Revision program
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This document provides a chemistry revision programme that includes: 1. Lists of cation and anion names and formulas. 2. Instructions to construct chemical formulas for compounds. 3. Information on chemical properties of acids and reactions with metals, carbonates, and basic oxides. 4. Examples of balanced chemical and ionic equations for acid-base reactions. 5. Tables of chloride, nitrate, and sulfate salts formed from the example equations.
Revision program
- 1. SMK RAJA MUDA MUSA CHEMISTRY REVISION PROGRAMME 2013 ( AIM FOR A IN CHEMISTRY ) Name of cation / positive ion Formula Name of anion / negative ion Formula Hydrogen chloride Lithium bromide Sodium iodide Potassium hydroxide Calcium nitrate Magnesium carbonate Aluminium sulphate Zinc oxide Copper (I) Copper (II) Silver Iron (II) Iron (III) Lead (II) Lead (IV) Ammonium Stanum (II) Stanum (IV) B. Construct chemical formulae for the chemical compounds (as many as possible ) Total …………….. C Name Formula Name Formula Hydrochloric acid Sodium hydroxide Sulphuric acid Potassium hydroxide Nitic acid Barium hydroxide Ammonia gas Sulphur dioxide gas Chlorine gas Nitrogen dioxide gas Hydrogen sulphide gas Sulphur trioxide gas 1
- 2. D CHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF ACID ACID + ALKALI SALT + WATER ACID + METAL SALT + HYDROGEN ACID + METAL CARBONATE SALT + WATER + CARBON DIOXIDE ACID + BASIC OXIDE SALT + WATER E Write a balance chemical and ionic eguation using symbol and formula Chemical eguation Ionic equation 1. Hydrochloric acid + Sodium hydroxide 2. Sulphuric acid + Barium hydroxide 3. Nitric acid + Potassium hydroxide 4. Hydrochloric acid + Magnesium 5. Sulphuric acid + Zinc 6. Nitric acid + Ferum 7. Hydrochloric acid + sodium carbonate 8. Sulphuric acid + Copper (II) carbonate 9. Sulphuric acid + Ammonium carbonate 10. Nitric acid + Lead (II) carbonate 11. Hydrochloric acid + Zinc oxide 12. Sulphuric acid + Copper (II) oxide 13. Nitric acid + Lead (II) oxide Solihah Haji Isa 6.15 am, 21.7.07 2
- 3. F. From E catergories chloride salts, nitrate salts and sulphates salts using formula Chloride salts Nitrate salts Sulphate salts G. The above salts are all soluble in water. Therefore soluble salts can be prepared by 4 methods ( refer to A ). All nitrate salts are soluble in water. H. Name and write the formulae of all the insoluble salts for chlorides, sulphates and carbonates. Chlorides Sulphates carbonates ………………………………. ……………………................. ………………………………. ( PAMeR ) …………………………………. …………………………………. ………………………………… ( BaCaP ) All carbonates are insoluble except carbonates of group 1, that is Li2CO3, Na2CO3, K2CO3... I. Insoluble salts can be prepared by precipitation or double decomposition method. The reactants are 2 aqueous soluble salts mix together to form 2 salts, soluble and insoluble salt. Soluble salt + Soluble salt Insoluble salt + Soluble salt J. Write down the chemical equations and ionic equations for formation of (i) Insoluble Salts of Chlorides. (PAMer) Chemical equation Ionic equation 1.Pb(NO3)2 + 2NaCl PbCl2 + 2NaNO3 1. Pb2+ + 2Cl- PbCl2 2. 2. (ii) Insoluble Salts of Sulphates (BaCaP) Chemical equation Ionic equation 1.Ba(NO3)2 + Na 2SO4 BaSO4 + 2NaNO3 1. Ba2+ + 2SO4 2- BaSO4 2. 2. 3. 3. Solihah Haji Isa 6.15 am, 21.7.07 3
- 4. (iii) Insoluble Salts of Carbonates Chemical equation Ionic equation 1.Pb(NO3)2 + Na2CO3 PbCO3 + 2NaNO3 1. Pb2+ + CO3 2- PbCO3 2. 2. 3. 3. 4. 4. K. Displacement reaction. The metal which is higher in the electrochemical series will displace the metal which is lower in the electrochemical series from its salt solution. ( A more electropositive metal will displace a less electropositive metal from its salt solution ) Suggest the reactants needed and write a balance chemical equation and ionic equation for the following, Chemical equation Ionic equation 1.Magnesium + Zinc sulphate 2. 3. 4. 5. L. Electrochemical Series K Na Ca Mg Al Zn Fe Sn Pb H Cu Ag More electropositive Solihah Haji Isa 6.15 am, 21.7.07 4
- 5. L.Heating of Salts Write down the balance chemical equation using symbol and formula for the following salt. State the colour changes. (i) Carbonates Salts Chemical equation Observation 1.Zinc carbonate Zinc oxide + carbon dioxide …………………………………………………. 2. Copper (II) carbonate …………………………………………………. 3. Lead (II) carbonate ………………………………………………….. Solihah Haji Isa 6.15 am, 21.7.07 (ii) Nitrate salts Chemical equation Observation 1.Zinc nitrate Zinc oxide + nitrogen +oxygen dioxide …………………………………………………. 2. Copper (II) nitrate …………………………………………………. 3. Lead (II) nitrate ………………………………………………….. 4. 2NaNO3 2NaNO2 + O2 Sodium nitrite (i.Carbonates of group 1 do not decompose on heating, that is Na2CO3 , K2CO3….. ) ii. Nitrates of group 1 decompose to nitrite and oxygen on heating. 5
- 6. L.Heating of Salts Write down the balance chemical equation using symbol and formula for the following salt. State the colour changes. (i) Carbonates Salts Chemical equation Observation 1.Zinc carbonate Zinc oxide + carbon dioxide …………………………………………………. 2. Copper (II) carbonate …………………………………………………. 3. Lead (II) carbonate ………………………………………………….. Solihah Haji Isa 6.15 am, 21.7.07 (ii) Nitrate salts Chemical equation Observation 1.Zinc nitrate Zinc oxide + nitrogen +oxygen dioxide …………………………………………………. 2. Copper (II) nitrate …………………………………………………. 3. Lead (II) nitrate ………………………………………………….. 4. 2NaNO3 2NaNO2 + O2 Sodium nitrite (i.Carbonates of group 1 do not decompose on heating, that is Na2CO3 , K2CO3….. ) ii. Nitrates of group 1 decompose to nitrite and oxygen on heating. 5