Saint Benedict, the founder of Western monasticism, lived from approximately 480 to 547 AD and established the monastic Rule that significantly shaped European civilization and culture. His life included periods of solitude, miracles, and the founding of twelve monasteries, ultimately leading to his pivotal role in the spiritual and communal life of the time. He is recognized as the patron saint of Europe and remains influential in monastic practices today with his Rule being widely adopted by religious communities.