Public Service Media as an Open Ecosystem
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This document discusses challenges facing public service media in the digital era and opportunities for public service media to create an open ecosystem. It argues that public service media should open itself up by cooperating with other public media organizations, making content available to audiences on third-party platforms, and licensing content under free and open licenses to partner with non-profit organizations like Wikipedia. Examples are given of how public broadcasters in Germany are beginning to adopt more open strategies, like making historical videos available on Wikipedia. The document advocates for public service media to act as platform operators and curators within a shared "public open space," cooperating with other organizations for common good, innovation, and public value.
Public Service Media as an Open Ecosystem
- 1. PUBLIC SERVICE MEDIA AS AN OPEN ECOSYSTEM Leonhard Dobusch University of Innsbruck May 10, 2020 Palacký University in Olomouc, Internet
- 2. Prologue
- 3. The ZDF Television Council Advocate of the Audience The Television Council represents the public interest vis-à-vis the ZDF. “
- 4. Plenary of the "Fernsehrat" (Picture illegaly taken because § 9 of the Fernsehrat's Rule of Procedure do not allow audio or video recordings, even in public meetings, license: CC BY 4.0)
- 6. TWO CORE TOPICS Make Television Council (more) transparent Public Service Media in digital publics
- 7. TWO CORE TOPICS Make Television Council (more) transparent Public Service Media in digital publics
- 9. Private, for-profit media Public Service Media Non-profit media Low-threshold publication activities
- 11. Journalistic research Impulses from third parties Editorial selection Publication PUBLIC Algorithmic processes User interaction (likes, shares,…) Publication (e.g., by private individuals, media, corporations, science, politics, etc.) PUBLIC >> OLD MEDIA >> NEW MEDIA Basiert auf Benkler (2006); Grafik adaptiert nach Lischka & Stöcker (2017: 19), https://www.bertelsmann- stiftung.de/fileadmin/files/BSt/Publikationen/GrauePublikationen/Digitale_Oeffentlichkeit_final.pdf
- 12. Journalistic research Impulses from third parties Editorial selection Publication PUBLIC Algorithmic processes User interaction (likes, shares,…) Publication (e.g., by private individuals, media, corporations, science, politics, etc.) PUBLIC >> OLD MEDIA >> NEW MEDIA Basiert auf Benkler (2006); Grafik adaptiert nach Lischka & Stöcker (2017: 19), https://www.bertelsmann- stiftung.de/fileadmin/files/BSt/Publikationen/GrauePublikationen/Digitale_Oeffentlichkeit_final.pdf
- 13. Digital Challenges for Public Service Media
- 14. Quelle:“Akzeptanz der ZDF-Angebote 2019, Vorlage zur 16. Sitzung des Fernsehrats in der XV. Amtsperiode am 20. März 2020 Abbildung 1: Sehdauerentwicklung Bewegtbild / Jahr 2010 bis Jahr 2019 – Erwachsene ab 14 Jahre / Erwachsene 14-49 Jahre Quelle TV u. AGF Streaming: ZDF Medienforschung, AGF in Zusammenarbeit mit GfK, Nielsen und ANKORDATA, DAP videoSCOPE 1.3 bis 2016 Marktstandard TV, ab 2017 Marktstandard Bewegtbild (Haushalte mit TV-Geräten und Internet-Only-Haushalte); Quelle SVOD: Goldmedia VOD-Ratings; Quelle YouTube ARD/ZDF-Onlinestudie 2019. -28% since 2011
- 18. If you can’t beat them, join them?
- 19. Growing importance of for-profit third-party platforms
- 20. Growing importance of for-profit third-party platforms
- 24. SENDUNGSBEZUG
- 25. 60+ YouTube channels Budget ~€45 Mio/year Content from entertainment to science communication >1 billion views by 2018 >80% publicity in target group 14-29 Platform-oriented offer for young audiences
- 29. Channel Silos Outside of the Platforms
- 31. 21.390 searches for „Bad Banks“ the ARD Media Library (March 2018 - Februrary 2019)
- 32. 21.390 searches for „Bad Banks“ the ARD Media Library (March 2018 - Februrary 2019)
- 33. Searches for ZDF brodcasts in the ARD Media Library (March 2018 - February 2019) 21.390 16.026 12.809 47.468
- 35. Since May 1, 2019 more FREEDOM TO LINK
- 36. CEOs of ZDF and ARD
- 37. Handshake by Sam Garner from the Noun Project
- 42. Public Service Media Network
- 43. Public Service Media Ecosystem
- 44. Public Service Media Ecosystem OPENING AND OPENNESS For generating public network effects
- 45. Towards other public service media Towards the audience Towards other non-profit media OPENING AND OPENNESS
- 46. Opening towards other public service media
- 47. Source https://www.ard-digital.de/empfang--technik/apps-der-ard (06.05.2019) Infrastructure - Interfaces - Metadata standards - Content Delivery Networks - Joint data centers Opening towards other public service media
- 48. Infrastructure - Interfaces - Metadata standards - Content Delivery Networks - Joint data centers »Neutral service provider Opening towards other public service media
- 49. Opening towards the audience
- 50. Taken from: "Entwurf für ein neues Telemedienkonzept für das ZDF"; quote has been read out loud during the Fernsehrat's public meeting at September 13, 2019. Platform strategy document of the ZDF User comments are highly relevant but only available at private platforms such as YouTube.
- 51. Example: Public playlists at open.spotify.com Opening towards the audience
- 52. You Upload of User-Generated Content Tube Opening towards the audience
- 53. Upload of User-Generated Content Tube r You Opening towards the audience
- 54. Opening towards non-profit media
- 55. Wikipedia is (the) key.
- 56. Every Internet user in the OECD visits on average more than nine Wikipedia articles per month. “ Steinmaurer, T. & Wenzel, C. (2015): Public Network Value: Public Value-Studie des ORF in Kooperation mit dem Bayrischen Rundfunk; translation LD.
- 57. Wikipedia - largely texts - hardly any video content ZDF - mostly video content - only texts related to TV content
- 58. Wikipedia & Public Service Media both devoted to quality content in the public interest PERFECT MATCH
- 59. Wish list of Wikipedians* Historical Explainers Documentaries Election reports Still images Infographics Quotes In-house content *Initiated by German Wikipedian Kurt Jansson: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benutzer:Kurt_Jansson/%C3%96R
- 60. Wish list of Wikipedians* Historical Explainers Documentaries Election reports Still images Infographics Quotes In-house con *Initiated by German Wikipedian Kurt Jansson: https://de.wikipedia.org/wiki/Benutzer:Kurt_Jansson/%C3%96R No Fiction No GEMA music No news agency content
- 61. Campaign by Wikimedia Germany inspired by "public money - public code" Source: https://www.wikimedia.de/oeffentliches-gut/
- 62. Pioneering example of "Terra X" at ZDF
- 67. …
- 68. ZDF Terra X Videos in Wikepdia (Views/Month)
- 70. Reach rules.
- 71. Prophecy By 2028 public service media will beg Wikipedians to take and embed their content.
- 72. Ecosystem needs more than THE FREEDOM TO LINK
- 75. Private, for-profit media Public Service Media Non-profit media Low-threshold publication activities PUBLIC OPEN SPACE Cooperation Cooperation? Curating Licensing Financing Common Good Innovation
- 76. Private, for-profit media Public Service Media Non-profit media Low-threshold publication activities PUBLIC OPEN SPACE Cooperation Cooperation? Curating Financing Common Good Innovation Public Service Platforms Licensing
- 77. Private, for-profit media Public Service Media Non-profit media Low-threshold publication activities PUBLIC OPEN SPACE Cooperation Cooperation? Curating Financing Common Good Innovation Public Service Platforms Licensing
- 78. #FERNSEHRAT »Neues aus dem Fernsehrat«
- 79. CONTACT E-Mail: Leonhard.Dobusch@uibk.ac.at Twitter: @leonidobusch (#Fernsehrat for Television Board tweets) Web: bit.ly/LD-UIBK // www.dobusch.net Research blogs: governancexborders.com // osconjunction.net
- 80. <Backup> Why are free licenses so hard for Public Service Media?
- 81. FEARS OF MANIPULATION Of course, restrictive licenses do not prohibit information manipulation by third-parties. However, it makes a difference when this happens with or without our explicit consent. “ Rationale for choice of restrictive licenses in the context of public service media; shortened and anonymized, translation L.D. #1
- 82. #2 MANY RIGHTSHOLDERS Very difficult for any type of archival content
- 85. REMUNERATION RULES #3 Fees for repeated broadcasting Secondary licensing Particularly freelancers
- 86. #1-3 ADDITIONAL EFFORTS FEARS OF MANIPULATION MANY RIGHTSHOLDERS REMUNERATION RULES
- 87. § Free licenses as public subsidy in violation of EU competition law? Example: what about commercial publishers? Educational material BONUS PROBLEM >> non-selectivity of license use is key