of advanced technologies. Micromax is currently the 2nd largest smartphone company in India. Micromax is a brand which is close to the heart of the youth and celebrates the vibrancies of life and empowerment. It is a multinational company that serves worldwide in telecommunication field. The company belongs to Indian origin, headquartered in Gurgaon, India. Mainly it is known for mobile phone manufacturing. It is the largest domestic mobile brand in India and 12th largest handset manufacturer in the world. Mr. Rahul sharma co-founder of this Telecom Company and Bollywood actor Akshay kumar is their brand ambassador. The company is providing affordable handsets with latest technologies and features, to their customers. They have launched
- 34. several renewed products such as Micromax Android A60, Micromax A70, Micromax MMX400R and Micromax Funbook Tablet etc. MicroMax Computer Intelligence was founded in 1979 and maintains corporate headquarters in New York City. MicroMax is an engineering company, designing specialized computer systems for mission critical applications, with a client base that includes the transportation industry (rail, marine and air), various industrial and manufacturing enterprises as well as financial and federal and municipal agencies. In addition to its home base in the United States, MicroMax has offices in Russia, servicing the CIS, and the Baltic countries. The technical expertise of our highly knowledgeable and dedicated staff forms the backbone of our company. From the design stage to installation to our unsurpassed warranty, MicroMax clients are assured of the highest level of quality and service. MicroMax carries the line of over two dozen manufacturers of computer components, communications products and specialized electronics for automation and control, thereby enabling MicroMax to offer the best prices, state of the art equipment, knowledge of the marketplace as well as the latest technological developments to our clients. Our engineers are unsurpassed in their ability to analyze requirements and tailor a solution meeting all specifications which allow us to design M-Max systems to fit the specific technical requirements of the customer. From the design and planning stage until the system is fully operational, the MicroMax team can help you along each phase of your project: Evaluate current needs and future growth requirements Prepaqre specifications and recommendations for hardware and software xxxiv
- 35. Purchase, ship, deliver and install equioment and software xxxv Train personnel Our clients have the assurance that MicroMax personnel have the highest level of dedication and training and that MicroMax offers the unique combination of western business practices with the long standing tradition of fundamental technical education and training. Micromax Launches Windows Phone Devices Micromax has added the Canvas Win W121 and Canvas Win W092 Windows Phone devices to its portfolio. The Canvas Win W121 is a 5-inch device with HD IPS display, an 8-megapixel rear camera (with LED flash), a 2-megapixel front-facing camera, and 8GB of built in storage with up to 32GB of expandable memory. The device is powered by a Qualcomm Snapdragon 200 quad-core processor with 1GB of memory. The Canvas Win W121 is equipped with proximity, gravity, and light sensors, an accelerometer, Dual-SIM capability, and comes with a leather finish back panel. Micromax Launches Canvas Nitro A310 on Snapdeal Micromax launched its latest smartphone Canvas Nitro A310 in India, priced at INR 12,990, in partnership with Snapdeal. Canvas Nitro is packed with a 1.7GHz Tru octa-core processor, 5-inch HD IPS display. The device runs on the latest Android 4.4 KitKat operating system and features a 13MP rear camera with LED flash and a 5MP front-facing camera. The smartphone comes with a 2500mAh battery, 2GB RAM and 8GB internal storage. Canvas Nitro users can get access to a number of features including voice search, Google Drive, Hangouts for video calls, smart contact prioritisation etc. Available in Mystic blue and Pristine white colors with a premium leather finish back, Canvas Nitro comes with software
- 36. features like QuickLook, Smart Alerts, All-in-one camera widget and customised gestures. Micromax Informatics was incorporated as “Micromax Informatics Private Limited” on March 29, 2000 under the Companies Act with the RoC. Subsequently, the company became a public limited company pursuant to a shareholders resolution dated June 26, 2000 and the name of the company was changed to “Micromax Informatics Limited” pursuant to a fresh certificate of incorporation from the RoC on August 3, 2001. The company is engaged in the business of mobile handsets and mobile data cards. They were previously engaged in the business of software and e-commerce development. The company is not operating under any injunction or restraining order. They are the largest Indian domestic mobile handsets company in terms of units shipped during the quarter ended March 31, 2010 and the third largest mobile handset seller in India as at March 31, 2010. They were the fastest growing among India's top five mobile brands during the twelve month period ended March 31, 2010 compared to the twelve month period ended March 31, 2009 in terms of the number of shipments. They sold 7.05 million mobile handsets in fiscal 2010. Their handset sales have grown by 132.43% from 1.11 million units in the quarter ended June 30, 2009 to 2.58 million units in the quarter ended March 31, 2010. They also sell mobile data cards for computers under their own brand to service providers in India. All of their promoters have a background in engineering and an average of more than 10 years experience each in the information technology and telecommunications industry. In 2009, TA Associates, a private equity firm based in the United States, through its associate, Wagner, acquired a stake in the xxxvi
- 37. company and currently holds 15.00% of the pre-Issue capital of the company. Furthermore, Sequoia Capital, Sandstone and Madison, through their affiliates, acquired 5.77% of the current pre-Issue capital of the company in September 2010. xxxvii Milestones: 2000 Incorporation of the company. 2001 Started its software and e-commerce development business. 2003 Started its embedded technology business. Developed Digitally Automated Traffic Information System, a proprietary security software for Airport Authority of India. 2005 Started machine to machine (M2M) distribution for Nokia fixed terminals and modules. 2006 Launched self-branded products under the brand name of Micromax. 2007 Started self branded mobile data card business and discontinued our software, e-commerce development and embedded technology business.
- 38. xxxviii 2008 Started assembling of fixed phone and terminals wireless. Started the mobile handset business. Tied up with BSNL for 3G data cards. Tie-up with Airtel for launching data cards. 2010 Tied up with ONGC and MTNL for supplying of Data Cards. Co-sponsored Apsara awards, the first sponsored event by the company Private equity investment by Wagner Title sponsor for IIFA Awards 2011 Purchase of 301,260 Equity Shares by Sequoia Capital, Sandstone and Madison from the Promoters Subsidiary: Micromax Informatics FZE (Micromax FZE) - Their subsidiary, Micromax FZE was incorporated on January 21, 2010 pursuant to the regulations regarding the establishment of a Free Zone Establishment under the laws of the United Arab Emirates, with registration number RAKFTZA-FZE-4003969. Micromax FZE is engaged in the business of, export operations of the products of our Company. The paid up capital of Micromax FZE is AED 100,000 (divided into 100,000 equity shares of AED 1 each). Their company holds 100,000 equity shares in Micromax FZE, i.e. 100% of the issued and paid up capital of Micromax FZE.
- 39. Micromax Informatics, Ltd. is an India-based Company, which manufactures and wholesales mobile phones and accessories. The Company started as a telecom equipment distributor in the year 2000 and entered the mobile handset market in April 2008. The Company offers mobile phone solutions and wireless technologies. It also offers mobile phones and wireless data cards, including group special mobile and code division multiple access, dual subscriber identity module, music-touch, lifestyle, and utility phones. The Company serves Ambala, Jallandhar, Jaipur, Lucknow, Agra, Patna, Durgapur, Haldia, Dehradun, and Shimla markets in India. It also has operations in Hong Kong, Bangladesh, Nepal, Sri-Lanka, Maldives, United Arab Emirates, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Qatar, Oman, Afghanistan and Brazil. xxxix
- 40. CHAPTER-6 DATA ANALYSIS xl 1. Display The Micromax Unite 2 A106 poses a large 4.7-inch, IPS LCD, 480 x 800 pixels, 16M color display offering a clear view from a wider range of angles and a rich experience with a pixel density of 199 ppi. Taking design cues from the Iris Pro series, the Lava Iris X1 is quite a looker. Sleek at 8.9mm, it flaunts a 4.5-inch LCD display with a resolution of 480 x 854 pixels 2. Processor Under the hood, the smartphone comes with 1.3GHz Cortex A7 quad-core processor based on MediaTek chipset and 1GB RAM thereby offering a flawless processing experience. The presence of Mali 400MP2 GPU shows that the device is made for handling powerful games at ease. The device gets power from a 1.2GHz Broadcom quad-core BCM23550 processor, accompanied by 1GB of RAM. 3. Operating system It runs the latest Android v4.4.2 KitKat OS which enables you to spend a more intuitive time with an all new range of apps and features. You can easily select the apps, documents, files or features which need to be accessed more frequently and search them simply using your voice. Lava phones run Android 4.4.2 KitKat out-of- the-box.
- 41. xli 4. Camera On the rear panel of the device is a 5MP autofocus camera equipped with LED flash that offers a resolution of 2,592 x 1,944 pixels and can be operated in HDR and panorama modes. It shoots HD videos as well. Enjoy video chatting or click selfies and share them with your friends with a powerful 2MP front fixed focus shooter. For photography, the Lava Iris X1 is equipped with an 8-megapixel camera with BSI+ sensor and dual LED flash, to improve image quality in poor lighting conditions. The camera can also record 1080p resolution videos. The device also carries a 2MP front camera for selfies and video calling. 5. Storage The Micromax Unite 2 A106 comes with the usual 4GB of internal memory and a microSD slot that is expandable up to 32GB. For storage, it has 4GB of inbuilt storage, which can be expanded up to 32GB via micro SD cards. 6. Battery and Connectivity The Micromax Unite 2 A106 sports all the regular connectivity and networking options like dual SIM slots, GPS/AGPS, 3G, Wi-Fi hotspot, Wi-Fi 802.11, b/g/n, Bluetooth v4.0 and USB port. It is fuelled by a decent 2,000mAh Li-ion battery offering up to 190 hours of standby time and up to 8 hours of talktime in 2G mode. On the connectivity front, the X1 comes with usual features including 3G, Bluetooth 4.0 LE, Wi-Fi and GPS. It also comes with the USB On-the-Go feature allowing you to connect flash drives. The X1 has been fuelled by an 1,800mAh battery.
- 42. Processor Lava Iris X5 and Micromax Canvas 2 Colors A120 both have xlii similar processors. Better processor means better performance of the phone. RAM Lava Iris X5 and Micromax Canvas 2 Colors A120 both have same amount of RAM More RAM helps a smartphone running more application at the same time. So, more RAM means better performance of the device while gaming and web browsing. Display Lava Iris X5 has same screen resolution as in Micromax Canvas 2 Colors A120.Lava Iris X5 has same screen resolution as in Micromax Canvas 2 Colors A120 Bigger screens means you have more space to interact with phone and applications. And better resolution means sharper images, videos and text. Camera Rear Camera: Lava Iris X5 and Micromax Canvas 2 Colors A120 both have similar camera Front Camera: Lava Iris X5 and Micromax Canvas 2 Colors A120 both have front camera. Lava Iris X5 has better front camera than Micromax Canvas 2 Colors A120
- 43. Battery Lava Iris X5 has more battery capacity than Micromax Canvas xliii 2 Colors A120 The higher the battery capacity, the longer the battery of the smartphone will last. GENERAL FEATURES MICROMAX LAVA In Sales Package Handset, Battery, Charger, Earphone, USB Cable, User Manual, Warranty Card Charger, Handset, Battery, User Manual, Headset, Data Cable Form Bar Bar SIM Type Dual SIM, GSM GSM Single SIM, GSM Touch Screen Capacitive Touchscreen Yes, Capacitive Touchscreen Business Features Document viewer - Photo viewer/editor - Voice memo/dial - Predictive text input Document Viewer, Pushmail (ActiveSync), Quick Office Call Features -- Conference Call, Speed Dialing, Loudspeaker, Call Divert Handset Color Grey, White, Green, Red White Type of Headset -- -- Headset Design -- -- Wired/Wireless -- --
- 44. xliv Platform Operating Freq -- -- OS Android 4.4.2 Android 4.4.2 Processor 1.3GHz quad-core -- Graphics -- -- Display Type -- -- Size 4.70 inches 4.5 Inch Resolution 480x800 pixels -- Color -- -- Camera Primary Camera 5.0MP -- Secondary Camera 2.0MP 8 MP Flash -- -- Video Recording -- -- HD Recording -- -- Other Camera Features -- -- Dimensions Size -- -- Weight -- -- Battery Type 2000 mAH, Li-ion -- Memory and Storage Internal 4 GB -- Expandable Memory MicroSD upto 32 GB --
- 45. Memory 1 GB -- xlv Internet & Connectivity Internet Features -- -- Preinstalled Browser -- -- GPRS -- -- EDGE -- -- 3G -- -- Wifi 802.11 b/ g/ n -- USB Connectivity -- -- Tethering -- -- Navigation Technology -- -- Bluetooth Yes -- Audio Jack 3.5 mm -- Multimedia Music Player Yes -- Video Player Yes -- Other Features SAR Value -- -- Call Memory Yes Yes SMS Memory Yes Yes Phone Book Memory Yes Yes Sensors -- -- Additional Features -- -- Important Apps -- -- ADDITIONAL FEATURES Other Control Features -- --
- 46. Call Controls -- -- Music Controls -- -- Audio Codec -- -- Bluetooth Range -- -- Bluetooth Profile -- -- Bluetooth Version -- -- Microphone Type -- -- Other Sound Features -- -- Factors To Decide Which Device You Should Buy) xlvi Better Camera Resolution Lava Iris X1 8 MP Micromax Unite 2 A106 (4GB) 5 MP Around 60% more mega pixels (MP) than Micromax Unite 2 A106 (4GB). More resolution generally means better picture quality, though it's not always necessary. Longer Battery Talk Time Lava Iris X1 585 Minutes Micromax Unite 2 A106 (4GB) 480 Minutes Around 21% longer Battery Talk Time than Micromax Unite 2 A106 (4GB). With longer battery talk time, you can talk on your device continously without charging.
- 47. xlvii Bigger Battery Lava Iris X1 1800 mAH Micromax Unite 2 A106 (4GB) 2000 mAH Around 11% more Battery Capacity than Lava Iris X1. With more battery size, device's battery can generally last more time, though it depends on various other factors too.
- 48. xlviii
- 49. CHAPTER-7 CONCLUSION Lava Iris 504q boasts a 5 inch HD Display (1280x720 pixels) with a high pixel density of 294PPI. Under the hood, there is a 1.2GHz Quad-core processor which is paired with 1GB RAM. The phone comes with an internal memory of 4GB and is expandable upto 32GB. It features a 8 Megapixel rear camera and a 2 Megapixel secondary camera. The phone is capable of recording Full HD videos. It supports Dual-SIM and 3G connectivity. To power this device, a 2000mAh battery has been included which should be just about sufficient to juice the large display alongside four cores. The Lava Iris Pro 30 and the Lava Iris 504Q+ can be considered as its alternatives from the same stable. Micromax Canvas HD A116 is the successor to the immensely popular A110. Micromax did well with the Canvas 2 and it sold on a premium in local markets owing to stock shortages. The A116 brings the same screen size of 5" with Android, but Micromax seems to have worked on the display quality this time. Micromax has a 1.2GHz Quad Core processor powering the A116 and a 1GB RAM to back it up. Stock Android version 4.2 (Jelly Bean) helps the case for them. The 8MP camera produces 720p videos, which we would hope is better than its predecessor. The 5" LCD sports a resolution of 1280x720, which keeps the Canvas series in competition with Samsung Galaxy Note 2. xlix
- 50. Lava E-Tab XTRON is a winner in its comparison with Micromax Funbook P600. Lava E-Tab XTRON comes out ahead in 4 features that we consider for the comparison while Micromax Funbook P600 comes out ahead on 2 reasons. Please remember that Micromax Funbook P600 at N/A is 0% more expensive than Lava E-Tab XTRON. You should select Lava E-Tab XTRON if you are interested in Powerful Battery type, Better Operating System, Lighter phone, Powerful Processor. You should select Micromax Funbook P600 if you are interested in Smaller Size, More Time for Internet Browsing. The Micromax Unite 2 A106 is an attractive and affordable smartphone with latest OS backed by a powerful processor-RAM duo. The smartphone is available in a wide range of attractive colors including balmy green, raging red, pristine white and mystic grey. The Lava Iris X1 not just looks good but scores great on other fronts as well. Integration of Android KitKat and 8MP camera at this price is commendable. With its premium look and powerful hardware, the Iris X1 comes as a nice alternative if you did not like the dull looks and mediocre camera of the Moto E. l
- 51. QUESTIONNAIRE li Q1. Are you using a mobile phone? a) Yes b) No Q2. Which company handset are you using? a) Nokia b) Samsung c) Micromax d) Lava e) Others Q3. Are you satisfied with the handset you are using? a) Yes b) No Q4. Do you think lava phones are value for money? a) Yes b) No
- 52. Q5. What according to you is the most important additional feature that should be present in a phone? lii a) Bluetooth b) Front Camera c) MP3 d) Flashlight e) Others Q6. How important is the after sale services in a mobile phone industry? a) Very important b) Not so important Q7. How long are you using the mobile phones? a) Less than 1 year b) One year c) Two years d) Four years e) Above 4 years Q8. What new mobile facility you are aware of ?
- 53. liii a) GPRS b) GPS Settings c) 3G d) Video call e) Others Q9. Where did you often see the mobile phone advertisement? a) Newspapers b) Magazines c) Television d) Online e) Radio f) Others Q10. How much did you pay for the model you are using (in rupees)? a) 1000-5000 b) 5000-10000 c) 10000-15000 d) 15000-20000 e) Above 20000
- 54. Q11. Are you worried about the possible health risks of using mobile phones? liv a) Yes b) No Q12. According to you what are the negatives in your handset? (mention if any) ----------------------------------------------- Please fill the details Name: ---------- Address: ----------- Phone no.:----------
- 55. BIBLIOGRAPHY lv 1. www.lavamobiles.com 2. Forbes India magazines 3. www.scribd.com 4. www.micromaxinfo.com 5. www.slideshare.net 6. www.sagmart.com 7. Telecomtalk.info 8. www.intc.com 9. www.ccrm.in 10. www.micromax.com