Reading and Writing Innovation Lab - Assistive technology and the reading process
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This document discusses reading processes and strategies, assistive technologies, and the Reading and Writing Innovation Lab at Oxford. It makes three key points: 1. Academic reading is complex, involving strategies like skimming, scanning, and nonlinear engagement rather than solely linear reading. This poses challenges for assistive technologies that focus only on decoding. 2. The lab tests and demonstrates hardware and software to help students with disabilities access academic texts. It compares options like e-readers, tablets, and scanning pens. 3. True assistance requires understanding reading as a multifaceted process and how tools can support strategies like comparing passages and creating an interactive dialogue with texts. The lab's work aims to advance this understanding and help people
Reading and Writing Innovation Lab - Assistive technology and the reading process
- 1. Reading and Writing Innovation Lab Assistive Technology, Accessibility, and the Reading Process Dominik Lukeš, Dominik.Lukes@ctl.ox.ac.uk
- 2. Oxford Reading and Writing Innovation Lab bit.ly/ox-rewrilab
- 4. Motivation for the Lab New products Questions from students and academics No reliable way to give advice
- 6. Purpose Test and review Let people try Help make purchase decisions
- 7. Poll 1: Getting to know each other. What brings you here?
- 8. The lab in context
- 9. What students say I don't have time to read it all. I read but I can't understand what it's all about. I get stuck on words and sentences and can't continue until I look them up. I forget what I read by the time I have to use it.
- 11. Which is why the lab is not just…
- 13. But it is also…
- 15. Reading is a multiply articulated activity.
- 16. Articulation of reading Decoding Letters to words Words to sentences Understanding Sentences to ideas Strategic attention Read first / last Deep / surface Planning Time Place Logistics Finding the readings Opening files
- 17. Blockers can get in the way at many points in this articulation.
- 18. What gets in the way Perception Navigation Understanding words Understanding key points Dealing with volume Dealing with file organisation Dealing with file formats
- 19. Thinking of only perception is not enough, because there are more modes of reading.
- 20. Three Modes of Reading Comprehensive / linear • Read from start to finish • As in literature • Most texts formatted for this Skim • Read for gist to get a sense of overall meaning quickly • Strategy to decide is more is needed Scan • Read for specific information • Use on second pass or in research
- 21. Jeanne Godfrey, Reading & Making Notes, 2014 Myth 1: You need to read most things on your reading list, starting at the top and working your way down. Myth 4: You should read academic texts carefully from start to finish.
- 22. Steve New, Academic Writing Skills Guide, 2019 “The vast quantities of information that are available mean that it is important that you read as intelligently as possible. For most social science literature, this means ‘skim reading’ a document or book before reading line-by-line.”
- 23. Hertford College Study Guide p. 13 “reading everything is not always achievable. You will have to learn to be pragmatic and decide on a manageable amount.”
- 24. What is the most common mode employed in academic reading?
- 25. How many of these did the authors read from start to finish? Read abstract Read twice Read conclusions Read after article finished Read carefully
- 26. Why is this important for assistive tools and accessibility?
- 27. Skimming and scanning are not available to blind readers and limited for dyslexic readers.
- 28. Assistive technologies only focus on decoding individual words and sentences, not on the complex nature of academic reading...
- 29. Academic reading is … Purposeful Read to identify facts and arguments Strategic Read only parts needed for purpose Non-linear Do not read in order of presentation Active Read while highlighting and taking notes Productive and interactive Read to write and communicate Comparative and cumulative Read in context and never just one thing
- 30. But
- 31. Reading is often seen as a simple activity?
- 33. Affordance is the property of an object that allows the user to interact with it in order to achieve a particular goal without conscious deliberation.
- 34. Door handle as an example of affordance
- 35. Affordances of a printed schedule
- 36. Affordance of a digital schedule
- 37. Affordances – my need now vs. my need in general When is the next bus? How often do buses go there?
- 39. Affordances Physicality (Weight / 3D) Touch Ink absorption Visibility – Comparison Movability
- 40. Some examples…
- 41. How we read academic reading
- 42. Amazon took 13 years to figure out people read books non-linearly
- 43. Pocket guides have special affordances
- 44. Not thinking about the ereader as content consumer but as paper
- 45. Alternatives to saving highlights in publishers’ silos
- 46. Converting whole page to audio helps only with decoding
- 47. How does this reflect your experiences?
- 48. Hardware and software from the lab
- 49. Poll 2: What do you use for reading
- 50. Low investment • Install an app • Learn a shortcut Medium investment • Create / account • Configure settings • Watch tutorials High investment • Schedule learning time • Change routines and approach • Convert old documents to new formats
- 51. What to learn Learn that it is an issue it needs attention Learn how to configure things Learn to make it part of your practice
- 53. What can you read with Computer Smart phone Tablet E-reader Scanner
- 54. Comparing hardware solutions Computer • 👍 Always there • 👍 Many tools • 👎 Bad posture • 👎 Screen glare Smart phone • 👍 Portable • 👍 Flexible • 👎 Small screen • 👎 Battery • 👎 Screen glare Tablet • 👍 Portable • 👍 Large screen • 👍 Side by side • 👍 Pen option • 👎 Screen glare E-reader • 👍 No screen glare • 👍 Long battery • 👍 Touch/pen • 👎 Single function • 👎 Slow refresh Scanner • 👍 Stand alone • 👍 Printed text • 👎 Single purpose • 👎 Expensive
- 55. Remarkable About reMarkable: eInk note taker and reader Cost £450 (without case with basic pen) Pros • Paper-like writing • Magnetic pen holder • Light-weight • Long battery life Cons • No illumination • Slowish software • No external apps • Cost • Some features require subscription
- 56. Kobo Elipsa About Kobo Elipsa: eInk note taker and reader Cost £350 (inclusive of case and stylus) Pros • Paper-like writing • Illuminated • Can borrow books from public libraries • Long battery life • Cheap for category • Dropbox integration Cons • No external apps
- 57. Amazon Kindle Scribe About Kindle Scribe: eInk note taker and reader Cost £330 (without case with basic pen) Pros • Paper-like writing • Illuminated • Can buy books from Amazon • Long battery life • Cheap for category Cons • No external apps • Tied to Amazon
- 58. Boox Max Lumi About Onyx Boox Max Lumi 1: eInk note taker and reader, 13in Cost cca £800 Pros • Screen for A4 at 100% • Illuminated • Long battery life • Can serve as external monitor • Can install any Android app Cons • Very expensive • Included pen not best
- 59. Onyx Boox Lumi 1 in landscape
- 60. Onyx Boox Mira Pro About Onyx Boox Mira Pro: 24in eInk Monitor Cost cca £1,500 Pros • External monitor • Multiple viewing modes • No glare Cons • Very expensive • Slow refresh rate • Ghosting • No touch
- 61. Bigme Colour About Bigme Colour: eInk note taker and reader, 10in, colour Cost cca £800 Pros • Colour • Competent reader • Android apps Cons • Expensive • Limited availability
- 62. Cpen About CPen: Digital highlighter converts text to audio and copies Cost £120 Pros • Connects to phone, tablet, computer • Easy to scan individual lines • High quality recognition • Language support • Cheap for category Cons • Only scans line by line • Requires phone/tablet to work
- 63. ORCam Reader About Orcam Read: Converts printed text to audio Cost cca £2,000 Pros • Can read entire page • Can read text at a distance • High quality voice • Good recognition Cons • More difficult to control text input • Does not copy captured text • Cost very high
- 64. iPad About iPad Pro 13in: Tablet Cost £1,000+ Pros • Large screen • Very powerful (including video editing) • Support many apps • Can be used for reading and writing • Supports other media • Cheap for category Cons • Very expensive • Battery life (no more than 1 day) • Screen glare
- 65. Amazon Kindle Fire 8in About Kindle Fire 8in: Android Tablet Cost £50+ Pros • Cheap • Supports all Android apps • Integrates with Amazon book store and Audible • 10in size available Cons • Smaller Screen (no 13in available) • Google Apps require work around • Not as much app innovation on Android
- 66. Active styluses About Active styluses: Connect to device via Bluetooth Cost £60-£120 Pros • Palm rejection • Pressure sensitivity • Additional functionality in some apps Cons • Expensive • Only work with intended device model • Only work with one device at a time • Requires charging or batteries
- 67. Passive styluses About Active styluses: Simulates capacitive response of fingers Cost £60-£120 Pros • Cheap • Works on any capacitive touch screens • Works on multiple devices at once (no need to reconnect) • No batteries required (usually) Cons • No palm rejection • No pressure sensitivity • Cannot take advantage of some features
- 68. Wacom tablets About Wacom tablets: Provide touch input interface to computers (for artists) Cost £60+ Pros • Cheap • Adds touch and pen input to desktop or laptop Cons • Learning curve • Requires USB connection • Less support on MacOS
- 70. About Margin Note: Power PDF reading and note taking app Cost £9 Pros • Many reading features • Converts highlights to mindmaps • Export hightlights to mind maps • Create revision cards from highlights and notes • Built in text to speech • Also Mac apps • Cheap Cons • No freemium tier • No reflow • No Windows app
- 72. About LiquidText: Power PDF reading and note taking app Cost Free + £25 or annual subscription Pros • Ingenious touch interface • Infinite note taking canvas • Great Apple pencil support • Usable free tier • Mac and Windows apps available • Export highlights into separate doc Cons • No custom bookmarks • Not as good • No reflow • Not as good at very large documents • Expensive – many features part of subscription mode only
- 74. Good Notes and Others About Good Notes: Handwriting app and PDF reader Cost £5 Pros • Good organisation • Designed for handwriting • Searchable handwriting • Can read PDFs Cons • Not many advanced PDF features
- 77. Also investigating features of existing apps
- 78. Natural voices
- 79. DRM – Elephant in the room
- 80. What does download mean?
- 81. Review and reflect Already do Will do Will look into Will stop doing Not sure about
- 82. More to reading than meets the eye bit.ly/ox-rewrilab
- 83. This presentation is licensed under Creative Commons By Attribution license except where otherwise noted. Icons and stock photos licensed under Microsoft Premium Content and cannot be reused outside this document.
Editor's Notes
- #17: Skimming / Scanning
- #22: Godfrey, Jeanne. Reading and Making Notes, Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2014. ProQuest Ebook Central, http://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/oxford/detail.action?docID=6234892. Created from oxford on 2022-07-26 05:46:06.
- #39: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LoyAXVMu-B0
- #43: https://goodereader.com/blog/kindle/the-kindle-has-a-new-page-flip-navigation-system