Report demo(1)

Objectives
We have specific goals & objectives for present and future. Our main objective is to produce
high quality SIM with a reasonable price. Our other objectives are given below:-
To produce SIM card make an example of producing SIM card in Bangladesh.
To provide a high quality product.
To operate the company through a profitable way and to have growth.
To reduce the cost of the Govt. in import SIM card.
Methodology
To make this business plan we have to give all our effort. To prepare this report standard
methods of collecting information and report writing have been used. We used all secondary data
for preparing this report by market survey. We collected all data from internet, magazine,
different books and topic of STP, SWOT, and Promotion. As there is no SIM production
company in Bangladesh, it takes great effort of us to collect information.
As there is no SIM production company in Bangladesh we collect all the data from online
upload.

Limitations
This study as an empirical study, suffered from some limitations short comings, lapses and many
others obstacles. However, we have tried to give our maximum effort so that this repot and an
acceptable conclusion can be drowned and benefited.
We did not have enough time for preparing this report.
Lack of information.
We did not have sufficient fund for writing report.
Scope
As a new company in Bangladesh we have enough opportunity to success. Bangladesh is a
middle earn small country but now a days it takings great step towards the technical development
of the country. Govt. is taking necessary step to fulfill the mission. So we want to create a great
example.
We have huge market opportunity.
There is no local competitor.
It will help the growth of the economy.
There will be govt. support.
There is less rules and regulation

Part One:
Business
Introduction

General Description of the Venture
What is a SIM card?
A SIM card, also known as a subscriber identity module, is a subscriber identity module
application on a smartcard that stores data for GSM/CDMA Cellular telephone subscribers. Such
data includes user identity, network authorization data, personal security keys, contact lists and
stored text messages.
Security features include Authentication and encryption to protect data and prevent
eavesdropping.
The smartcard with Subscriber identity module application is generally known as SIMCARD.
But, In reality, the SIM is effectively a mass-market smartcard.
When the SIM is viewed as a smartcard, it opens up security possibilities that resonate far
beyond the mobile world.
By combining stored evidence of identity (such as a key) with personal information only the user
will know (a password, for example), it offers the same two-tier authorisation provided by
smartcards.
It is becoming clear that the SIM --- a feature unique to the mobile world --- has applications far
beyond those for which it was originally designed. The clue is in the name --- Subscriber Identity
Module. It was created to remotely authenticate users to the network and to the billing systems
that allow operators to generate revenues from voice traffic.
The GSM standards as specified by ETSI requires authentication of a mobile subscriber through
a secure device (the SIM card).

Functionalityof the SIM card?
The SIM card performs the following valuable functions:
1) Identificationofa subscriber: The IMSI programmed on the SIM card, is the identity of a
subscriber. Each IMSI is mapped to a mobile number and provisioned on the HLR to allow a
subscriber to be identified.
2) Authenticationofa subscriber: This is a process, where, using the authentication algorithm
(COMP128V3 for 2/2.5 G GSM, CAVE for CDMA and Milenage for 3G) on the SIM card, a
unique response is provided by each subscriber based on IMSI, Ki (stored on SIM) and RAND
(provided by network). By matching this response with values computed on the network a legal
subscriber is logged on to the network and he or she can now make use the services of the mobile
service provider.
3)Storage: To store phone numbers and SMS.
4) Applications: The SIM Tool Kit or GSM 11.14 standard allows creating applications on the
SIM to provide basic information on demand and other applications for m-commerce, chatting,
cell broadcast, phonebook backup, location based services etc.
Subscriber information, such as the IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity), is stored in
the Subscriber Identity Module (SIM).
The Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) can be used to store user-defined information such as
phonebook entries.
One of the advantages of the GSM architecture is that the SIM may be moved from one Mobile
Station to another. This makes upgrades very simple for the GSM telephone user.
Subscriber information, such as the IMSI (International Mobile Subscriber Identity), is stored in the
Subscriber Identity Module (SIM).
The Subscriber Identity Module (SIM) can be used to store user-defined information such as phonebook
entries.
One of the advantages of the GSM architecture is that the SIM may be moved from one Mobile Station to
another. This makes upgrades very simple for the GSM telephone user.

Figure: Classification of the basic functions of the SIM in the GSM system

Industry Background
Brief History of SIM card:
The history of the SIM card is closely related to the history of the GSM mobile network. GSM is
an acronym for the Global System for Mobile Communications, a set of protocols designed to
provide interface between second generation wireless telephones. The GSM network was first
proposed in the early 1980s, and development began in 1982. In 1987, the European Union
passed legislation to mandate the GSM standard throughout Europe. Once the standard became
ubiquitous, mobile telephone users were guaranteed compatibility with other European users.
The GSM still serves approximately 80 percent of the global wireless market and is used in at
least 212 countries and territories.
The first SIM card was created in 1991, and these devices quickly became a crucial part of
GSM networks. The cards are based on integrated circuits called subscriber identity modules,
hence the name SIM. These modules store information required for authentication, allowing the
user’s phone to attach to a GSM network. Each card has a serial number as well as network
information, and users can remove the card from one phone and install it in a new one without
registering the device.
The ability of users to switch their data to new mobile devices is advantageous in many ways. If
a subscriber’s phone runs out of batteries, he or she can install the SIM card into a friend’s phone
while still using the minutes attached to the card’s
wireless plan. SIM cards can also store
authentication information for up to 80 networks,
allowing users to take advantage of the best
networks available when traveling.
The first SIM cards were about the size of a credit
card, but they shrank over time to the size of a
postage stamp. SIM cards also developed
increasingly advanced functions and storage
abilities. Modern cards are able to store
information such as contact lists, user locations and
phone numbers, text messages, patches, and
settings. They also store applications and allow
users to access them from any phone.
Nano-SIMs, which are about 15 percent smaller than their predecessors, were introduced in early
2012. Nano-SIMs are used for all iPhone 5 models as well as cellular-capable iPad minis.
Despite their small size, these cards can store as much data as larger cards. Many mobile phone
SIM Card Sizes

providers are also offering virtual SIMs. Virtual SIMs are phone numbers that allow users to
connect their mobile phones to other devices without the use of a physical card. Other
innovations include sophisticated embedded SIMs that can be attached directly to circuit boards.
Design
The SIM Card can be seen as a composition of at least three constituent parts:
- The physical card (the storage carrier).
- An integrated circuit card micro-processing chip (the operating system and content storage
device).
- The subscriber identity module; an area of physical memory allocated at manufacturing for pre-
market and post-market recording by the mobile network operator and SIM user.
- A fourth constituent part could be a Card with an etched antenna for RFID/NFC for use by
(US)SIM (but this part is not included or discussed at this stage).
- etc
To enable test and inspection of these constituent parts GSM approved and adopted GSM11.17
to assist manufacturers, operators and service providers help formalise and uniform the test and
inspection procedures rather than have a mish-mash of randomly selected tests for SIM cards
submitted for use in GSM. The former is highly desirable as the goal of GSM has always be
about interconnection-compatiblity and interconnection backward-compatibility. By way of
illustration, a GSM SIM Card Phase 1 should still be able to be inserted into a GSM Phase 2+
mobile device and allow communications to take place, unless the operator or device
manufacturer has declared and stated otherwise.
From an examiner's viewpoint we would desire to know how those three constituent parts
translate to the work we do? Some examples are set out below
Physical Card
Due to the form factors used in GSM we can make assessment to determine the supply chain and
manufacturer of the card itself. We look at the card to see if has been cut down for use and any
attempts of anonymity by removal of the SIM Serial Number (SSN) compared to manufacture
polarisation techniques. Later 3G/LTE USIM Cards have undergone some changes since GSM's
inception; the latter will be dealt at a later date.

ICC Chip
Manufacturer and technical specification are important to determine a range of potential
evidence, including release into the marketplace and technological and electronic capability.
Clearly the geometry and memory mapping are important. There are various techniques to deal
with a card with a damaged chip. One example is called 'acid-etching' used to gain access to the
physical chip itself by removal of the outer protective coverings used in the manufacturing
process.
Image courtesy of wikipedia - http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subscriber_Identity_Module
Physical Memory
Determining geometry and memory mapping forms part of the testing and inspection process set
out in GSM1117. We can use these procedures to formulate a forensic analysis programme,
similar to the way in which computer forensic examiners seek to determine specifically data
discovered and recovered from a particular memory location on the HDD and define the data
from its binary and encoded states and any formatting that may be applicable to the data. That
being so, would it be out of the question in SIM examination terms for
the EFBCCH file to be formatted as .bmp? Below are a set of
powerpoint slides I have prepared so that examiners can comprehend
procedures approved and adopted for test and inspection for GSM
SIM Cards. Later on when we 3G/LTE (U)SIM this GSM starting
point assists formulate how to identify differences between the various
(U)SIM/LTE cards but equally identify expansion of technology
services and content so the examination limit or avoid omissions
during the investigative/evidential process.

Company Background
 Company’s Vision :The vision is to capture the market in Bangladesh and after some
years and gaining customer loyalty launch it around the globe also to position the product
as user friendly and cheap.
We want to become the technology leader, trusted partner, and preferred provider of
products, services, and solutions in all our markets. We act with intercultural excellence
and entrepreneurial drive
 Company’s Mission: Our company mission is to provide innovative and secure
technology.We want to delivering secure mobile applications and services across all
devices that can access wireless networks.
"We make the world secure by ensuring reliable connection and the authenticity of
identities”
This is our mission. It is what unites us as a company with locations on all continents and
with a truly international workforce.
 Company’s History:LAAMP SIM Production (Pvt.) Ltd is the first SIM Card
producing Company in our country. Major Telecom companies in our country usually
import SIM Card till now. This idea first came in our thinking at March of 2014. From
this date we are working for building of our company. Other identifications are given
below :-

NAME ADDRESS
LAAMP SIM PRODUCTION
(Pvt.) Ltd
LAAMP SIM PRODUCTION (Pvt.)
Ltd
91,Motijheel Commercial Area
Dhaka-1000
Phone: 9128506
Cell : +880 1672910584
Fax :88-02-9560299
E-mail :alwaysshining@gmail.com
Another office is situated in our servicing office. The address of this office in given below:-
ADDRESS
BCIC Bhaban (8th
Floor,30-31 Dilkhusha
C/A
Dhaka-1000.

Goal/ Potential of the Venture
Grameenphone, majority controlled by Norway’s Telenor, AKTEL, majority owned by Telekom
Malaysia, and state-run TeleTalk are the customers of the company.
The local and multinational operators import SIM cards at an average cost of $2.5 each.
The country’s telecommunication penetration rate is only 30 percent now and so there remains a
big untapped market. As per the market insiders’ projection, the number of telecom customers
would be 50 million by the end of this year.
Uniqueness of the product
We produce such a product, consumption of which is growing day by day. The unique features
of the product of our company is as follows:
 No competitor
 Huge potential market
 Increasing demand of the product

Part Two:
Management
Aspect

The Promoter
The promoters of LAAMP SIM Production (Pvt.) Ltdare well educated and competent. They all
came from different business administration sector. The main idea came fromAadibaaPrittywho
is currently a member of board of directors. The other members of the group supported her. All
the member unitedly gave a concrete shape to that idea. The name of the promoters of our
company is given below:
 AdibaaPritty
 RoksanaAkter
 Ananna Das
 Flora Sharmin
 PriyankaBishwas

Shareholding of the owner
The total share capital of the company isTk109,200,000
Shareholding of the owners is as follows
Name Status Share Holding
Percentage
PriyankaBishwas Managing Director 30%
AadibaaPritty General Manager 10%
RoksanaAkter Marketing and Sales
Manager
25%
Ananna Das Production & HR Manager 15%
Flora Sharmin Accounting & Finance
Manager
20%
10
25
15
30
20
Share %
Aadibaa Pritty 10%
Roksana Akther 25%
Ananna Das 15%
Priyanka Bishwas 30%
Flora Sharmin 20%

Summary of Qualification
Name Age Post Academic
Qualification
Experience
PriyankaBishwas 42 Managing
Director
MBA (Finance) 2 Years
AadibaaPritty 38 General
Manager
RoksanaAkter 37 Marketing and
Sales Manager
MBA
(Marketing)
2 Years
Flora Sharmin 39 Accounting &
Finance
Manager
Ananna Das 38 Production &
HR Manager
MBA (HR) 2 Years

Legal form of Business
Primarily we want to establish as a Private
Limited Company. We are five
entrepreneurs.In future we may move into
(public limited company). Our company
needs huge amount of capital. For this
reason, we may have become public limited
company but firstly we are not trying to be
so. Firstly, we want to take risk by ourselves.
At the beginning, we may not get responses from general investors who will be willing to invest
in our company. Besides, we want to make a valuable image in this field by running it through
private limited company. We want to make example here.

Organization Structure
Boardof
Directors
Managing
Directors
General
Manager
Production
Manager
Specialist In
Technology
30Workers
Finance
Manager
2 Employees
Account
Manager
2 Employees
HRManager
2 Employees
Marketing
and Sales
Manager
5 Employees

Management Team
Our day to day management will be conducted by a group of experienced and talented managers.
We shall hire 3employees from Japan for different duties. Some of them will directly join to the
management. Owners of our company will also join the chief management of the company.
Owners will be contracted with the company and run the top management. Our organization
chart clarifies the position of the managers and employees.
Name Designation
PriyankaBishwas Managing Director
AadibaaPritty General Manager
RoksanaAkter Marketing and Sales Manager
Ananna Das Production & HR Manager
Flora Sharmin Accounting & Finance Manager
Consultants& Advisors
 Any three of the members of the above chart will be active members of the management.
 Advocate AbdurRajjak, layer of the Supreme Court will provide us legal support.
 Mr. MojidHossin will be our banker.
 We shall have additional two specialists from Japan for providing mentors and adversary
support.

Banks
The partners of the company are solvent and they have good liquid cash. But still they need some
financial support from financial institutions. The management of the company has selected two
banks for submitting he business proposal and feasibility study for their kind perusal –
1. Prime Bank
2. Uttara Bank Ltd
Total Capital: Tk
Bank Loan
Owner’s Equity
Auditors
External Auditors:
A. Wahab& co.
B. Swakat Hossain
C. Abdul Wahab
Internal Auditor:
Our business partners are our internal auditors.

HR Management
Staffing Need
Though we are going to start a new business we are going to keep enough
employees in our service
Post Current Employee
Managing Directors 01
General Manager 01
Finance & Account
Manager
01
Marketing and Sales Manager 01
Production & HR Manager 01
Specialist In Technology 03
Finance employee 02
Account employee 02
HR employee 02
Marketing and Sales employee 05
Workers 30
Staffing Planning:
The managerial posts will be occupied by our shareholders. We will hire 03 technological
experts from Japan to help us with the production. The employees will be selected according
to their qualification and previous experience in the related field. We will recruit labor that is
locally available. First we select labor on the basis of post experience, and then we will give
priority to those people who live near to our factory. After selection of labor we will give
them training to improve their knowledge about the machine and factory operation.

Part Three
Technical
Aspects

Introduction
The Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) standards for cellular networks,
originally developed by the European Conference of Postal and Telecommunications
Administrations, was continued by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute and
are now maintained by the 3rd Generation Partnership Project (3GPP). Commercial GSM service
was started in mid-1991. By 1993, thirty-six GSM networks were operating in twenty-two
countries (Dechaux and Scheller 1993). Although begun in Europe, GSM is an international
standard with compliant networks operational in more than 200 countries around the world
(GSM World 2006).
Subscriber Identity Modules (SIMs) are synonymous with mobile phones and devices that
interoperate with GSM cellular networks. Under the GSM framework, a cellular phone is
referred to as a Mobile Station and is partitioned into two distinct components: the Subscriber
Identity Module (SIM) and the Mobile Equipment (ME). As the name implies, a SIM is a
removable component that contains essential information about the subscriber. The ME, the
remaining radio handset portion, cannot function fully without one. The SIM’s main function
entails authenticating the user of the cell phone to the network to gain access to subscribed
services. The SIM also provides a store for personal information, such as phone book entries and
text messages, as well as service-related information.
GSM standards are organized in a number of ways, one of them being the phase of capabilities
they support. The three phases defined are phase 1, phase 2, and phase 2+, which correspond
roughly to first, second, and 2.5 generation network facilities. SIMs are often classified
according to the phase of the specifications supported, which is recorded in an element of its file
system (i.e., EFPhase). Another class of SIMs in early deployment is UMTS SIMs (USIMS)
used in third generation (3G) UMTS (Universal Mobile Telecommunications Service) networks.
USIMs are enhanced versions of present-day SIMs, containing backward compatible
information.
Some of the earliest, general purpose, forensic tools for cell phones targeted SIMs, not only
because of detailed specifications available for them, but also because of the highly relevant and
useful digital evidence that could be recovered. This paper provides a review of present-day
forensic tools for SIMs and the type of data they recover, plus an assessment of their capabilities
and limitations.

Production Technology
A Subscriber Identity Module (SIM)is a 'SMART' card, which holds all the information
required to identify a particular Subscriberto a mobile service. It is a micro-controller (consists of
CPU, ROM, RAM and EEPROM) embedded in a plastic PVC/ABS card and containing
programmed files specified by the service provider to ensure proper operation in GSM
environment. The plastic PVC/ABS card contains the service provider's specified artwork.
TYPICAL BLOCK DIAGRAM OF SIM
User
RAM
User
EEPROM
User
ROM
System ROM
Memory Access Firewall
Timer
System Access
Firewall
CPUClock
Generation
Module
Security &
Configuration
Administration
Random
No.
Generator
Serial I/O
Interface
INTERNAL BUS

Hardware Components:
The SIM Card has CPU, ROM, RAM and EEPROM and Digital Coprocessor (64K Card) as
integrated Hardware Components.
CPU (Central Processing Unit):
The CPU is the intelligence of the Chip and performs all the mathematical calculations and takes
all the decisions required by the SIM.
ROM (Read Only Memory):
The ROM will have a sufficient memory to store the Operating system which is the set of
commands that SIM understands. The data is permanent and it should not be possible to change
them.
RAM (Random Access Memory):
RAM is an area of volatile memory and its contents are lost each time the power is turned off. It
is used to store temporary system flags to buffer, the incoming data and as a scratch pad for
calculations. The memory of RAM should have at least 3KB.
EEPROM(Electrically Erasable Programmable ROM):
The EEPROM memory stores all of the application data such as the Operator specified
parameters (e.g. IMSI) and the subscriber data (e.g. Abbreviated Dialing No). The information is
retained even after the power is turned off and can be modified or erased using specific electrical
signals.
Therefore the SIM card contains all of the details necessary to obtain access to a particular
account. These details come down to just 2 items of information.
IMSI – International Mobile Subscriber Identity – a unique number for every subscriber
in the world. It includes information about the home network of the subscriber and the
country of issue. This information can be read from the SIM provided there is local
access to the SIM (normally protected by a simple PIN code). The IMSI is a sequence of
up to 15 decimal digits, the first 5 or 6 of which specify the network and country.
Ki – the root encryption key. This is a randomly generated 128-bit number allocated to a
particular subscriber that seeks the generation of all keys and challenges used in the GSM
system. The Ki is highly protected, and is only known in the SIM and the network’s AuC
(Authentication Centre). The phone itself never learns of the Ki, and simply feeds the
SIM the information it needs to know to perform the authentication or generate ciphering
keys. Authentication and key generation is performed in the SIM.

Authentication Procedure
The network generates a 128-bit random number, known as the RAND, which it then uses the
A3 algorithm (see figure) to mathematically generate an authentication token known as the
SRES. It then sends the RAND to the phone for the phone to do the same. The SIM generates the
32-bit SRES, which is returned to the network for comparison. If the received SRES matches the
network’s generated SRES, then the Ki’s must be the same (to a high mathematical probability),
and the phone has proved knowledge of the Ki and is thus authenticated.
The SIM authentication concept
Additional local security in the SIM
The SIM itself is protected by an optional PIN. The PIN is entered on the phone’s keypad, and
passed to the SIM for verification. If the code does not match with the PIN stored by the SIM,
the SIM informs the user (via the phone) that code was invalid, and refuses to perform
authentication functions until the correct PIN is entered. To further enhance security, the SIM
normally “locks out” the PIN after a number of invalid attempts (normally 3). After this, a PUK
(PIN Unblock) code is required to be entered, which must be obtained from the operator. If the
PUK is entered incorrectly a number of times (normally 10), the SIM refuses local access to
privileged information (and authentication functions) permanently, rendering the SIM useless.
Logical Model
Logical structure of SIM, the code associated with it and the structure of files used shall be in
accordance with GSM TS 11.11. The various files in the SIM like Master file, Elementary file
and dedicated files are organized in a hierarchical structure. These files may be either
administrative or application specific.

MasterFile (MF)
This is the unique mandatory file containing access conditions and optionally DFs and or EFs.
Dedicated File DF
A dedicated file contains access conditions and optionally, Elementary files (EFs) or other
Dedicated Files (DFs).
Elementary File EF
Elementary file is one, which contains access conditions and data and no other file.
The following drawing gives an overview about the complete production area for the
personalization of GSM card type. From the point of view of the organization it consists of the
different processes for Module Testing, Module Lamination, combined Milling & Implanting,
Punching, Personalization and Quality Control.

Production Centre Area
SCT2400
Chip Module
testing
Chip Module
Lamination
Card Milling
& Implanting
GSM
Punching
CMT CML CMI CMP
Quality Check Personalizatio
n
SCF2300
SCT2400
SCP

SIM Card Raw material
Chip Module – 32K,64k,128k and 256k
Micro-module
PVC / ABS Cards – ID1 size cards
Heat Activated Tape – The Glue of the
tape gets activated at a particular
temperature, the glue itself is not sticky at
room temperature. The glue melts
completely at a particular temperature
higher than the activation temperature.
Micro module components

CPU: Central Processing Unit - Microprocessor
ROM: Read Only Memory (Non Volatile)
EEPROM: Electrically Erasable Programmable RO Memory (Non-Volatile)
RAM: Random Access Memory (Volatile)

Basic Production Process
Utilities
Utilities like gas, water, electricity are must for any kind of industry. For a company like
LAAMP, is a technology based company, electricity is needed a huge in amount. To produce
SIM there need a lot of machinery, most of them are operate on gas/ electricity. So these two are
really necessary requirement for starting the production. To ensure all these facility we choose
Savar. As it is EPZ area there are enough supply of those. We also contact with the local office
of all this supply company.
Layout
For Factory
There will be two stored factory.1st and 2both floor of the office building wii be used for
production where all the machineries are equipped with the area of total 16000 sft. Both the floor
is air conditioned and according to the EMV standard. There will be enough technology
supporters. All types of work will be computerized. There will be a secure and friendly
atmosphere.

Office Layout
Office floor fully designed with world class furniture imported from Malaysia. Have individual
desk for each employee. There is one conference room with seat arrangement of 20 peoples. An
air conditioned dining hall has the seat arrangement of 60 persons where microwave and
refrigerator is available for the fresh food.
Information & Communication

For better communication and share information we use all the modern communication method
etc. For the betterment of the company we will provide personal SIM for the employee to use
official purpose. We ensure to provide enough information for all.
Telecom,
Telephone,
Internet,
Etc
R&D Plan
We will be the pioneer venture in providing SIM card solutions and services with world-leading
R & D and manufacturing capabilities in the smart card application field of telecommunication,
finance, identity authentication & security and Scratch off personalized cards. Our Production
will be facility and security management is in compliance with the EMV specification.
Equipment

Chip Module Test Handler (CMT) Machine
It designed for incoming quality test of IC-Modules for Smart Cards coming on standard or super
35 mm tapes. The system performs following operations:
Counting of modules
Electrical test / Initialization of modules
Optical inspection of modules
Mechanical thickness measurement
Marking of defect modules by reject punching
Chip Module Lamination (CML) Machine

The glue tape preparation system prepares the IC modules for hot implanting process. Glue tape
received in reels, is pre punched (Glue tape is punched on punching unit with standard or
customized hole diameters to guarantee good lamination - avoid bubbles by air leak) by the
system and are laminated with a heated unit onto the back side of the module tape. Module and
adhesion tape are laminated together by heat, pressure and time.
Card Milling and Implanting (CMI) Machine

The system performs following operations-

Milling Station – For milling
Cavity in the card as per the
dimension of the Chip Module.
Pick & Place Unit – cutting the
Laminated Chip Module from
the Module Tape and fixing it
on the milled cavity.
Tacking and welding Stations
for implanting of Chip modules
on milled cards-
Cooling and module height
measuring Station
ATR (Answer To Reset)Test
Chip Module Punching (CMP) Machine
It is designed to pre-punch GSM-cards (SIM-cards) out of plastic card bodies according to ISO-
Standard or corresponding to customer
requirements. A transport system feeds the
cards to the punching- and stamping station,
where the GSM-cards are punched and cut
on the front and back side, so that the
modules can be easily broken out of the card
body by the customer. After stamping, only
narrow “bridges” of plastic connections
between main card body and GSM-card are
remaining.
Smart Card Personalization

(SCP) Machine
The SCP performs the following tasks:
Chip – Encoding , - Initialization, - Personalization
Laser – Engraving
Using a flexible and intelligent pick & place system the cards are transported from the main
transport system to one of the available encoding stations.
After the encoding-process, the cards are delivered back to the main transport system for transfer
to the next module for Laser engraving of 19 digit ICCID Number on the SIM card .Rejects are
produced once again automatically
Before personalization of cards, required data/ Technical Details are received from the concerned
Telecom circles, consisting of following details.
1. 15 digit IMSI Number
2. 19 digit ICCID number
3. Customer care number
4. SMSC number

5. SMSC number for OTA(Over The Air)
6. SIM Card Type i.e. Pre-Paid, Post paid. Etc.
7. Quantity to be supplied
Initially two sample cards are made with given data and then checked with SIM testing tools for
the correctness of data entered into SIM Card during personalization. If required these two SIM
cards are got activated with the help of concerned circles for Network and OTA(Over The Air )
functionality check . If found satisfactory, then bulk production is started.
During bulk production also, few samples form each batch of production are checked for data
entered in the card during personalization with the help SIM card tester to ensure the correctness
of data entered during personalization.
Product and Services
LAAMP is the most reputable
Bangladesh-based SIM Card
manufacturer. Efficient and flexible
manufacturing facilities allow SIM card
to fulfill the needs of customers in a
timely and cost-effective manner.
Various kinds of SIM can be offered
depending on customer's demand. Each
kind of SIM is in accordance with ISO.
GSM SIM/CDMA RUIM
Memory size: 16K~128K and
above
Advanced machineries with large
production capacity.
Currently Silk Card can produce 2.5
million cards per month.
Location

Locationanalysis:
Factory location:
Site selection for any industry is very much vital. Our factory ground is in Ulail, Genda, Savar
1340. To be close to raw materials & utility service we have chosen our site near the capital. Our
total land will be ready for the industry.
Office location:
SIM Company all over the country is the customers of our products. So we don’t think where to
locate our office. However considering the timely supply we proposed our location at Motijhil.
Production Flow Chart
Factory location
Location
Office location

Suppliers & Sources of Raw Materials

A SIM card needs basically a chip and well-equipped testing facilities and strong technical force.
Plastic. We contact a renowned supplier from China for microchip. Shenzhen Acon Electronics
Limited is a manufacturer of integrated circuits witha wide range, good quality, reasonable prices
and stylish design, their products are extensively used in civil, industrial, military and other
electronic products. Their product are widely recognized and trusted by users and can meet
continuously changing economic and social needs.

Part Four
Marketing
Aspect

Current Scenario in Bangladesh
SIM isn’t produce in Bangladesh till now. It imports from
various country like as China, Australia, Germany, USA etc.
It is expensive than making locally. That’s why it’s difficult
to provide cheaper SIM in Bangladeshi market. This SIM will
be locally produced with the best quality and its supply will
be in promised time. We will produce it on our own factory in
Savar and our main office will be in Motijhili. There will be
enough machinery to produce high quality low price product
in a short period of time. The current situation of market can
be predict from these tables that mobile phone usage is
increasing day by day and there is a lot of scope in telecom
industry. Bangladesh’s telecom market is growing at a CAGR
of 75.8% in the last four-year period 2008-2013. The year-on-
year growth rate has slowed recently, to 38.5% in 2013 as Telco operators were less aggressive
in SIM tax subsidies, but accelerated sharply in the first half of this year and by the end of
September 2013 there were a total of 85 million cellular customers, up by 35% in the preceding
twelve months. By that date wireless penetration had crossed 50%.As the increase in the rate of
mobile selling we will get more opportunity to sell more SIM to fulfill the local demand.

Situation Analysis
Market summary:
We are the first SIM production and processing company in Bangladesh. Before that different
company would have to import products from abroad. So the price rate was probably high than
the other country. But now we produce lower cost high quality product. It will increase our
economic growth and ensure a develop SIM production factory that will be able to compete with
top listed the SIM production company in a near future. It will create employment opportunity
for the local people and create a opportunity to innovate new technology for the development of
telecommunication industry.
SWOT Analysis
Strengths
There is low cost production process.
A very few competitors are exists in the market.
Increasing local demand.
Rapid growth of Tele Communication Industry
Technology has risen, in 1995 0.4% of the population used
the internet and technology and from September 2010 a
total of 28.8% of the world’s population are technology
users.
Very unique and there is no other item that can do this.
Great for business men/women that travel a lot.
Heading into a market where new technology is being
produced every month.
Our staffs are very much dedicated.
We have good debt repayment report.
ation.

Weakness
Will have to wait for new forms of phones and laptops out for it to
work.
New established company in Bangladesh.
We have least knowledge about our market.
Our business in the amateur position.
Lackof Technical knowledge.
Not enough opportunityforexpertconsultation.
Thereisno enough supplyof raw materialsinthemarket.
Priceof themachineryisreallyhigh.
Shortageof capital.

OPPORTUNITIES
Large market opportunity.
The demand of our product is very high.
Government is increasing facilities for this business.
We are able to widen our product onto other phone company.
We are able to advance our product if it is successful at the
beginning.
There is no competitor present, so there will be enough advantage to
be the first in this industry.

THREATS
As the market is renowned as highly profitable and easy to serve
many companies are entering the market with some kinds offering
and features.
We have business diversity Risk.
Potentially new technology could provide a better service than
our product.
Future financial crisis could mean the pricing of the product
could move up and down drastically

Competitor analysis:
Our primary market reveals our competitive position. Our
competitors are both local and imported SIM Card. We
think, at the beginning, we are like a child industry so we
can’t do such thing that will influence the whole market.
Here has a matter of customer preferences. They prefer
branded product. They also want to continue the relationship
that already they have. Because there is risk they found to
connect with a new established company. So it will be really
difficult for us convince them to use our product. The most
of the telecommunication company of Bangladesh are
foreign company, so there will be rise a lot difficulty to
convince them. We have to contact with the government for
the policy to provide a certain amount of total supply will be provided by us for the
telecommunication industry.

STP Analysis:
Market Segmentations
As a Manufacturing company we produce our product
considering market basis. We find many difficulties to
segment its marketing in the sense of mass marketing. But
after thinking about our target market we decided to segment
or device our local market in 3 nature of market bellow.
Local Market
Government market
Global Market
Target Market
As first in this industry we target for leading the Local market, means the SIM Company operate
in this country. Then we gradually want to capture all others market segment. We want to make
deal with the govt. for provide 40% of the total demand in our country. We want to reach all the
people like- businessman, young generations, travelers etc in a reasonable price and with a
higher quality product. Our SIM will provide all the facility those are available in the market and
we will try to provide some unique features also that will be helpful for the users.

Market Positioning
We are standing our business as a new organization. So we must have to concentrate on to stay
in the market. To do so, we want to capture the local SIM Industry. To achieve our objective we
have some strategies. We want to ensure the trust of the local customers.
 Our delivery process will be the fastest one.
 We focus on our goal.
 We focus on our target customers.
 We analyze our competitors & take more than necessary steps for the survival of our company
in the market.

Marketing Mix Analysis
Product Identification
Our product will be only SIM card. Under the SIM card we will produce different size for
different type. We will also produce SIM -
With unique feature
All types of technical facility
With standard quality
Easily usable
Target
Product
Price
Place
Promotion

Types of Distribution Channel
As a new develops company, we want to deal with the customer in the market directly.
That means we want to use direct distribution channel method or Zero level method.
The local SIM selling company will be our customer. We will convince them by
ourselves producing high quality low price product.
Pricing Policy
Our policy is to keep our SIM price always less than 5
taka by soybean oil and the price will be same in contrast
with the imported SIM. We are pricing normal SIM price
same as imported SIM because we have a very little
market share so we cannot influence market by pricing
less or huge rather than having a competitive price (Here
quality will provide us competitive advantage our palm
oil is well refined than the imported oil.).
We will price our product by value based pricing
system. We will consider all the things that we spend
to produce the product.
Producer
Customer

Promotion
To promote our product and to penetrate the market we will advertise it with different ways. For
first 6 month magazine and newspaper, if we make a proof it then looks to then advertise on TV.
Increase awareness in 70% of target market within 3months time period Enhance perception of
superiority within 3 months’ time period. This is how the budget will be allocated to various
fields to advertise.
Our company will enjoy a premium in promotional cost. Because, we are marketing such a
product that people need every day. This become a product that is a needed in peoples every days
life now. But this doesn’t mean that we don’t need advertising. As we are starting the business,
we need to make SIM company know that it is being produced in our country. There is a matter
of patriotic motivation.
If our customers order us within 9 month of our company’s production started, we will provide
some discount to them. Different types of discount will be provide, Such as
1st month-3rd month ---8%
4th month- 6th month ---5%
7th month -9th month ---3%

Part five:
Financial
Aspects

1. Cost of project
Costs of the project include all the preliminary cost that is needed to start a business. These are
like land and site development cost, plant and machineries, fixed asset, technological expense
etc.
Costs Amount(BDT)
Land and site development 80,000,000
Building 12,000,000
Plant and machineries 110,000,000
Miscellaneous and fixed assets 20,000,000
Technological expenses 1,000,000
Preliminary expense 12,00,000
Working capital 20,000,000
Total 244,200,000

2. Means of financing
Financingplan and loan requirement
Cost Equity Loan /debt Total
Land and site
development
60,000,000 20,000,000 80,000,000
Building 12,000,000 12,000,000
Plant and machinery 10,000,000 100,000,000 110,000,000
Miscellaneous fixed
asset
15,000,000 5,000,000 20,000,000
Technological
expense
1,000,000 1,000,000
Preliminary expense 12,00,000 12,00,000
Working capital 10,000,000 10,000,000 20,000,000
Total 109,200,000 135,000,000 244,200,000
Ratio 44.72% 55.28% 100%
There are two primary means of finance in the project one is equity capital and debt capital.
Loans must be repaid generally accrue interest, whereas equity demand profit. For our project we
need T.K 244,200,000 on which 109,200,000is equity capital and 135,000,000 is debt capital.
Which means our Debt-Equity ratio is
Debt – 45 %
Equity –55%
We take loan at 13% interest rate from prime bank
45%
55%
Capital
Debt
Equity

3. Cost of production
Particulars 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Material cost 3,000,000 3,500,000 4,000,000 45,00,000 5,000,000
Factory
overhead
6,000,000 6,000,000 6,000,000 6,000,000 6,000,000
Labor cost 5,000,000 5,700,000 6,500,000 6,900,000 7,200,000
Utilities 1,00,000 1,10,000 1,20,000 1,30,000 1,40,000
Total 14,100,000 15,310,000 16,620,000 17,530,000 18,340,000
4. Working capital requirement and its financing:
In our business we need some working capital such as material cost, labor cost, factory
overhead, utilities, administrative expense, selling expense etc. The requirement for working
capital for first year is as following:
Particulars Taka
Material cost 3,000,000
Labor cost 5,000,000
Utilities cost 100,000
Factory overhead 6000,000
Cost of production 14,100,000
Administrative expense 4,425,000
Selling expense 1,475,000
Working capital requirement (total cost of
goods sold)
20,000,000

Calculation of installment:
Year Principle
amount
outstanding
Installment Interest
@13%
Principle
repayment
Remaining
balance
1 135,000,000 38,382,463 17,550,000 20,832,463 114,167,537
2 114,167,537 38,382,463 14,841,780 23,540,683 90,626,854
3 90,626,854 38,382,463 11,781,491 26,600,972 64,025882
4 64,025,882 38,382,463 8,323,365 30,059,098 33,966,784
5 33,966,784 38,382,463 4,415,682 33,966,784 0
5. Projected income statement:
Projected income statement of five year
Particulars 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Use of capacity 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%
Unit product 5,00,000 6,00,000 7,00,000 8,00,000 10,00,000
Sales in
amount
35,000,000 42,000,000 49,000,000 56,000,000 70,000,000
Less: cost of
production
14,100,000 15,310,000 16,620,000 17,530,000 18,340,000
Gross profit 20,900,000 26,690,000 32,380,000 38,470,000 51,660,000
Administrative
expense z
4,425,000 4,710,000 5,000,000 5,230,000 5,570,000
Selling
expense
1,475,000 1,700,000 2,040,000 2,300,000 2,645,000
Total selling
and
administrative
expense
5,900,000 6,410,000 7,040,000 7,530,000 8,215,000
Net operating
income
15,000,000 20,280,000 25,340,000 30,940,000 43,445,000
Less: tax @
30%
4,500,000 6,084,000 7,602,000 9,282,000 13,033,500
Net income 10,500,000 14,196,000 17,738,000 21,658,000 30,411,500

Depreciation:
Depreciation is one of the major concerns of a company. Our company will make the
depreciation on straight line basis. We are not considering any salvage value in our project.
Assets Assets
book value
Life
perio
d
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Plant and
machineries
110,000,00
0
5 22,000,000 22,000,000 22,000,000 22,000,000 22,000,000
Miscellaneou
s fixed assets
20,000,000 5 4,000,000 4,000,000 4,000,000 4,000,000 4,000,000
6. Projected cash flow:
Projected cash flow statement of 5 years
Particulars Constructio
n period
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
a) Sources
of fund
Equity capital 109,200,000
Debt capital 135,000,000
Profit before tax
with interest
added back
15,000,000 20,280,000 25,340,000 30,940,000 43,445,000
Depreciation 26,000,000 26,000,000 26,000,000 26,000,000 26,000,000
Total (a) net
cash inflow
244,200,000 41,000,000 46,280,000 51,340,000 56,940,000 69,445,000
b) Dispositi
on of
fund
Capital
expenditure
224,200,000
Decrease in term
loan
20,832,463 23,540,683 26,600,972 30,059,098 33,966,784
Interest payment 17,550,000 14,841,780 11,781,491 8,323,365 4,415,682
Taxation @ 30% 4,500,000 6,084,000 7,602,000 9,282,000 13,033,500

Total (b) net
cash outflow
224,200,000 42,882,463 44,446,463 45,984,463 47,664,463 51,415,966
Net surplus or
deficit (a-b)
20,000,000 (1,882,463) 1,833,537 5,355,537 9,275,537 18,029,034
Beginning cash
balance
20,000,000 18,117,537 19,951,074 25,306,611 34,582,148
Closing cash
balance
20,000,000 18,117,537 19,951,074 25,306,611 34,582,148 52,611,182
7. Projected balance sheet:
The projected balance sheet of our project is as following:
Projected balance sheet of 5 years
Particulars 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Assets :
Current asset
cash
18,117,537 19,951,074 25,306,611 34,582,148 52,611,182
Miscellaneous
and fixed
asset
222,000,000 222,000,000 222,000,000 222,000,000 222,000,000
Less :
depreciation
26,000,000 26,000,000 26,000,000 26,000,000 26,000,000
Share capital 40,582,463 32,112,463 20,954,243 6,735,734 0
Total assets: 254,700,000 248,063,537 242,260,854 237,317,882 248,611,182
Liabilities:
Owners’
equity
109,200,000 109,200,000 109,200,000 109,200,000 109,200,000
Long term
bank loan
135,000,000 114,167,537 90,626,854 64,025,882 33,966,784
Reserve and
surplus
10,500,000 24,696,000 42,434,000 64,092,000 94,503,500
Total
liabilities
254,700,000 248,063,537 242,260,854 237,317,882 248,611,182

8. NVP, IRR, Payback period calculation:
NPV Calculation:
NPV means the net present value of the project. With the help of NPV we estimate whether
to accept the project or reject the project. Let compute the NPV of our estimated cash flow at
15% cost of capital.
∑𝐶𝐼𝐹𝑡
NPV= − 𝐶𝑂𝐹𝑡
(1+k∧ 𝑛)
18,117,537 19,951,074 25,306,611 34,582,148 52,611,182
[ + + + + ]−20,000,000
(1+.15) (1+.15)∧ 2 (1+.15)∧ 3 (1+.15)∧ 4 (1+.15)∧ 5
= (15,754,380+15,085,878+16,639,508+19,772,455+26,157,056)−20,000,000
= 73,409,277
IRR calculation:
Let’s assume new cost of capital 95%
NPV=
18,117,537 19,951,074 25,306,611 34,582,148 52,611,182
[ + + + + ] - 20,000,000
(1+.9) (1+.9)∧ 2 (1+.9)∧ 3 (1+.9)∧ 4 (1+.9)∧ 5
= (9,535,546+ 5,526,613+ 3,689,584+2,653,613+2,124,761)-20,000,000
=3,530,117
Another cost of capital 105%
NPV=
18,117,537 19,951,074 25,306,611 34,582,148 52,611,182

[ + + + + ]−20,000,000
(1+1.05) (1+1.05)∧ 2 (1+1.05)∧ 3 (1+1.05) ∧ 4 (1+1.05)∧ 5
= (8,837,822+4,747,429+2,937,463+1,958,107+1,453,144)−20,000,000
= −66,035
NPV @ lower rate
IRR= Higher rate + NPV @ lower rate – NPV @higher rate * (Higher rate – lower rate)
3,530,117
= 105 + 3530117- (-66,035) *(105- 90)
= 119.72%
Payback Period:
Here we calculate the payback period of the project:
Year CFBDT Depreciatio
n
CFBT Tax
@30%
CFAT Net cash
flow
Cumulative
cash flow
0 20,000,000 0 (20,000,000) (20,000,000)
1 41,000,000 26,000,000 15,000,000 4,5000,00 10,500,000 36,500,000 16,500,000
2 46,280,000 26,000,000 20,280,000 6,084,000 14,196,000 40,196,000 20,519,000
3 51,340,000 26,000,000 25,340,000 7,602,000 17,738,000 43,738,000 64,257,600
4 56,940,000 26,000,000 30,940,000 9,282,000 21,658,000 47,658,000 111,915,600
5 69,445,000 26,000,000 43,445,000 13,033,500 30,411,500 56,411,500 168,327,100

Unrecovered investment
Payback period= Year before complete recovery+
CF in the year of recovery
20,000,000
= 0+
36,500,000
= .55 year
9. Ratio analysis:
Debt ratio:
In calculation of debt ratio we have to divide total debt by total assets
56.22
47.19
36.65
24.95
12.37
Debt
Ratio
2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Year ratio
2014 56.22
2015 47.19
2016 36.65
2017 24.95
2018 12.37

Total assets turnover:
This ratio is calculated by dividing sales by total assets
year ratio
2014 14.58
2015 17.36
2016 19.81
2017 21.83
2018 28.27
Profit margin sales:
This is calculated by dividing net income by sales
year ratio
2014 30%
2015 33.8%
2016 36.2%
2017 38.66%
2018 43.44%
8.23.2
1.4
1.2
0
profit margin
30%
33.80%
36.20%
38.66%
43.44%
8.23.2
1.4
1.2
0 Sales
14.58
17.36
19.81
21.83
28.27

10. Sensitivity analysis:
In sensitivity analysis we are considered the cost of production and sales:
Increasing cost of production 5%
particulars 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
sales 35,000,000 42,000,000 49,000,000 56,000,000 70,000,000
Cost of
production
14,805,000 16,075,500 17,451,000 18,406500 19,257,000
Gross profit 20195000 25,924,500 31,549,000 37,593,500, 50,743,000
Total selling
and
administration
expense
5,900,000 6,410,000 7,040,000 7,530,000 8,215,000
Net operating
income
14,295,000 19,514,500 24,509,000 30,063,500 42,528,000
Tax @ 30% 4,288,500 5,854,350 7,352,700 9,019,050 12758400
Net income 10,006,500 13,660,150 17,156,300 21,044,450 29,769,600
By reducing sales 5%
particulars 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018
Sales 33,250,000 39,900,000 46,550,000 53,200,000 66,500,000
Less: cost of
production
14,100,000 15,310,000 16,620,000 17,530,000 18,340,000
Gross profit 19,150,000 24,590,000 29,930,000 35,670,000 48,160,000
Total selling
and
administrative
expense
5,900,000 6,410,000 7,040,000 7,530,000 8,215,000
Net operating
income
13,250,000 18,180,000 22,890,000 28,140,000 39,945,000
Tax @ 30% 3,975,000 5,454,000 6,867,000 8,442,000 11,983,500
Net income 9,275,000 12,726,000 22,203,000 19,698,000 27,961,500

11. Risk and insurance:
In our project there are some basic risk may involve-
 Potential competitors might cause risk.
 Unavailability of skilled labor.
 Any political or economic turmoil may cause harm.

Part Six: Socio
Economic
Aspects

Social Responsibility
Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is defined as the voluntary activities undertaken by a
company to operate in an economic, social and environmentally sustainable manner. As per this
concept we do our business for our own as well as the welfare of our society. We will keep a 1%
of our profit for social welfare. Using that fund we will perform the following activities –
1. CR vision:
To be recognized as most socially responsible sim card operator in Bangladesh & in the
corporate sector.
2.CR mission:
 Create shared value for the society through our mobile technology
integrate responsible business practices in all operations
 Integrate responsible business practices in all operations.
3.Our social responsibility initiatives focus on creating shared value through:
 Promote safer production & services
 Minimize our carbon foot print
 Minimize the enable effect of mobile telecommunication
4.Some of our key social responsibility:
There are some necessary social responsibilities that we will provide to the society-
 Awareness building on varied national issues like- AIDS, National
Immunization Day
 Economic freedom for village phone operators.
 Employments opportunities to uneducated people.

Business Ethics
Ethics is a moral standard that regulate right & wrong conduct. And business ethics is critical,
standard examination of how people & institution should behave in the world of commerce.
Business must be run ethically. Though a business should run by maintaining ethics so as we
also try to maintain our business ethics in some major sectors that are discuss below-
 Stock price:
Stock price in a market is the major reward for the entrepreneur in the organization. Directors are
paying their hard labor to make an efficient organization. So when our companies perform well
we can sell our portion with price & here we maintain our ethics that no illegal or misconduct
will not occurred.
 To attain new customers:
Customer habited to deal with, is one of the most ethically supported for our business causes we
likely to secure our deal and transactions, payment in time and getting feedback, quality & value
attain as we mention. So be ethical to get more customers.
 To maintain reputation:
Reputation is needed to expand the market share & getting financial support. So to keep our
reputation well we will try to avoid lawsuit. Our regulatory body is always busy to find out those
who are not doing ethical conduct in business field. To avoid fine and lawsuit be ethical.
Business ethics are implemented in order to ensure that a certain required level of trust exists
between consumers and various forms of market participants with businesses. For example, a
portfolio manager must give the same consideration to the portfolios of family members and
small individual investors. Such practices ensure that the public is treated fairly.

Environment Impact of the Project
We've made some changes to our SIM card packaging so that it's better for our customers
and for our environment
 Recycling around 14 tonnes of plastic used in our standard prepaid SIM cards annually
 Reducing the amount of paper used in our prepaid SIM card starter kits by 60%, saving
over 50 tonnes of paper annually
This change will save around 14 tonnes of ABS plastic from possibly ending up in landfill each
year. By recycling the extra plastic before it even reaches our customers we're ensuring that it
doesn't end up in the rubbish tip which can take hundreds of years to decompose.
We've also reduced the amount of paper in the outer packaging of our prepaid SIM starter kits
and removed any additional PVC plastic windows, making it easier for our customers to recycle
at home.
All of the paper packaging is sourced from sustainably
managed forests
Our next step is to work with our suppliers to find ways to
further reduce the amount of plastic that is used in the
SIM card manufacturing process.
So this is just the start. We'll continue to look for ways to
keep reducing the environmental impact of our SIM cards
and packaging, and other packaged products we provide to
our customers.

Contribution towards the Economy
In the mid-1990s, the telephone service in Bangladesh was in a very poor state. The country had
one of the lowest teledensities in the world with less than one phone per 100 in habitants. But
now days in our country each & every people are using mobile phone. But the main part of a
warless phone is a sim card though it’s imported from the abroad. & to concentrate on this matter
now we are starting sim cards production project in our own country. So as we are also try to
make some contribution to the economy like-
 The performance evaluation report rates the projects highly
successful overall. The project achieved its main objective of
assisting the establishment of a nationwide telephony system. The
village phone program has also provided telephone access to the
villages in rural Bangladesh.
 The project made a very substantial contribution to private sector
development and was rated was excellent in the category. This
project has notable upstream and downstream linkages, promote
competition & innovation, provide a big boost to the country
capital markets and demonstrated high standards of corporate
governance.
 In terms of business success the project rated excellent. The project
surpasses all the operational & financial targets that were set during
approval. It will contribute to economic development was likewise
rated excellent.
Mainly those that are given above this are our projects main contribution to the economy that
we will try to meet up.

References
Wikipedia
Other Websites
Class lecture
BBA seminar

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