Renewables driven resilience
0 likes23 views
The document outlines the Clean Coalition's mission to promote renewable energy through community microgrids that enhance local resilience during outages. Community microgrids utilize local renewable energy, storage, and demand response to ensure continuous power for critical facilities while reducing reliance on the transmission grid. The case study of Direct Relief illustrates the potential for microgrids to provide reliable power for essential services, demonstrating the need for policy support to optimize renewable energy usage.
Renewables driven resilience
- 1. Making Clean Local Energy Accessible Now Renewables-driven Resilience Craig Lewis Executive Director 650-796-2353 mobile craig@clean-coalition.org 17 January 2020
- 2. Making Clean Local Energy Accessible Now 2 Clean Coalition (non-profit) Mission To accelerate the transition to renewable energy and a modern grid through technical, policy, and project development expertise. Renewable Energy End-Game 100% renewable energy; 25% local, interconnected within the distribution grid and ensuring resilience without dependence on the transmission grid; and 75% remote, fully dependent on the transmission grid for serving loads.
- 3. Making Clean Local Energy Accessible Now 3 Community Microgrids are the grid of the future A Community Microgrid is a new approach for designing and operating the electric grid, stacked with local renewables and staged for resilience. Key features: • A targeted and coordinated distribution grid area served by one or more substations – ultimately including a transmission- distribution substation that sets the stage for Distribution System Operator (DSO) performance. • Ability to utilize existing distribution grid infrastructure to serve the Community Microgrid during broader grid outages. • High penetrations of local renewables and other distributed energy resources (DER) such as energy storage and demand response. • Staged capability for indefinite renewables-driven backup power for critical community facilities across the grid area – achieved by 25% local renewables mix. • A solution that can be readily extended throughout a utility service territory – and replicated into any utility service territory around the world.
- 4. Making Clean Local Energy Accessible Now 4 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Tier 1 = Critical load, ~10% of total load Percentageoftotalload Percentage of time Tier 3 = Discretionary load, ~75% of total load Tier 1 = Critical, life-sustaining load, ~10% of total load Tier 2 = Priority load, ~15% of total load Percentage of time online for Tier 1, 2, and 3 loads for net zero solar + 2 hours storage microgrids at UCSB
- 5. Making Clean Local Energy Accessible Now 5 City of Calistoga area & fire threat map
- 6. Making Clean Local Energy Accessible Now 6 PG&E Resilience Zones = Community Microgrids Source: PG&E, Jul2019 • PG&E is planning for a Resilience Zone powered by 7 MW of diesel generators. • These diesel generators could be replaced by local solar and storage.
- 7. Making Clean Local Energy Accessible Now 7 Goleta Load Pocket (GLP) The GLP is the perfect opportunity for a comprehensive Community Microgrid • GLP spans 70 miles of California coastline, from Point Conception to Lake Casitas, encompassing the cities of Goleta, Santa Barbara (including Montecito), and Carpinteria. • GLP is highly transmission-vulnerable and disaster-prone (fire, landslide, earthquake). • 200 megawatts (MW) of solar and 400 megawatt-hours (MWh) of energy storage will provide 100% protection to GLP against a complete transmission outage (“N-2 event”). • 200 MW of solar is equivalent to about 5 times the amount of solar currently deployed in the GLP and represents about 25% of the energy mix. • Multi-GWs of solar siting opportunity exists on commercial-scale built-environments like parking lots, parking structures, and rooftops; and 200 MW represents about 7% of the technical siting potential. • Other resources like energy efficiency, demand response, and offshore wind can significantly reduce solar+storage requirements.
- 8. Making Clean Local Energy Accessible Now 8 Dispatchable Energy Capacity Services (DECS) $ DECS contracted energy capacity (kWh) kWh Owner Reserve Owner Reserve • LSE contracts for dispatchable daily cycling of energy capacity (kWh), at a fixed $/kWh fee, used or not. • LSE optimizes fully flexible energy capacity, dispatching for any purpose, which could be based on time of day, day of week, season, event, and/or other optimizations over the DECS contract period. • Initial DECS contracts are priced at Cost of Service (COS) while subsequent DECS contract pricing is adjusted for market response. • Owner retains discretion over any capacity not under DECS contract. • Owner earns guaranteed $/kWh payments for the DECS- contracted energy capacity. • Owner retains discretion over any capacity not under DECS contract. Load Serving Entity (LSE) Storage Asset Owner 1. Net Cost of Energy (NCOE). 2. Capital expenditure ("capex"). 3. Operating expenditure ("opex"). Three COS components: DECS offers a single bankable revenue stream for energy storage owners and a fully flexible & dispatchable energy source for LSEs available daily.
- 9. Making Clean Local Energy Accessible Now 9 Direct Relief Microgrid is a perfect case study • Location: Santa Barbara, CA. • Owner: Direct Relief (one of the largest disaster recover/supply non-profits in the world). • Brand new 155,000-square- foot pharmaceutical warehouse. • Ships direct to disasters zones, internationally. Cold storage cannot be without power. • Needed a microgrid for indefinite renewables- driven backup power. • Has a microgrid with net zero solar plus about 2 hours of storage. • Has a diesel generator backup to the backup that is almost never used beyond the maintenance routine required every couple weeks.
- 10. Making Clean Local Energy Accessible Now 10 Direct Relief Microgrid limited to onsite resilience 320 kW PV 676 kWh Li 600 kW diesel generator with 4,000 gallon tank • Resiliency is #1 concern: • 320 kW PV • 676 kWh Storage • 600 kW generator • 4000 gal. of fuel • PV annual generation designed to cover annual consumption. • Storage designed to time- shift the generation to more valuable times, and provide Resiliency. • Genset provides “back-up to the back-up”. • Direct Relief Microgrid requirement is that the critical loads are operational indefinitely, even through local disasters that causes long-term interruptions to normal electricity service.
- 11. Making Clean Local Energy Accessible Now 11 Direct Relief is ready to do way more! Microgrid only serves Direct Relief needs: • 70% of roof and 100% of massive parking area solar potential is unused. • Additional storage not able to be considered due to policy prohibitions around exporting energy from a battery to the grid – even though the energy is 100% stored solar. Ready to do way more:: • 1,133 kW in total solar siting potential, 427 kW more rooftop and 386 kW in parking lots. • Existing switch gear is already sized for the expansion and is just awaiting the policy innovation!