Robotics
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The document defines a robot as a machine that can sense its environment, process sensory information, and physically interact with the world through actuation. It explains that robots are useful for performing repetitive, dangerous, or precision tasks. The document also describes the key components of robots including sensors, effectors, power sources, and different types of movement.
Robotics
- 1. FAIZAN Q MUQHAL AND M.FAHD UN NABI KHAN X-O USMAN PUBLIC SCHOOL
- 2. What is a robot? Definition: Alternate definition: “A robot is a one-armed, blind idiot with limited memory and which cannot speak, see, or hear.”
- 3. What is hard for humans is easy for robots. Repetitive tasks. Continuous operation. Do complicated calculations. Refer to huge data bases. What is easy for a human is hard for robots. Reasoning. Adapting to new situations. Flexible to changing requirements. Integrating multiple sensors. Resolving conflicting data. Synthesizing unrelated information. Creativity.
- 4. Dangerous Space exploration chemical spill cleanup disarming bombs disaster cleanup Boring and/or repetitive Welding car frames part pick and place manufacturing parts. High precision or high speed Electronics testing Surgery precision machining.
- 5. How do our sensors work? eyes brain How do we integrate sensors? How does our muscular-skeletal system work? How do we grab and hold an object? How does our brain process information? What is nature of intelligence? How do we make decisions?
- 6. Action Stationary base Mobile Sensors Intelligence Power supply Robert Stengel, Princeton Univ.
- 7. Actuators pneumatic hydraulic electric solenoid Motors Analog (continuous) Stepping (discrete increments) Gears, belts, screws, levers Manipulations
- 8. Pick and place Moves items between points. Continuous path control Moves along a programmable path Sensory Employs sensors for feedback
- 9. Simple joints (2D) Prismatic — sliding along one axis square cylinder in square tube Revolute — rotating about one axis Compound joints (3D) ball and socket = 3 revolute joints round cylinder in tube = 1 prismatic, 1 revolute Degrees of freedom = Number of independent motions 3 degrees of freedom: 2 translation, 1 rotation 6 degrees of freedom: 3 translation, 3 rotation
- 10. Legs Wheels Tracks Crawls Roll
- 11. Optical Laser / radar 3D Color spectrum Pressure Temperature Chemical Motion & Accelerometer Acoustic Ultrasonic
- 12. Uses sensors for feedback Closed-loop robots use sensors in conjunction with actuators to gain higher accuracy – servo motors. Uses include mobile robotics, telepresence, search and rescue, pick and place with machine vision.
- 13. Open loop, i.e., no feedback, deterministic Instructions Rules Closed loop, i.e., feedback Learn Adapt