Responses to the indus rev
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Ideological responses to the Industrial Revolution included capitalism, socialism, and communism. [1] Capitalism emphasized private ownership, profits, and competition while socialism aimed for universal prosperity and eliminating social classes. [2] Karl Marx and Friedrich Engels proposed communism as outlined in The Communist Manifesto, which called for workers to unite and control the means of production. [3] Responses also included labor unions, artistic criticism, and extreme reactions like the Luddites who destroyed machinery.
Responses to the indus rev
- 1. Ideological Responses to the Industrial Revolution
- 2. What is capitalism? • investing capital with the specific purpose of making a profit • production = what people want = market forces • emphasis on the individual • competition is important • wide gaps in social classes
- 3. How are prices determined? • labor • materials • demand • quantity
- 4. Socialism: What is it? • social and economic system • goal: success for everyone • production = what people need • work to eliminate social classes • How is that done? • pro modernization, but without competition
- 5. Karl Marx • co-wrote The Communist Manifesto in 1848 • condemned exploitation • extremely poor • atheist • free education for all
- 6. Friedrich Engels • co-wrote The Communist Manifesto • wrote Conditions of the Working Class in England (1848) • son of a wealthy factory owner • helped support Marx
- 7. The Communist Manifesto • workers must unite! • take over “means of production” • redistribute wealth • end social classes • did not have a big impact in the 19th c., but that changed in 1917
- 8. Socialism vs Communism • working to end social • NO social classes classes (smaller gaps) • government controls ALL • government controls production = command some production economy • some private property • NO private property • True communism has NEVER EXISTED
- 9. Worker Responses • form unions • skilled vs unskilled • “closed” shops • *collective bargaining*
- 10. Extreme Response--Luddites • story of the weaver named Ned Ludd • modern meaning
- 11. Artistic Responses • realism • goals • criticism
- 12. Evaluating the Industrial Revolution • PROS • CONS • cheaper products • exploitation/ dehumanization of workers • eventually, higher standard of living • growth of slums • stable pay (middle class) • minimum wage • increased efficiency • new technology can improve life (phones, cars, • damage to environment and people computers)