Rolling Circle Model of DNA Replication
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DNA replication involves three main steps: initiation, elongation, and termination. During initiation, enzymes like helicase prepare the DNA strands, while elongation can differ between eukaryotes and prokaryotes, with bacteria using a unique 'rolling circle replication' method. The process concludes with termination, where linear strands are cleaved and circularized to form complete DNA molecules.
Rolling Circle Model of DNA Replication
- 2. DNA Replication A general Account
- 3. A process of producing two identical copies from one original DNA molecule Three basic steps: i) Initiation ii) Elongation iii) Termination i) Initiation: During initiation, some enzymes like helicase, cut the hydrogen bonds or produce the nick in the strands of DNA to make it available for the enzymes to carry out further process of replication. Single strand binding proteins restrict the rebinding of hydrogen bonds. Enzymes & proteins reach to the nick; make the complex and replication starts.
- 4. Real difference is present at the step of elongation. ii) Elongation: Polymerase proceeds on the DNA and formation or elongation starts. In Eukaryotes, the DNA is much larger so the replication forms a linear structure often. But in some Prokaryotes, specially in bacteria who possess the plasmid, a unique type of replication occurs known as “Rolling circle Replication”.
- 5. Rolling Circle Model of DNA Replication
- 6. Replication in eukaryotes is bidirectional, this type is unidirectional. Ideal example of this type is the circular plasmid of bacteria, as it happens only in circular genomes. Initiation Initiates - phosphate ends, by the action of: a) Helicase b) Topoisomerases c) Single stranded binding proteins (SSBPs). Helicase SSBPs Bacterial Plasmid
- 7. Elongation For Elongation, -OH group of broken strand, using the unbroken strand as a template. The polymerase will start to move in a circle for elongation, due to which it is named as Rolling circle model end will be displaced and will grow out like a waving thread. DNA Polymerase III Broken Strand Origin Point
- 8. Termination At the point of termination, the linear DNA molecule is cleaved from the circle, resulting in a double stranded circular DNA molecule and a single-stranded linear DNA molecule. The linear single stranded molecule is circularized by the action of ligase and then replication to double stranded circular plasmid molecule. Origin Point
- 9. A brilliant Example of Rolling Circle Model: The conjugation between F+ and F- Bacteria
- 11. Schematic Diagram of Rolling Circle Model of DNA Replication
- 12. Helicase SSBPs Bacterial Plasmid DNA Polymerase III Broken Strand Ligase
- 13. Replication