Removal of mercury from water using microbes
- 1. Removal of mercury from water using microbes BIOREMEDIATION OF MERCURY
- 2. CONTENTS: A:Introduction B:Materials and method used C:chemicals required D:procedure and working details E:Result F:Discussion and reference
- 3. Introduction on mercury • Mercury is one of the most toxic heavy metals in the environment and releases to environment by natural and anthropogenic process • The toxicity of organic and inorganic mercury compound is due to their strong affinity for sulphur containing organic compounds like enzyme and proteins. • Mercury binds to the sulfhydryl groups of enzyme and proteins and stop the cell function. • It causes neurological disorder ,such as parasthensia and numbness in the fingers ,this the symptoms of minamta disease. • Bioremediation generally uses microbes like bacteria ,yeast , protozoa and these microbes have ability to binding the heavy metal like mercury. • Remediation through chemical compound have secondary pollution so its better approach to use biological things like microbes. • Detoxification and bioremediation of mercury is major issue in the field of environment biotechnology.
- 4. Materials and methods used A:Water samples of the contaminated mercury were collected in sterilized screw capped glass bottles. B:physical parameters of wastewater are PH and temperature. C:Large number of bacteria, yeast and protozoa are present in the water so to maintain the growth of these microbes different chemical mediums are used. MATERIALS USED : 1:Luria Bartani Agar medium:1%Nacl,1%Tryptone,5%yeast used for growth of bacteria. 2:YEPD:1%yeast,.5%peptone,0.2%glucose and 1.5%agar is used for culturing yeast. 3:Bold basal medium used for culturing protozoa. These are the materials used for cultivating microbes for remediation of mercury in water sample
- 5. A:This study is based on use of Bacillus ceruse cells for remediation of mercury. B:The maximum biosorption capacity of the cell is found to be 104.1mg per gram. C:The main free energy value evaluated using the DUBIN- REDUSHKEVICH model was 15.8kj per mol. D:This indicates that the mercury remediation process under investigation was chemically more favorable then the physically adsorption process. E:The remediation process seems to follow pseudo second order kinetics and the apparent free energy change shows that the biosorption process of mercury is thermodynamically feasible and spontaneous in nature. REMOVAL OF MERCURY THROUGH “BACILLUS CEROS ”CELLS:
- 6. E:The using of Bacillus ceruse cells in a continuous column for effective mercury remediation was also attempted and break through point obtained after 11 hour flow of sample. F:This result indicates that the B.cerus cells constitute a prospective mercury remediation system. G:some other microorganisms are also used for bioremediation of mercury. H:Mercury reduction by mercury resistance microorganism is a good mechanism for mercury bio remediation.
- 7. Results of bioremediation: • A:The mercury resistance microorganisms isolated from water contaminated with mercury ions. • B:on the basic of physical and chemical tests bacterium was identified as Bacillus sp .;yeast as candida sp. • C:in the present study we used the microorganism bacillus ceruse. When the microorganism used individually .it was observed that bacteria removed 73%,yeast removed 80%of mercury after 72 hr of incubation. • D:In the case of B.CERUS CELLS the break through point obtained after 11hr flow so its constitute a prospective remediation system.
- 8. Discussion: • A:Large variety of microorganisms including bacteria yeast and protozoa are found in industrial waste water. • B:Mercury reduction by mercury resistance microorganism is a good mechanism for mercury bioremediation. • Microbial bioremediation using mercury resistance microorganism has been shown to be useful. • Several studies have reported improvements in metal removal by immobilisation of protozoa , yeast or bacterial cells. • Mercury reduction by mercury resistance bacteria is a good mechanism for bioremediation but the recovery of metallic Hg needs to be pointed in order to avoid its escape into the atmosphere.
- 9. •The principle of bioremediation is the permanent solution to the problem of contaminated environment •Microorganism in contaminated environment have developed resistance to mercury and are playing a major role in natural decontamination. •Bioremediation plays a vital role in detoxification of heavy metals like mercury because it has no secondary pollution. •This study was based on bacillus ceruse cells ,which constitute a prospective mercury remediation system.
- 10. REFERENCE:RBARKAY, T., MILLER S.M. AND SUMMERS, A.O., 2003. Bacterial mercury resistance from atoms to ecosystems. FEMS Microbiol. Rev., 27: 355-384. CERVANTES, C. AND GUITERREZ-CORONA, F., 1994. Copper resistance mechanisms in bacteria and fungi. FEMS Microbiol. Rev., 14:121-137. CHEESBROUGH, M., 1993. Medical laboratory manual for tropical countries Vol.II Microbiology. Butterworth Heinemann Ltd. Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP. pp. 264-265. CHIU, H.H., SHIEH, W.Y., LIN, S.U., TSENG, C.H.M., CHIANG, P.W. A. DE, J. AND RAMAIAH, N., 2007.
- 11. THANKYOU CENTURION UNIVERSITY . JATNI