PYTHON

Python
Introduction
CREATED BY RIDA ZAMAN 1

Python
• High Level Programming Language for general
purpose programming
( general-purpose programming language is a
programming language designed to be used for
writing software in a wide variety of application
domains)
• Created by Guido Van Rossum
• Release in 1991
• Interpreted not Compiled
• Open Source

Why Python?

Advantages
● Easy to Learn
● Simple Syntax
● Write Less. Do More.
● Code Readability
● Versatile and Flexible

Possibilities
● Machine Learning
● Computer Vision
● Web Development
● Game Development
● Web Scraping
● Desktop Applications

Machine Learning
● Chat bots
● Speech Recognition
● Anti Virus
● Cancer Detection

Computer Vision
● Self Driving Cars
● Image Recognition
● Gesture Recognition
● Robots
● Image Enhancement

Web Development
● Instagram
● Youtube
● Pinterest

Game Development

Web Scraping
● News Scraping
● Price Comparison
● Reviews
● Monitoring
To grab or capture the textual information
In a particular file format through a third
party software without opening the web
Page in a web browser

Desktop Application

SCOPE

Job Trends

Popularity

INSTALLATION

Installation
www.python.org

IDE’s for Python
• Idle
• Atom
• Editra
• PyCharm
• Gedit
• PythonWin
• Spyder

CODING
(SIMPLE PROGRAMS)

Basic syntax of a python program is
too simple than other languages:
Python:
>>> print(“Hello World
!”)
Java:
public class HelloWorld
{
public static void
main(String[] args)
{
System.out.println("Hell
o, World");
}
}
C :
#include<stdio.h>
void main()
{
printf(“Hello World !”);
}

Read User Input from Keyboard in
Python:
>>> # Python Basic Syntax - Example Program
>>> strn = input("Enter your name: ")
>>> print("Your name is ", strn);

Comments:
• Single line comment
• All characters after hash (#) sign referred as
comment (single line comment), up to the
physical line end.
• Example:
# Python Basic Syntax - Example Program
# We are comments
print("Hello World, I am Python");

Multiline Comments:
• multiline comments are used inside triple
quotes.Multiline starting commenting code is
''' and ending with same, that is ''‘.
• Example:
''' this
Is
Multiline comment ''‘
Print(“ Hello Python, n This is multiline comment”)

Delete keyword:
• To delete the variable in python, use the keyword
del.
• Example:
num1 = 10
num2 = 20
print("num1 = ", num1, " and num2 = ", num2);
del num1, num2
print("num1 = ", num1, " and num2 = ", num2);

Strings:
• Strings are contiguous set of characters in
between quotation marks. You are free to use
either pairs of single or double quotes to use
the strings in your python program.
• Example:
str1 = 'Hello Python‘
str2 = "This is Python Strings Example"

Concept and use of string in python:
# Python String - Example
str = 'Hello Python’
1- print (str) # this will print the complete string
2- print (str[0]) # this will print the first character of
the string
3- print (str[2:8]) # this will print the characters starting
from 3rd to 8th
4- print (str[3:]) # this will print the string starting from
the 4th character
5- print (str * 3) # this will print the string three times
6- print (str + "String") # this will print the concatenated
string
7- Print (len(str)) # this will print the length of string

Operators:
• Arithmetic Operators
• Comparison (Relational) Operators
• Logical Operators
• Assignment Operators
• Bitwise Operators
• Membership Operators
• Identity Operators

Operator Name Meaning
+ Addition Operator Add two values
- Subtraction Operator Used for subtraction
* Multiplication Operator Used for multiplication
/ Division Operator Used for division
% Modulus Operator
Returns remainder after
dividing
// Floor Division Operator
Returns the quotient
without any digits after
decimal
** Exponent Operator
Used to perform
exponential calculation
on operators
Python Arithmetic Operators
Here the following table lists the arithmetic operators (7) available in
python with their name and meaning:

# Python Operators - Python Arithmetic Operators - Example Program
num1 = 23
num2 = 10
print("If num1 = 23 and num2 = 10. Then,");
res = num1 + num2
print("num1 + num2 = ", res)
res = num1 - num2
print("num1 - num2 = ", res)
res = num1 * num2
print("num1 * num2 = ", res)
res = num1 / num2
print("num1 / num2 = ", res)
res = num1 % num2
print("num1 % num2 = ", res)
#changing the values of num1 and num2
num1 = 2
num2 = 3
print("nIf num1 = 2 and num2 = 3. Then,");
res = num1 ** num2
print("num1 ** num2 = ", res)
#again changing the values of num1 and num2
num1 = 10
num2 = 5
print("nIf num1 = 10 and num2 = 5. Then,");
res = num1 // num2
print("num1 // num2 = ", res)

Python Comparison Operators:
Operator Meaning
==
Returns true if values of the two operands are equal,
otherwise returns false if not equal
!=
Returns true if value of the two operands are not
equal, otherwise returns false if equal
>
Returns true if value of the left operand is greater
than right one, otherwise false if value of the right
operand is greater than left one
<
Returns true if value of the left operand is less than
right one, otherwise false if value of the right operand
is less than left one
>=
Returns true if value of the left operand is greater
than or equal to the value of the right one, otherwise
false if value of the right operand is greater than left
one
<=
Returns true if value of the left operand is
less than or equal to right one, otherwise
false if value of the right operand is less
than or equal to left one
Here the following lists the comparison operators (6) available in Python:

# Python Operators - Comparison Operators -
Example Program
num1 = 23
num2 = 10
print("If num1 = 23 and num2 = 10. Then,");
if(num1 == num2):
print("num1 is equal to num2");
elif(num1 != num2):
print("num1 is not equal to num2");
elif(num1 < num2):
print("num1 is less than num2");
elif(num1 > num2):
print("num1 is greater than num2");
elif(num1 <= num2):
print("num1 is either less than or equal to num2");
elif(num1 >= num2):
print("num1 is either greater than or equal to
num2");
# changing the values of num1 and num2
num1 = 40
num2 = 40
print("n If num1 = 40 and num2 = 40. Then,");
if(num1 <= num2):
print("num1 is either less than or equal to num2");
else:
print("num1 is neither less than or equal to
num2");
if(num1 >= num2):
print("num1 is either greater than or equal to
num2");
else:
print("num1 is neither greater than or equal to
num2"); CREATED BY RIDA ZAMAN 30

Python Assignment Operators:
Assume variable a holds 30 and variable b
holds 18, and c is a variable.

CON’T:

EXAMPLE CODE:
a,b=30,18
print('a=',a)
print('b=',b) c=a+b
print('c=a+b=',c)
c+=a #c=c+a c=48+30=78 now c is 78
print('c=c+a=',c)
c-=a #c=c-a c=78-30=48 now c is 48
print('c=c-a=',c)
c*=a #c=c*a c=48*30=1440 now c is 1440
print('c=c*a=',c)
c/=a #c=c/a c=1440/30=48 now c is 48

CON’T:
print('c=c/a=',c)
c%=a #c=c%a c=48%30=18 now c is 18
print('c=c%a=',c)
c**=a #c=c**a
c=18^30=4.551715960790334e+37 now c is
4.551715960790334e+37
print('c=c^a=',c)
c//=a #c=c//a
c=4.551715960790334e+37//30=1.517238653596778e+3
6 now c is 1.517238653596778e+36
print('c=c//a‘,c)

RESULT:
a= 30
b= 18
c=a+b= 48
c=c+a= 78
c=c-a= 48
c=c*a= 1440
c=c/a= 48.0
c=c%a= 18.0
c=c^a= 4.551715960790334e+37
c=c//a 1.517238653596778e+36

Python Bitwise Operators :
Bitwise operator works on bits and performs bit
by bit operation.

CON’T:

CON’T:
Assume if a = 60; and b = 13; Now in binary format they will be as follows
a=0011 1100
b=0000 1101
|
Binary OR
a | b Does a "bitwise or". Each bit of the output is 0 if the corresponding
bit of a AND of b is 0, otherwise it's 1.

CON’T:
a & b Does a "bitwise and". Each bit of the
output is 1 if the corresponding bit of a AND
of b is 1, otherwise it's 0.

CON’T:
^
Binary XOR
x ^ y Does a "bitwise exclusive or". Each bit of the output
is the same as the corresponding bit in x if that bit in y
is 0, and it's the complement of the bit in x if that bit in
y is 1.

CON’T:
~
Binary Ones Complement
~ a Returns the complement of x - the number you get by switching
each 1 for a 0 and each 0 for a 1. This is the same as -a - 1.

CON’T:
<<
Binary Left Shift
a << 2 Returns a with the bits shifted to the left by 2
places (and new bits on the right-handside are zeros).
a<<2 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0<<2 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 240
>>
Binary Right Shift
a >> 2 Returns a with the bits shifted to the right by 2
places (and new bits on the left-hand side are zeros).
a>>2 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0>> 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 15

CON’T:

EXAMPLE CODE
a=0b00111100 b=0b00001101 print('a=',bin(a),'b=',bin(b))
print('a or b is=',bin(a|b))
print('a and b is=',bin(a&b))
print('a xor b is=',bin(a^b))
print('Ones Complement of a=',bin(~a))
print('a Left Shift by 2 is',bin(a<<2))
print('a Right Shift by 2 is',bin(a>>2))
RESULT
a= 0b111100 b= 0b1101
a or b is= 0b111101
a and b is= 0b1100
a xor b is= 0b110001
Ones Complement of a= -0b111101
a Left Shift by 2 is 0b11110000
a Right Shift by 2 is 0b1111

Python Logical Operators
here are following logical operators supported
by Python language. Assume variable a holds
10 and variable b holds 20 then

EXAMPLE CODE
a,b=10,20
c=c=(a>11)and (b>10) # 0 and 1 so result is false
print(c)
c=(a>11)or(b>10) # 0 or 1 so result is true print(c)
a,b=10,20
c=not((a>11)and (b>10)) # not(0 and 1)=not(false) so
result is true
print(c)
RESULT
False
True
True

Python Membership Operators
Python’s membership operators test for
membership in a sequence, such as strings, lists,
or tuples. There are two membership operators
as explained below.

Python Logical Operators
here are following logical operators supported
by Python language. Assume variable a holds
10 and variable b holds 20 then

EXAMPLE CODE
a=[1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10] # a is a list
print(3 in a) # 3 in list a so result is true
print(20 in a) # 20 not in list a so result is false
print(3 not in a) # 3 not in list a ,(but 3 in list a) so result is false
print(20 not in a) # 20 not in list a ,(but 20 not in list a ) so result is
true
RESULT
True
False
False
True

Python Identity Operators
Identity operators compare the memory locations
of two objects. There are two Identity operators
as explained below.

EXAMPLE CODE
a,b=10,100
print(a is b)
print(a is not b)
RESULT
False
True

Variables :
Python is dynamically typed. You do not need to
declare variables!
The declaration happens automatically when you
assign a value to a variable.
Variables can change type, simply by assigning
them a new value of a different type.

CON’T:
Python allows you to assign a single value to
several variables simultaneously.
You can also assign multiple objects to
multiple variables.

THE END
SUBMITTED BY:
RIDA ZAMAN
RIDA FATIMA
SADAF REASHEED

PYTHON

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