Robotic technology
- 2. Contents Introduction of Robot its Technology. Types of robot. Components of robot. Robot Configuration Which Language are used in robotics technology. Application of robotics technology. Advantage and Disadvantage of robotics technology. Future of robotics technology. Conclusion.
- 3. Introduction A machine capable of carrying out a complex series of actions automatically, especially one programmable by a computer. A robot is a machine designed to execute one or more tasks repeatedly, with speed and precision. There are as many different types of robots as there are tasks for them to perform. A robot can be controlled by a human operator, sometimes from a great distance. Robot
- 4. Robotics Technology Robotics is the branch of mechanical engineering, electrical engineering and computer science that deals with the design, construction, operation, and application of robots, as well as computer systems for their control, sensory feedback, and information processing.
- 5. First Developed The first digital and programmable robot was invented by George Devol in 1954 and was named the Unimate. It was sold to General Motors in 1961 where it was used to lift pieces of hot metal from die casting machines at the Inland Fisher Guide Plant in the West Trenton section of Ewing Township, New Jersey.
- 6. Types of robots by General Concept 1. Pick and place 2. Continuous path control 3. Sensory
- 7. Pick and Place Moves items from one point to another Does not need to follow a specific path between points Uses include loading and unloading machines, placing components on circuit boards, and moving parts off conveyor belts. A cartesian robot for picking and placing circuits on circuit-boards
- 8. Continuous path control Moves along a specific path Uses include welding, cutting, machining parts. Robotic seam welding
- 9. Sensory Uses sensors for feedback. Closed-loop robots use sensors in conjunction with actuators to gain higher accuracy – servo motors. Uses include mobile robotics, telepresence, search and rescue, pick and place with machine vision.
- 10. Types of robots by application Industrial robots Domestic or household robots Medical robots Service robots Military robots Entertainment robots Space robots Hobby and competition robots
- 11. Types of robots by Locomotion and Kinematics Stationary Robots(including robotic arms with a global axis of movement) Cartesian/Gantry robots Cylindrical robots Spherical robots Articulated robots Parallel robots'
- 12. Wheeled Robots Single wheel(ball) robots Two-wheel robots Three and more wheel robots
- 13. Legged Robots Bipedal robots(humanoid robots) Tropical robots Quadruped robots Hexapod robots Other number of legs
- 14. Swimming Robots Flying Robots Mobile Robots Swarm Robots
- 15. Components of robot A Robot is a system, consists of the following elements, which are integrated to form a whole: Manipulator / Rover : This is the main body of the Robot and consists of links, joints and structural elements of the Robot. End Effector : This is the part that generally handles objects, makes connection to other machines, or performs the required tasks. It can vary in size and complexity from a end effector on the space shuttle to a small gripper .
- 16. Acutators :Actuators are the muscles of the manipulators. Common types of actuators are servomotors, stepper motors, pneumatic cylinders etc. Sensors : Sensors are used to collect information about the internal state of the robot or to communicate with the outside environment. Robots are often equipped with external sensory devices such as a vision system, touch and tactile sensors etc which help to communicate with the environment
- 17. Controller : The controller receives data from the computer, controls the motions of the actuator and coordinates these motions with the sensory feedback information.
- 18. Robot Configurations Some of the commonly used configurations in Robotics are Cartesian/Rectangular Gantry(3P) : These Robots are made of 3 Linear joints that orient the end effector, which are usually followed by additional revolute joints.
- 19. Programming Languages Motivation need to interface robot control system to external sensors, to provide “real time” changes based on sensory equipment computing based on geometry of environment ability to interface with CAD/CAM systems meaningful task descriptions off-line programming capability
- 20. Large number of robot languages available AML, VAL, AL, RAIL, RobotStudio, etc. (200+) Each robot manufacturer has their own robot programming language No standards exist Portability of programs virtually non- existent
- 21. Application of Robotics Technology Nowadays the uses the many fields. In Industries •Welding •Packing •Painting •Assembling •Material Handling
- 22. •Carry •Loading
- 23. Domestic or household •Sweeper •Washing •Gutter Cleaner •Pool Cleaner •Vacuum Cleaner
- 25. Medical Purpose Military Entertainment In Space Hobby and competition Defuse Bum
- 26. Advantage 1) Going to far away planets 2) Spying on people in ways people can't move and from views humans can't reach 3) Going far down into the unknown waters where humans would be crushed 4) Giving us information that humans can't get
- 27. 5) Working at places 24/7 without any salary and food. Plus they don't get bored 6) They can perform tasks faster than humans and much more consistently and accurately
- 28. 7) They can capture moments just too fast for the human eye to get, for example the Atlas detector in the LHC project can capture ~ 600000 frames per second while we can see at about 60
- 29. 8) Most of them are automatic so they can go around by themselves without any human interference 9) They can entertain us and help us in certain tasks
- 30. Disadvantage 1) People can lose jobs in factories 2) It needs a supply of power 3) It needs maintenance to keep it running 4) It costs money to make or buy a robot
- 31. Future of robotics technology Bottle filling Plant. Construction works. Rescue Robots Robotic Competitions Robotic Insects Robotic Prosthetics Robot Caregivers
- 32. Conclusions Robots are an important component in Intelligent Environments •Automate devices •Provide physical services
- 33. Robot Systems in these environments need particular capabilities •Autonomous control systems •Simple and natural human-robot interface •Adaptive and learning capabilities •Robots have to maintain safety during operation
- 34. While a number of techniques to address these requirements exist, no functional, satisfactory solutions have yet been developed •Only very simple robots for single tasks in intelligent environments exist