Reaction and Impulse Turbine (Comparison)
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This document compares reaction and impulse turbines. It states that impulse turbines use nozzles to direct steam onto curved buckets, extracting kinetic energy from the steam. Reaction turbines have fixed and moving blades with the steam gliding over both and losing pressure. The key differences are that impulse turbines use steam kinetic energy from nozzles while reaction turbines use both pressure and kinetic energy, and that impulse turbine blades are symmetrical while reaction turbine blades are asymmetrical. Most efficient steam turbines use a combination of impulse and reaction stages.
Reaction and Impulse Turbine (Comparison)
- 2. COMPARISON BETWEEN REACTION AND IMPULSE TURBINE Subject : Fluid Power Engineering DE Group : 4 5th Mechanical Nisarg Amin (141080119002) Akshay Patel(141080119031) Abhimanyu Rathod (141080119041) Aman Singh(141080119053)
- 3. What is a Turbine…?? • A machine for producing continuous power in which a wheel or rotor, typically fitted with vanes, is made to revolve by a fast-moving flow of water, steam, gas, air, or other fluid. • This mechanical energy is used in running an electric generator which is directly coupled the shaft of the turbine. • Thus mechanical energy is converted to electrical energy.
- 4. CLASSIFICATION OF TURBINE 1. According to type of energy at inlet. 2. According to direction of flow through runner. 3. According to head at the inlet of turbine. 4. According to specific speed of turbine.
- 5. ACCORDING TO TYPE OF ENERGY AT INLET • On basis of the type of energy at inlet turbine can be classified in two types. 1.Impulse turbine 2.Reaction turbine
- 6. IMPULSE TURBINE • It runs by impulse of steam. • Nozzle directs the steam on the curved blades, which causes them to rotate. The blades are in the shape of buckets. • The energy to rotate an impulse turbine is derived from the kinetic energy of the steam flowing through the nozzle. The potential energy is converted into kinetic energy when it passes through the nozzle. The velocity of steam is reduced when it passes over the blades.
- 7. REACTION TURBINE • It has no nozzle. • Two rows of moveable blades are separated by one row of fixed blades. • Fixed blades are attached to the casing & act as nozzles. Blades are like the wings of a plane.
- 8. COMPARISON BETWEEN REACTION AND IMPULSE TURBINE IMPULSE TURBINE 1. The steam flows through the nozzle and impinges on the moving blades. 2. The steam impinges on the buckets with kinetic energy. 3. The steam may or may not be admitted over the whole circumference. 4. Blades are symmetrical. REACTION TURBINE 1. The steam flows through guide mechanism and then through moving blades. 2. The steam glides over vanes with pressure and kinetic energy. 3. The steam pressure is reduced during the flow through blades. 4. Blades are unsymmetrical.
- 9. EFFICIENCY • To maximize the efficiency of steam turbine the steam is expanded, generating work in a number of stages. • Multiple stages turbines are highly efficient. Most steam turbines use a mixture of both impulse and reaction design. • Higher pressure sections are impulse type and lower pressure sections are reaction type.