![Starting a New App
$ rails
Usage:
rails APP_PATH [options]
Options:
‐O, [‐‐skip‐activerecord] # Skip ActiveRecord files
‐r, [‐‐ruby=PATH] # Path to the Ruby binary of your choice
# Default: /Users/greggpollack/.rvm/rubies/ruby‐
‐T, [‐‐skip‐testunit] # Skip TestUnit files
[‐‐dev] # Setup the application with Gemfile pointing
to your rails checkout
‐J, [‐‐skip‐prototype] # Skip Prototype files
‐G, [‐‐skip‐git] # Skip Git ignores and keeps
‐m, [‐‐template=TEMPLATE] # Path to an application template
‐d, [‐‐database=DATABASE] # Preconfigure for selected database
[‐‐edge] # Setup the application with Gemfile
# pointing to Rails repository](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/beautifulcodeinrails3-greggpollack-100218130149-phpapp02/85/Rails-3-Beautiful-Code-2-320.jpg)
![$ rails test_app
create $ ls script/
create README
create .gitignore
...
$ cd test_app/
rails
$ rails
Usage: rails COMMAND [ARGS]
The most common rails commands are:
generate Generate new code (short‐cut alias: "g")
c
console Start the Rails console (short‐cut alias: " ")
s
server Start the Rails server (short‐cut alias: " ")
dbconsole Start a console for the database specified in config/database.yml
(short‐cut alias: "db")
In addition to those, there are:
application Generate the Rails application code
destroy Undo code generated with "generate"
benchmarker See how fast a piece of code runs
profiler Get profile information from a piece of code
plugin Install a plugin
runner Run a piece of code in the application environment
All commands can be run with ‐h for more information.](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/beautifulcodeinrails3-greggpollack-100218130149-phpapp02/85/Rails-3-Beautiful-Code-3-320.jpg)
![New ActionController Syntax
Regular Syntax
class UsersController < ApplicationController
def index
@users = User.all
respond_to do |format|
format.html
format.xml { render :xml => @users.to_xml }
end
end
def show
@user = User.find(params[:id])
respond_to do |format|
format.html # show.html.erb
format.xml { render :xml => @user }
end
end
...](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/beautifulcodeinrails3-greggpollack-100218130149-phpapp02/85/Rails-3-Beautiful-Code-15-320.jpg)
![New ActionController Syntax
Improved Syntax
class UsersController < ApplicationController
respond_to :html, :xml, :json
def index
@users = User.all
respond_with(@users)
end
def show
@user = User.find(params[:id])
respond_with(@user)
end
...](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/beautifulcodeinrails3-greggpollack-100218130149-phpapp02/85/Rails-3-Beautiful-Code-16-320.jpg)
![New ActionMailer Syntax
Rails 3
class UserMailer < ActionMailer::Base
default :from => "admin@testapp.com"
def welcome(user, subdomain)
@user = user
@subdomain = subdomain
attachments['test.pdf'] = File.read("#{Rails.root}/public/test.pdf")
mail(:to => @user.email, :subject => "Welcome to TestApp") do |format|
format.html { render 'other_html_welcome' }
format.text { render 'other_text_welcome' }
end
end
end
welcome.text.erb
Defaults welcome.html.erb](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/beautifulcodeinrails3-greggpollack-100218130149-phpapp02/85/Rails-3-Beautiful-Code-20-320.jpg)
![ActiveRelation
@posts = Post.where(:published => true)
if params[:order]
@posts = @posts.order(params[:order])
end
@posts.each do |p|
...
Que
end ry r
uns
here
Lazy Loading](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/beautifulcodeinrails3-greggpollack-100218130149-phpapp02/85/Rails-3-Beautiful-Code-23-320.jpg)
![We can refactor!
@posts = Post.where(:published => true)
if params[:order]
@posts = @posts.order(params[:order])
end
@posts = Post.where(:published => true)
@posts = @posts.order(params[:order])
@posts = Post.where(:published => true).order(params[:order])](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/beautifulcodeinrails3-greggpollack-100218130149-phpapp02/85/Rails-3-Beautiful-Code-24-320.jpg)
![ActiveRelations can be Shared
@posts = Post.where(:published => true).order(params[:order])
posts = Post.order(params[:order])
@published = posts.where(:published => true)
@unpublished = posts.where(:published => false)
This is obviously a bad example (should be using named routes)
@published = Post.published
@unpublished = Post.unpublished](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/beautifulcodeinrails3-greggpollack-100218130149-phpapp02/85/Rails-3-Beautiful-Code-25-320.jpg)
![/public/stylesheets/rails.js
document.observe("dom:loaded", function() {
$(document.body).observe("click", function(event) {
var message = event.element().readAttribute('data-confirm');
if (message) {
// ... Do a confirm box
}
var element = event.findElement("a[data-remote=true]");
if (element) {
// ... Do the AJAX call
}
var element = event.findElement("a[data-method]");
if (element) {
// ... Create a form
}
});](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/beautifulcodeinrails3-greggpollack-100218130149-phpapp02/85/Rails-3-Beautiful-Code-39-320.jpg)
![jQuery in Rails?
http://github.com/rails/jquery-ujs
$('a[data-confirm],input[data-confirm]').live('click', function () {
// ... Do a confirm box
});
$('form[data-remote="true"]').live('submit', function (e) {
// ... Do an AJAX call
});](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/beautifulcodeinrails3-greggpollack-100218130149-phpapp02/85/Rails-3-Beautiful-Code-40-320.jpg)
Rails 3 Beautiful Code
- 1. Beautiful Code in Rails 3 by Gregg Pollack Starting a new app New Router API ActionController - respond_with ActionMailer Syntax ActiveRelation (arel) ERB Strings Escaped Unobtrusive Javascript
- 2. Starting a New App $ rails Usage: rails APP_PATH [options] Options: ‐O, [‐‐skip‐activerecord] # Skip ActiveRecord files ‐r, [‐‐ruby=PATH] # Path to the Ruby binary of your choice # Default: /Users/greggpollack/.rvm/rubies/ruby‐ ‐T, [‐‐skip‐testunit] # Skip TestUnit files [‐‐dev] # Setup the application with Gemfile pointing to your rails checkout ‐J, [‐‐skip‐prototype] # Skip Prototype files ‐G, [‐‐skip‐git] # Skip Git ignores and keeps ‐m, [‐‐template=TEMPLATE] # Path to an application template ‐d, [‐‐database=DATABASE] # Preconfigure for selected database [‐‐edge] # Setup the application with Gemfile # pointing to Rails repository
- 3. $ rails test_app create $ ls script/ create README create .gitignore ... $ cd test_app/ rails $ rails Usage: rails COMMAND [ARGS] The most common rails commands are: generate Generate new code (short‐cut alias: "g") c console Start the Rails console (short‐cut alias: " ") s server Start the Rails server (short‐cut alias: " ") dbconsole Start a console for the database specified in config/database.yml (short‐cut alias: "db") In addition to those, there are: application Generate the Rails application code destroy Undo code generated with "generate" benchmarker See how fast a piece of code runs profiler Get profile information from a piece of code plugin Install a plugin runner Run a piece of code in the application environment All commands can be run with ‐h for more information.
- 4. old scripts new hotness script/generate rails g script/console rails c script/server rails s script/dbconsole rails db
- 5. old scripts new hotness script/generate r g script/console r c script/server r s script/dbconsole r db alias r='rails'
- 7. New Routing API config/routes.rb TestApp::Application.routes.draw do |map| map.resources :posts end
- 8. New Routing API config/routes.rb TestApp::Application.routes.draw do |map| resources :posts end
- 9. New Routing API Rails 2 map.resources :posts do |post| post.resources :comments end Rails 3 resources :posts do resources :comments end
- 10. New Routing API Rails 2 map.resources :posts, :member => { :confirm => :post, :notify => :post } do |post| post.resources :comments, :member => { :preview => :post }, :collection => { :archived => :get } end Rails 3 resources :posts do member do Rails 3 post :confirm resources :posts do get :notify member do end post :confirm get :notify resources :comments do end member do post :preview resources :comments do end post :preview, :on => :member get :archived, :on => :collection collection do end get :archived end end end end
- 11. Rails 2 map.connect 'login', :controller => 'session', :action => 'new' Rails 3 match 'login' => 'session#new' Named Route login_path Rails 2 map.login 'login', :controller => 'session', :action => 'new' Rails 3 match 'login' => 'session#new', :as => :login
- 12. New Routing API Rails 2 map.root :controller => "users" Rails 3 root :to => "users#index" Legacy Route Rails 2 map.connect ':controller/:action/:id' map.connect ':controller/:action/:id.:format' Rails 3 match ':controller(/:action(/:id(.:format)))' (commented out by default)
- 13. For more information http://guides.rails.info/routing.html
- 14. Beautiful Code in Rails 3 Starting a new app New Router API ActionController - respond_with ActionMailer Syntax ActiveRelation (arel) ERB Strings Escaped Unobtrusive Javascript #Rails3OMGPonies!
- 15. New ActionController Syntax Regular Syntax class UsersController < ApplicationController def index @users = User.all respond_to do |format| format.html format.xml { render :xml => @users.to_xml } end end def show @user = User.find(params[:id]) respond_to do |format| format.html # show.html.erb format.xml { render :xml => @user } end end ...
- 16. New ActionController Syntax Improved Syntax class UsersController < ApplicationController respond_to :html, :xml, :json def index @users = User.all respond_with(@users) end def show @user = User.find(params[:id]) respond_with(@user) end ...
- 17. Mikel L indsaar ActionMailer
- 18. New ActionMailer Syntax Rails 2 $script/generate mailer UserMailer welcome forgot_password create app/models/user_mailer.rb Rails 3 $r g mailer UserMailer welcome forgot_password create app/mailers/user_mailer.rb
- 19. New ActionMailer Syntax Rails 2 def welcome(user, subdomain) subject 'Welcome to TestApp' recipients user.email from 'admin@testapp.com' body :user => user, :subdomain => subdomain end UserMailer.deliver_welcome(user, subdomain) Rails 3 def welcome(user, subdomain) @user = user @subdomain = subdomain mail(:from => "admin@testapp.com", :to => user.email, :subject => "Welcome to TestApp") end UserMailer.welcome(user, subdomain).deliver
- 20. New ActionMailer Syntax Rails 3 class UserMailer < ActionMailer::Base default :from => "admin@testapp.com" def welcome(user, subdomain) @user = user @subdomain = subdomain attachments['test.pdf'] = File.read("#{Rails.root}/public/test.pdf") mail(:to => @user.email, :subject => "Welcome to TestApp") do |format| format.html { render 'other_html_welcome' } format.text { render 'other_text_welcome' } end end end welcome.text.erb Defaults welcome.html.erb
- 21. Nic k Kallen ActiveRelation replaces the internal ad-hoc query generation with query generation based on relational algebra.
- 22. ActiveRelation Rails 2 @posts = Post.find(:all, :conditions => {:published => true}) immediately queries the db returns an Array of Posts Rails 3 @posts = Post.where(:published => true) doesn’t query the db returns an ActiveRecord::Relation
- 23. ActiveRelation @posts = Post.where(:published => true) if params[:order] @posts = @posts.order(params[:order]) end @posts.each do |p| ... Que end ry r uns here Lazy Loading
- 24. We can refactor! @posts = Post.where(:published => true) if params[:order] @posts = @posts.order(params[:order]) end @posts = Post.where(:published => true) @posts = @posts.order(params[:order]) @posts = Post.where(:published => true).order(params[:order])
- 25. ActiveRelations can be Shared @posts = Post.where(:published => true).order(params[:order]) posts = Post.order(params[:order]) @published = posts.where(:published => true) @unpublished = posts.where(:published => false) This is obviously a bad example (should be using named routes) @published = Post.published @unpublished = Post.unpublished
- 26. ActiveRelation @published = Post.published @unpublished = Post.unpublished Rails 2 class Post < ActiveRecord::Base default_scope :order => 'title' named_scope :published, :conditions => {:published => true} named_scope :unpublished, :conditions => {:published => false} end Rails 3 class Post < ActiveRecord::Base default_scope order('title') scope :published, where(:published => true) scope :unpublished, where(:published => false) end
- 27. ActiveRelation New Finder Methods where(:conditions) having(:conditions) select group order limit offset joins includes(:include) lock readonly from
- 28. ActiveRelation Rails 2 Post.find(:all, :conditions => {:author => "Joe"}, :includes => :comments, :order => "title", :limit => 10) Rails 3 Post.where(:author => "Joe").include(:comments).order(:title).limit(10) Remember, this version doesn’t do the query immediately
- 29. Beautiful Code in Rails 3 Starting a new app New Router API ActionController - respond_with ActionMailer Syntax ActiveRelation (arel) ERB Strings Escaped Unobtrusive Javascript #Rails3OMGPonies!
- 30. Use of external libraries ActiveRecord ActiveRelation ActionView Erubis Erubis is a fast, secure, and very extensible implementation of ERB
- 31. Cross-Site Scripting (XSS) Rails 2 Rails 2 <%= @post.body %> <%= h @post.body %> (unsafe) (safe) Rails 3 Rails 3 <%= raw @post.body %> <%= @post.body %> (unsafe) (safe)
- 32. Adopting Unobtrusive Javascript HTML 5 custom data attributes data-* Custom data attributes are intended to store custom data private to the page or application, for which there are no more appropriate attributes or elements data-remote data-method data-confirm data-disable-with
- 33. Adopting Unobtrusive Javascript Rails 2 <%= link_to_remote 'Show', :url => post %> <a href="#" onclick="new Ajax.Request('/posts/1', {asynchronous:true, evalScripts:true, parameters:'authenticity_token=' + encodeURIComponent('9sk..44d')}); return false;">Show</a> Rails 3 <%= link_to 'Show', post, :remote => true %> <a href="/posts/1" data-remote="true">Show</a>
- 34. Adopting Unobtrusive Javascript Rails 2 <% remote_form_for(@post) do |f| %> <form action="/posts" class="new_post" id="new_post" method="post" onsubmit="new Ajax.Request('/posts', {asynchronous:true, evalScripts:true, parameters:Form.serialize(this)}); return false;"> Rails 3 <% form_for(@post, :remote => true) do |f| %> <form action="/posts" class="new_post" data-remote="true" id="new_post" method="post">
- 35. Adopting Unobtrusive Javascript Rails 2 Rails 3 <%= link_to 'Destroy', post, :method => :delete %> <a href="/posts/1" onclick="var f = document.createElement('form'); f.style.display = 'none'; this.parentNode.appendChild(f); f.method = 'POST'; f.action = this.href;var m = document.createElement('input'); m.setAttribute('type', 'hidden'); m.setAttribute('name', '_method'); m.setAttribute('value', 'delete'); f.appendChild(m);var s = document.createElement('input'); s.setAttribute('type', 'hidden'); s.setAttribute('name', 'authenticity_token'); s.setAttribute('value', '9skdJ0k+l9/q3PWToz6MtfyiB2gcyhnKubeGV6WFL44='); f.appendChild(s);f.submit();return false;">Destroy</a> <a href="/posts/1" data-method="delete" rel="nofollow">Destroy</a>
- 36. Adopting Unobtrusive Javascript Rails 2 Rails 3 <%= link_to 'Destroy', post, :confirm => 'Are you sure?', :method => :delete %> <a href="/posts/1" onclick="if (confirm('Are you sure?')) { var f = document.createElement('form'); f.style.display = 'none'; this.parentNode.appendChild(f); f.method = 'POST'; f.action = this.href;var m = document.createElement('input'); m.setAttribute('type', 'hidden'); m.setAttribute('name', '_method'); m.setAttribute('value', 'delete'); f.appendChild(m);var s = document.createElement('input'); s.setAttribute('type', 'hidden'); s.setAttribute('name', 'authenticity_token'); s.setAttribute('value', '9skdJ0k+l9/q3PWToz6MtfyiB2gcyhnKubeGV6WFL44='); f.appendChild(s);f.submit(); };return false;">Destroy</a> <a href="/posts/1" data-confirm="Are you sure?" data-method="delete" rel="nofollow">Destroy</a>
- 37. Adopting Unobtrusive Javascript Rails 2 <%= f.submit 'Create Post', :disable_with => "Please wait..." %> <input id="post_submit" name="commit" onclick="if (window.hiddenCommit) { window.hiddenCommit.setAttribute('value', this.value); }else { hiddenCommit = document.createElement('input');hiddenCommit.type = 'hidden';hiddenCommit.value = this.value;hiddenCommit.name = this.name;this.form.appendChild(hiddenCommit); }this.setAttribute('originalValue', this.value);this.disabled = true;this.value='Please wait...';result = (this.form.onsubmit ? (this.form.onsubmit() ? this.form.submit() : false) : this.form.submit());if (result == false) { this.value = this.getAttribute('originalValue');this.disabled = false; }return result;" type="submit" value="Create Post" /> Rails 3 <%= f.submit :disable_with => "Please wait..." %> <input data-disable-with="Please wait..." id="post_submit" name="commit" type="submit" value="Create Post" /> Notice, the button label has an intellegent default
- 38. Adopting Unobtrusive Javascript HTML 5 custom data attributes data-remote data-method data-confirm data-disable-with
- 39. /public/stylesheets/rails.js document.observe("dom:loaded", function() { $(document.body).observe("click", function(event) { var message = event.element().readAttribute('data-confirm'); if (message) { // ... Do a confirm box } var element = event.findElement("a[data-remote=true]"); if (element) { // ... Do the AJAX call } var element = event.findElement("a[data-method]"); if (element) { // ... Create a form } });
- 40. jQuery in Rails? http://github.com/rails/jquery-ujs $('a[data-confirm],input[data-confirm]').live('click', function () { // ... Do a confirm box }); $('form[data-remote="true"]').live('submit', function (e) { // ... Do an AJAX call });
- 41. Deprecated Methods link_to_remote remote_form_for observe_field observe_form form_remote_tag button_to_remote submit_to_remote link_to_function periodically_call_remote prototype_legacy_helper http://github.com/rails/prototype_legacy_helper
- 42. Beautiful Code in Rails 3 Starting a new app New Router API ActionController - respond_with ActionMailer Syntax ActiveRelation (arel) ERB Strings Escaped Unobtrusive Javascript #Rails3OMGPonies!
- 43. Missing (that I didn’t have time for) APIs Bundler http://railscasts.com/episodes/201-bundler Making Generators with Thor http://bit.ly/rails3generators
- 44. Creative Commons name author URL rainbow of 80s toys merwing✿little dear http://www.flickr.com/photos/merwing/2152164258/ Old Loc Merlijn Hoek http://www.flickr.com/photos/merlijnhoek/1040997599/ Notting Hill Gate Eole http://www.flickr.com/photos/eole/942309733/ Britomart Train Station EssjayNZ http://www.flickr.com/photos/essjay/260511465/ Das Licht Small http://www.flickr.com/photos/small/62713023/ Metro Genova opti mystic http://www.flickr.com/photos/miiilio/2503634282/ Immobility Dilemna gilderic http://www.flickr.com/photos/gilderic/3528157964/ train station nolifebeforecoffee http://www.flickr.com/photos/nolifebeforecoffee/1803584805/ Mystical station Jsome1 http://www.flickr.com/photos/jsome1/2226394415/ Railswaystation Pieter Musterd http://www.flickr.com/photos/piet_musterd/2233025691/ The Handover MarkyBon http://www.flickr.com/photos/markybon/152769885/ EN57 magro_kr http://www.flickr.com/photos/iks_berto/1328682171/
- 45. Presentation by: If you need help with a Rails 3 project, feel free to give us a call http://envylabs.com Come to our Rails 3 training at Railsconf 2010 Gregg Pollack http://bit.ly/rails3ropes 407-754-5517 Gregg@EnvyLabs.com We’re also available to run Rails 3 Training at your company, email: Ruby5 Podcast Gregg@EnvyLabs.com http://ruby5.envylabs.com