This study developed a taxonomy of adaptive job performance based on an analysis of over 1,000 critical incidents from 21 jobs. The taxonomy proposed 8 dimensions of adaptive performance: solving problems creatively, dealing with uncertain situations, learning new tasks/technologies, demonstrating interpersonal adaptability, demonstrating cultural adaptability, and demonstrating physical adaptability. The taxonomy was then empirically tested using a job adaptability inventory completed by over 3,300 respondents across 24 jobs, providing support for the 8-factor model of adaptive performance.