![Fixing a Satellite in an Orbit
How fast is this? R ~ 6400 km = 6.4106 m,
so you’d need a speed of
sqrt[(6.4106m)(10m/s2)] = sqrt (6.4107)
m/s, so:
v 8000 m/s = 8 km/s = 28,800 km/hr ~
18,000 mph](https://image.slidesharecdn.com/rockets-181127131101/85/Rockets-32-320.jpg)
Rockets
- 1. PRESENTED BY V.S.RASHMI PRIYEM XI STANDARD G1 SECTION CEOA MATRICULATION HR.SEC.SCHOOL Rockets
- 2. Content Introduction to Rockets History of Rocket Principle behind Rocket Types of Fuel used Launching a Satellite Difference between Rocket & Satellite Application
- 3. Introduction to Rockets Rocket is a Space vehicle Used to Transport Missile, Satellite,etc
- 4. History of Rocket The Chinese is claimed by many to be the inventor of the black powder (about 200 B.C – 2216 Years back) and thus the rockets India should be honored instead of China for the Rocket Crackers during Diwali & Temple Festivals 5000 Year old Tradition
- 6. Contd. The Chinese also developed rockets and flame torches to be used in combat against their main enemy, the Mongols.
- 7. NEWTON’S THIRD LAW OF MOTION Principle Behind Rocket
- 8. Isaac Newton’s 3rd law of Motion For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction
- 10. A balloon is a simple example of a rocket. Rubber walls compress the air inside. Air escapes from the small opening at one end and the balloon flies.
- 11. Action and Reaction A rocket takes off only when it expels gas. Action: The rocket pushes the gas out of the engine. Reaction: The gas pushes up on the rocket. UP DOWN
- 12. DRAG-Opposing Force DRAG = Air Resistance Air Resistance causes friction which slows down the Rocket. Friction always works in the opposite direction of the Rocket’s motion. (Even when a rocket is descending, drag counteracts the rocket’s motion!) UP DOWN Air Resistance (DRAG) MOTIO N (Reactio n) MASS EXITING (Action)
- 13. TIPS: REDUCING DRAG More AERODYNAMIC or pointed nose cone: This causes the air to “part” around the bottle. More Aerodynamic fins: Thinner, more streamlined fins reduce drag. Position fins toward the tail of the rocket (moves CP!). A Round or Contoured Nose Cone allows Air to easily separate, thus reducing the effects of Drag Drag has a significant effect on blunted bodies, such as the Nose Cone below.
- 14. Rocket Fin Shapes Square/Trapezoidal Fins yield MORE stability, but create MORE drag. Triangular/ Epsilon Fins introduce LESS drag, but yield LESS stability.
- 15. Thrust Forward motion or thrust can best be described by observing a balloon filled with air. When air is released from the balloon, forces inside the balloon cause it to move to the left.
- 16. The Action (Thrust) has to be greater than the weight due to gravity of the rocket for the reaction (liftoff) to happen.
- 17. Weight Weight is the force generated by the gravitational attraction on the rocket. More the Weight more the Thrust required to push
- 18. Lift The lift force (the aerodynamic force perpendicular to the flight direction) is used to overcome the weight. On a rocket, thrust is used in opposition to weight. On many rockets, lift is used to stabilize and control the direction of flight.
- 19. Stability During Flight The purpose of putting fins on a rocket is to provide stability during flight, that is, to allow the rocket to maintain its orientation and intended flight path.
- 20. Stability During Flight… Think about a dart… Fins or feathers in the rear act like wind veins and trail behind. Heavy mass made of metal carriers the momentum.
- 21. Type of Fuel Used Solid Fuel Rocket Liquid Fuel Rocket Water Pressure Rocket
- 22. Solid Fuel Rockets Fuel in solid form burns and is converted to hot gasses. Hot gasses expand and create high pressure. Pressure escapes out nozzle, pushing against air and rocket body equally.
- 23. More on Solid Fuel Rockets Solid-fueled rockets use a fuel and oxidizer in solid form. The fuel and oxidizer are in a powdery or rubbery mixture known as the grain or charge.
- 24. Once a solid-fueled rocket is ignited, it burns completely. There is no way to stop the combustion or to change the amount of thrust. More on Solid Fuel Rockets
- 25. Liquid Fuel Rockets Work on same basic principles as solid fuel. Carry liquid fuel and oxygen. Unlike solid fuel, liquid fuel can be regulated to control thrust.
- 26. … Liquid Fuel Used for launches and interplanetary travel, liquid fuel rockets More versatile than solid rockets because the amount of thrust can be controlled, but they are less reliable than solid rocket engines.
- 27. Water Rockets Instead of hot gasses creating pressure, we use a bike pump and store pressure. Action: Expelling water from engine bottle (water is forced down) Reaction: Water resisting against rocket body (Rocket is forced up)
- 29. Water Rockets Work Like Real Rockets
- 30. Space Shuttle: Liquid Fuel and Oxygen tank feeding Engines Solid Fuel Rocket Boosters
- 31. Propulsion All spacecraft need to reach about 17,500 miles per hour to get into orbit. Thrust is used to push the spacecraft this fast. Thrust is produced by burning a rocket fuel with oxygen. If there is not enough thrust the spacecraft will fall back to earth due to gravity.
- 32. Fixing a Satellite in an Orbit How fast is this? R ~ 6400 km = 6.4106 m, so you’d need a speed of sqrt[(6.4106m)(10m/s2)] = sqrt (6.4107) m/s, so: v 8000 m/s = 8 km/s = 28,800 km/hr ~ 18,000 mph
- 33. Spring 2008 4 km/s: Not Fast Enough....
- 34. Spring 2008 6 km/s: Almost Fast Enough....but not quite!
- 35. Spring 2008 8 km/s: Not Too Fast, Nor Too Slow....Just Right
- 36. Spring 2008 10 km/s: Faster Than Needed to Achieve Orbit
- 37. At the moment of Rocket Launch
- 38. Fixing Satellite in Orbit
- 39. Satellite in Earth Orbit
- 40. Types of satellite Astronomy satellites - Hubble Space Telescope Atmospheric Studies satellites - Polar Communications satellites - Anik E Navigation satellites - Navstar Reconaissance satellites - Kennan, Big Bird, Lacrosse Remote Sensing satellites - Radarsat Search and Rescue satellites - Cospas-Sarsat Space Exploration satellites - Galileo Weather satellites - Meteosat
- 42. Difference between rockets and satellite Rockets Satellite Rockets are powered by their own motors with fuel tanks, usually going up unless there is a malfunction. Satellites, on the other hand, are powered by gravity's inertia and usually solar power with small guidance boosters to keep them in orbit for longer periods. Rockets carry the satellites Satellites orbit while rockets go up. Satellites orbit a planetary body, such as the Earth or moon, or any other object in space.
- 43. How many satellites are in orbit? There are approximately 9,000. At the time of this writing, there were 8,953 satellites in orbit around Earth including 4,503 larger pieces of space junk.
- 44. What’s the path of the satellite? Geosynchronous orbit -- Circle
- 45. What do you mean by natural and artificial satellite? Artificial satellites are man made while natural satellite are formed by nature. Artificial satellites need energy for installation and to rotate around any planet while natural satellites do not require any energy for revolving. Artificial satellites move closer than the natural satellite. Some examples are weather satellites (GOES), communication satellites (ANIK), navigation satellites (GPS), scientific satellites (TERRIERS), and military satellites (MILSTAR).
- 46. Moon is a natural satellite and the earth can also be considered a satellite of the sun are examples of natural satellite. What do you mean by natural and artificial satellite?
- 47. How long it will take for a satellite to get into its orbit? Depends on where in space and the speed of the aircraft … The shortest trip to the Moon took place in January 2006 by the NASA Pluto probe New Horizons. With the speed of 58,000 km/hr, it only took 8 hours and 35 minutes to get to the Moon from Earth. Apollo missions took about three days to reach the moon. It will take minimum 6 hrs to reach international space station
- 48. What is the life span of satellite? Around Ten years
- 49. What will happen to the debris of rocket? Most everything that does fall back to the earth burns up in the atmosphere upon reentry. This is because of the friction generated by the atmosphere on the debris.
- 50. How many launch pads are in India? Four Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre,thiruvananthapuram,thumba Balasore,odisha Satish Dhawan Space Centre, Sriharikota, Andhra Pradesh Abdul Kalam Island, Odisha
- 51. Does the time of flight vary with the altitude? Yes
- 52. What’s the distance between the earth and the orbit? Geostationary orbit, geostationary earth orbit or geosynchronous equatorial orbit (GEO) is a circular orbit 35,786 kilometres (22,236 mi) above the earth's equator . satelite's in high geostationary orbits 23,000 miles about 37,000km are beyond the van allen radiation belt Low earth orbit which is a satelite orbiting below 2000 km between the radiation belt and the earths atmosphere.
- 53. Why launch pads are located near seashore? The launching stations are generally located near eastern coast line so that, just in case of failure of the launch, the satellite does not fall on built-up hinterland.
- 54. Uses of Rocket Military Satellite Launch Science and research Spaceflight Rescue