Raymond Kuiper - Working the API like a Unix Pro
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The document discusses various methods to automate tasks in Zabbix using API, bash scripts, and CLI tools, highlighting pros and cons for each approach. It presents practical examples, such as managing host templates, switching host inventory modes, and emailing graphs, supported by command-line scripts. The author emphasizes the importance of combining tools for efficient automation in IT operations.
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Zabbix Gnomes
~/.zbx.conf
[Zabbix API]
username=johndoe
password=verysecretpassword
api=https://zabbix.mycompany.com/path/to/zabbix/frontend/
no_verify=true](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/raymondkuiper-150916072909-lva1-app6892/85/Raymond-Kuiper-Working-the-API-like-a-Unix-Pro-17-320.jpg)
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orngjce223,
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Ex. 1: Hostgroup Templates
user@localhost$ ./zhtmpllinker.py
usage: zhtmpllinker.py [-h]
(-H HOSTNAMES [HOSTNAMES ...] | -G
HOSTGROUPS [HOSTGROUPS ...])
-t TEMPLATES [TEMPLATES ...]
user@localhost$ ./zhtmpllinker.py -G 'App Servers'
-t 'Template App Customapp'
(Links templates to hosts)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/raymondkuiper-150916072909-lva1-app6892/85/Raymond-Kuiper-Working-the-API-like-a-Unix-Pro-22-320.jpg)
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Ex. 2: Host Inventory
user@localhost$ ./zhinvswitcher.py
usage: zhinvswitcher.py [-h] (-H HOSTNAMES [HOSTNAMES ...]
| -G HOSTGROUPS [HOSTGROUPS ...]
| --all-hosts) … [-m MODE] …
(Switches Inv. Mode on hosts)
user@localhost$ ./zhinvswitcher.py -G “Cisco Devices” -m auto
user@localhost$ ./zhinvswitcher.py -G “Cisco Devices” -m auto
(See also ZBXNEXT-1241)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/raymondkuiper-150916072909-lva1-app6892/85/Raymond-Kuiper-Working-the-API-like-a-Unix-Pro-26-320.jpg)
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Ex. 2: Host Inventory
user@localhost$ ./zgetinventory.py
usage: zgetinventory.py [-h] (-H HOSTNAMES [HOSTNAMES ...]
| -G HOSTGROUPS [HOSTGROUPS …]) …
[-m] [-i] … (-A | -F FIELDS [FIELDS ...])
(Gets Zabbix inventory information)](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/raymondkuiper-150916072909-lva1-app6892/85/Raymond-Kuiper-Working-the-API-like-a-Unix-Pro-27-320.jpg)
Raymond Kuiper - Working the API like a Unix Pro
- 1. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY ZabConf2015 – Sept 11 2015 --- Raymond Kuiper Working the API like a Unix Pro
- 2. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY Quick introduction ● @RaymondKuiper ● Zabbix user since 2006, never looked back ● q1x on Freenode (fnd me in #zabbix) ● Proud to work for these guys:
- 5. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY How to automate via the API?
- 6. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY API bash script using Curl Pros: ● Seems nice and easy at frst ● You can show of your mad curl skills
- 7. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY API bash script using Curl Cons: ● No object awareness ● Honestly, it's a PITA
- 8. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY Develop an API based tool Pros: ● Perfect solution to your problem ● Highly efcient code
- 9. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY Develop an API based tool Cons: ● Takes time and efort to develop (and debug) a ftting solution ● Not very fexible unless you invest heavily in development (monolithic) ● Gets very complex, very fast. You might need a developer to maintain it
- 10. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY Use a CLI tool (Zabcon and friends) Pros: ● Can be used in shell scripts ● Can be used quickly, no need for direct API code
- 11. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY Use a CLI tool (Zabcon and friends) Cons: ● Learning a new CLI language ● Limited to the functionality the developer thought was useful
- 13. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY *nix The IT swiss army knife
- 14. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY *nix The IT swiss army knife “The whole is greater than the sum of its parts.” ― Aristotle
- 18. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY Zabbix Gnomes Making them work together
- 19. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY Ex. 1: Hostgroup Templates Scenario: ● Hosts in the host group 'App Servers' should be linked to 'Template App Customapp' ● $someone keeps forgetting to link that template to newly deployed App servers ● Post-it notes about this don't seem to work
- 20. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY Ex. 1: Hostgroup Templates user@localhost$ ./zghostfinder.py 'App Servers' app-server-001 app-server-002 ... app-server-042 app-server-043 (Finds hosts in a host group)
- 21. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY Ex. 1: Hostgroup Templates user@localhost$ ./zhtmplfinder.py 'app-server-001' Template OS Linux Template App Customapp user@localhost$ ./zhtmplfinder.py 'app-server-042' Template OS Linux (Finds templates linked to a host)
- 22. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY Ex. 1: Hostgroup Templates user@localhost$ ./zhtmpllinker.py usage: zhtmpllinker.py [-h] (-H HOSTNAMES [HOSTNAMES ...] | -G HOSTGROUPS [HOSTGROUPS ...]) -t TEMPLATES [TEMPLATES ...] user@localhost$ ./zhtmpllinker.py -G 'App Servers' -t 'Template App Customapp' (Links templates to hosts)
- 23. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY Ex. 1: Hostgroup Templates user@localhost$ ./zhtmpllinker.py -G 'App Servers' -t 'Template App Customapp' *Pro-tip: Stick it in a crontab!*
- 24. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY Ex. 1: Hostgroup Templates user@localhost$ for host in $(./zghostfinder.py 'Netco Test'); do echo "$host : $(./zhtmplfinder.py "$host" | tr 'n' ',')"; done app-server-001 : Template OS Linux,Template App app-server-002 : Template OS Linux,Template App ... app-server-042 : Template OS Linux,Template App app-server-043 : Template OS Linux,Template App
- 25. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY Ex. 2: Host Inventory Scenario: ● $bossman has negotiated a new hardware support contract with $vendor ● Demands serial/os/type of all Cisco 800s ● Your template stores this info in the Inventory ● You are a happy user of network discovery
- 26. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY Ex. 2: Host Inventory user@localhost$ ./zhinvswitcher.py usage: zhinvswitcher.py [-h] (-H HOSTNAMES [HOSTNAMES ...] | -G HOSTGROUPS [HOSTGROUPS ...] | --all-hosts) … [-m MODE] … (Switches Inv. Mode on hosts) user@localhost$ ./zhinvswitcher.py -G “Cisco Devices” -m auto user@localhost$ ./zhinvswitcher.py -G “Cisco Devices” -m auto (See also ZBXNEXT-1241)
- 27. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY Ex. 2: Host Inventory user@localhost$ ./zgetinventory.py usage: zgetinventory.py [-h] (-H HOSTNAMES [HOSTNAMES ...] | -G HOSTGROUPS [HOSTGROUPS …]) … [-m] [-i] … (-A | -F FIELDS [FIELDS ...]) (Gets Zabbix inventory information)
- 28. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY Ex. 2: Host Inventory user@localhost$ ./zgetinventory.py -G 'Cisco Devices ' -e -m -i -F serialno_a type os | sed -n -e 1p -e '/C8../'p | cut -d ',' -f 2- "host","serialno_a","type","os" "RT01","FCZ999999A","C819G-4G-G-K9","15.4(3)M1, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)" "RT02","FCZ999999B","C887VA-K9","15.4(1)T1, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc2)" "RT03","FCZ999999C","C887VA-K9","15.4(3)M1, RELEASE SOFTWARE (fc1)" ...
- 29. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY Ex. 3: Emailing Graphs Scenario: ● $colleague needs daily CPU graphs ● Can't be bothered with browsing the GUI every morning before getting cofee ● You'd like to help him reach his mailbox quota
- 30. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY Ex. 3: Emailing Graphs user@localhost$ ./zghostfinder.py 'Linux Servers' Wakizashi Kodachi Katana
- 31. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY Ex. 3: Emailing Graphs user@localhost$ ./zhgraphfinder.py -e Kodachi 568:Network traffic on eth0 555:CPU jumps 556:CPU load 557:CPU utilization 558:Swap usage 569:Disk space usage / 560:Memory usage (Finds graphs confgured on a host)
- 32. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY Ex. 3: Emailing Graphs user@localhost$ ./zgetgraph.py -f graph.png 557 (Downloads a graph from the frontend)
- 33. Layout by orngjce223, CC-BY #!/bin/bash graphs="" filelist="" # find graphs on hosts in group 'Linux Servers' for host in $(zghostfinder.py "Linux Servers"); do hgraphs=$(zhgraphfinder.py -e $host | grep "CPU utilization" | cut -d ':' -f 1 ) graphs="$graphs $hgraphs" done # download graphs for graph in $graphs; do file="/tmp/$graph.png" filelist="$filelist -a $file" zgetgraph.py -t 86400 -f "$file" "$graph" done # Mail the graphs and cleanup echo "See attached." | mail $filelist -s "Daily graphs" "user@some.tld" rm -r $(echo "$filelist" | sed 's/-a //g') Ex. 3: Emailing Graphs