نوطة تعليمية لبرنامج Sap2000

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!"/)* (35 617/) 4(5 * •

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C:Program FilesComputers and StructuresSAP2000 8 Nonlinear

./0* 9 '! ()* +*,-)* 4)Q P'* , !"/)* (35 J K L/ M* 1N •
sap 2000 8.11 1(23)*

1(23)* ./0* :R 1(23)* ./0* :R •
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1(23)* ./0* •

S(3)* *TU V*W X(3)* 3P Y- * •
Computers and Structures :R Program Files :R C +*,-)* ./0* •
X(3)* ZTU 8[)* :R SAP2000 8 Nonlinear :R
'*, )* 91"] L^ ; •


'!)* 4(5 * •
:R sap 2000 8.11 1(23)* ./0* 9 '! ()* +*,-)* 4)* P'* •
sap2000v808

Y-" :+ , J X( 1(23)* *TU b0 12/; c d CRACK 1(23)* ./0* •
J X(3)* J TU
: 4)Q h6 , 7)* !"/ g3+ c d 4)Q eUf* •
C:Program FilesComputers and StructuresSAP2000 8 Nonlinear

J X(3)* J TU 8[( :+ •
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SAP 2000 – 8.11 !" " L * 1+ i,j k)T 9 •


Sap 200 - 8.11
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q/r- jrs tNq hT)* 9 b) /)* u -7)* !v 2)* " 1) Jj )
) /)* M,3 () | N/ 9 ( 30 x 70) ZW N 6
DL = 3 t/m :} ^/ 5~,3)* •
LL = 2 t/m

DL = 3 t/m : n(n3)* •
LL = 2 t/m

DL = 8 t :ƒ!„ 3)* •
LL = 5 t

(M , N , T W,L2)* qq‡ 1P96 : †,(q3)* 9
i 3)* u‡)* 1P96

r 9*!)* br0 r3v )* Jr kr)f9
r r r 1‡/r-3)* *1rd*,)* 1r 1 -1
r r r
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( ƒ, )*
U1"5 new model ' /‡ file 3v )* J -2
Jj) ƒ!U 2)* e)*, )* J 1 1N)* t 0 '*,d L^ ;
' /‡ k)T) Œs" js/ J 617 i6 •0Ž* J
grid only
number of grid spaces 3)* J3• -3
:b( 3„ ‡)* ’ *
2 :+ )* • x direction ‡)* b0
( x Z 2 J / /0 J S)“ ") n i6 k)f )
0 :+ )* • y direction ‡)* b0
( y ', 3)* Z 2 ["5 " 1) 1P, M t 6 k)f )
z direction ‡)* b0 Ž* k)T„ 9


Z 2 * „ b0 /X)* o, 3 + o15 grid spacing 3)* J3• -4
1r"5 r3L (35 r"72d r" 6 ' r7/5* 4r(5 z 9 y J / ‡) } 3/UM b5*W M )
number of grid spaces J3• 3L (j) 0 3 )* "N•9

o r / M* er2 k)Tr) xz h,/r-3)* br0 ƒW r5 :; !v*,2)* iQ : ^dp
k)f9 xz h,/-3)* 4)Q
'!)* 4(5 ")
/X)* W N 6 1N -5
coordinate/grid system '*, )* L^ 0 –9W! * j7s)* uV 5 *-
direction d ")* b0 x Z 2 M* ,U o NX)* Z 2 M* i6 1„Œ -
™ , ˜")* b0 6 :+ )* L^ 0xdirection d ")* b0 6 :+ )* W1d -
Move grid line uš•* :R 4 4)Q 3 )* ZTU
ok :R Move grid line :R 10 t" M1 e/„*912 :+ )* 4)Q /*-
J / /X)* b), W1d 1+ i,j k)T 9

] "N)* S N -6
'*, )* L^ 0Frame/cable sections /V* define 3v )* J -
frame propeties
Add rectangular ( q/- S•6 ) /V* js)* b0 3„9 -
ƒW r3)* œ,r r ™beam 4r)Q q 3)* :;* ™ :Radd new property uš• *-
0.3 4)Q width | N)* 3 + 90.7 4)Q depth 83N)* 3 + ™ :Rconc 4)Q


beam NP*9reinforcement uš•*-
T0*,")* 32) ok :R 3)* bU

Œs"3)* :;' - 7
:; )* ") . / ƒ*W6 bU9 draw frame/cable /V* draw 3v )* J •
Z r"0 5 hTr)* rq 3)* tr" ' r/‡ '*,rd r L^ 0 • VŽ q J
beam :; ;
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r r r r r •
ƒ VŽ 0 n)* 4)Q 4)9Ž* q ")* J Œs"3)*

Esc '!)* uš• :; )* (35 K L ž •

: ^dp
ƒ*WŽ* 4(5 uš•)* opV J ] "N)* } +'69 L +'69 1 N)* ' k"j3 •
joints J / d ")* J „ b0 lables } 6 8 p5 • 9 :R
frames 9
1 N)* 9 ] "N)* } +'6 L^/; U1"5 ok * •
1 N)* ) joints d ")* b0 invisible } 6 8 /)* p5 ¡)* •
1 -3)* -8
r- Ž* '!r)* 4(5 uš•) 1 1 /)* (35 :/ ) 2 9 1 ƒ1 N)* W1 •
( ƒ1 N)* o,d ƒT0 js e -)*9 ¢9 3()
W "/r;M* ' r/‡ :rR restraintes :rR joint r/V* assign r3v )* Jr •
e; "3)*
3 ƒ1 N)* (3N)* £X ' j •
M,3 )* -9
" 1) 3 /)* M d S N J 1 M *17)* b0
define loads '*, )* L^ 0 load cases /V* define 3v )* J
DL Jj )9 load name ‡)* b0 ),3 )* :;* /V* •
type ‡)* J ),3 )* ZTU œ, /V* •
rr 7)* i6 brr"N 1 :+ rr)* self weight multiplier rr ‡)* brr0 •
i~,r)* er- Jr) r 7)* i6 b"N 0 3 )*9 b *T)* i~,)* e- ;
‡)* ZTU b0 0 •") , b *T)*
modify load '!)* " •
Jr 0 •¤) add new load '!)* uš• "U Jj) • 6 d ),3d m N •
modify load


T0*,")* 32) ok uš• •

M,3 )* e „ S N
e „ /)* 4(5 h',-)* b N)* W,j)* 13/N 1 )* q)* b0 :(N 3„
1.5 DL + 1.8 LL
'!)* uš•* combinations ' /‡ define 3v )* J •
Response ombination data '*, )* L^ 0 add new combo
u1 † e „ /)* b3- •
linear add ,U ' ‡)* i6 1„Œ/ combination type d ")* J •
dead bU ),3 )* i6 1„Œ/ case name d ")* b0 •
/ 3)* ),3 () 1.5 bU9 7-")* • scale factor d ")* b0 •
add '!)* uš• •
LL 4)Q ),3 )* š case name d ")* b0 •
)* ),3 () 1.8 bU9 7-")* • scale factor d ")* b0 •
add '!)* uš• •
OK uš• •


M,3 )* ˜ [‡ -9
t (5 ") k)f9 1 ["N)* W1d
distributed :R frame load /V* assign 3v )* J
dead 4)Q 3 /)* ) d :;* ™
o NX)* ,U add to existing loads ' ‡)* i6 1„Œ options d ")* J
Z r2 gravity ,U Z 2 M* i6 9 forces •,+ ,U ),3 )* u3 i6 1„Œ
global bU '9 3)* (3P i6 9 •'Ž* f 2)*
3t/m ") n b0 bU9 ),3 )* 3 + • uniform load d ")* b0
["N)* *TU 4(5 5~, ),3 )* 1U s/; ok '!)* uš•*

LL = 2t/m )* ),3 () 7-") (3N)* £X 1 N : t 7"

ƒ!„ 3)* ),3 )* P* J
t (5 ") k)f9 1 ["N)* W1d
point :R frame load /V* assign 3v )* J
dead 4)Q 3 /)* ) d :;* ™
Z r2 gravity ,U Z 2 M* i6 9 forces •,+ ,U ),3 )* u3 i6 1„Œ
global bU '9 3)* (3P i6 9 •'Ž* f 2)*
ƒ1rd*9 ƒ,r+ § r"U r") n br0 Jj)9 ƒ1d*9 N0W •,+ '6 •9 ""j3
relative distance from end 1 ' r ‡)* i6 1„Œ/ point loads d ")* J k)T)
o NX)* ,U
( S[/"3)* b0 h6 ) 0.5 4)Q 1 ‡)* g distance 3 )* š
( ƒ, )* 3 + ) 8 4)Q 1 :+ )* g load 3 )* š


^dp
Jr M1r absolute distance from end 1' r ‡)* r NX Jrj3
r (q3)* 0 r-3)* V1r Z1r"5 relative distance from end 1
Sr[/" brU9 2 r• distance d ")* b0 1 :+ )* g pn
4m 0 -3)*

LL = 5t )* ),3 () 7-") (3N)* £X 1 N : t 7"

t (5 ") k)f9 2 ["N)* W1d
distributed :R frame load /V* assign 3v )* J
dead 4)Q 3 /)* ) d :;* ™
Z 2 gravity ,U Z 2 M* i6 9 forces •,+ ,U ),3 )* u3 i6 1„Œ
global bU '9 3)* (3P i6 9 •'Ž* f 2)*
Trapezoidal loads d ")* J
o NX)* ,U absolute distance from end 1 ' ‡)* NP*
0 3 )* uniform load d ")* b0 t * 1„Œ
( /X)* S[/" ) 3 4)Q 2 ‡)* g distance 3 )* ™
( n(n3)* ),3 )* ƒ1¨) 3 4)Q 2 ‡)* g load 3 )* ™
6 4)Q 3 ‡)* g distance 3 )* ™
0 4)Q 3 ‡)* g load 3 )* ™
ok *


LL = 2t/m )* ),3 () 7-") (3N)* £X 1 N : t 7"

: ^dp
h6 b0 k"j3 9 :; )* 4(5 M,3 )* bX/‡ }15 8( M
b( 3„ M,3 )* 3P ' ^ )
:R frame /V* :R show load assigns /V* display 3v )* J
ok :R L/ ' 1 b/)* ),3 )* :;* /V*

Œs"3)* S N -10

/V* analyze 3v )* J k)f 9 h,/- t 6 4(5 Œs"3)* m N
J " L/ * 1+ i,j k)T 9 ok :R xz plane ' /‡ :R set analysis options
( /)* (3N }, i©* 9 Œs"3)* K "
Œs"3)* ( -11
S(3)* i!‡ •
uš• '*,d " 1) L^ 0 run analysis ' /‡ analyze 3v )* J •
( /)* (35 617/0 run now '!)* 4(5
analysis complete (3P L^ 4/d ( /)* 3/- •
ª 2" 4L/ * 1+ 3N)* iQ b"N *TU •
(js § "U t * b"N *TU analysis uncomplete (3P L^ 1"5 •
( Œs"3)* '* /;* }1N„)
v /")* ' -11
( i 3)* u‡)* ) Z,s3)* js)* M96

L^ U1"5 show deform shspe ' /‡ display 3v )* J
deformed shape '*, )*
hT)* e „ /)* 96 ),3 )* ' /‡ case/combo name ‡)* b0
pn , e „ /)* 96 ),3 )* ZTU J5 ")* Z,s3)* js)* ) Z1
u1 ' /‡
i 3)* u‡)* ¢ 3 :j /)* ""j3 scaling d ")* b0
cubic 9 wire shadow } 6 8 p5 • options d ")* b0
curve

' ""j3 U1"5 '!)* 4(5 "qš• *fQ9
;,3)* § / js Z,s3)* js)*

u1


ƒ15 -3() *9WŽ* «N

š[/)*9 7j/)* *9W6
ƒT0 js 7j/()
¨ s)* W91d J3• Œs"3)* „ N2)
8 -)* js() i1 N
ƒ,qV '*1 3 š[/)* 9 7j/()
Z 2 * hŒ 9 K s 3X „ Œs"3)* k ""j3

1 1 /)* *9W6

¨ s)* 4(5 },; Kb¨ „ " 1) W1 / '!)* *TU 4(5 ")

8 -)* 1 1 /)* ' /V* :/ '!)* *TU 4(5 ")
1 1 /)* K š)Q :/ '!)* *TU 4(5 ")
tN N /3)* ] "N)* 3P ' /V }, q / uV '!)* *TU :;
ƒ ¨ 7 t (5 ") ["5 h6 1 1 )*~Q 96 1 1 Jj3 3„

: ^dp
k)f 9 u 0 1 N)* J3• MQ L^ M Z,s3)* js)* b0 : )*
*'91)* 9 M / M* 3 + L^ c d J3 Ž* '!) L (5 ")
ƒ1 N)* ZTU b0
o N0Ž* W9W' : R
joints /V* :R show forces/stresses /V* display 3v )* J
joint reaction forces '*, )* L^
U1 ' ‡)* Case/combo name ‡)* b0 •
o N0Ž* W9W' L^/0 OK uš• :R pX;6 js)* 8 9


( M , N , T ) W,L2)* qq‡ – n) R
frame /V* :R show forces/stresses /V* display 3v )* J
'*, )* L^

: c d †,(q3)* 1L2)* uq‡ ' /V* ""j3 component d ")* J
', 3)* •, )* Axial force •
( ),+ s)* •, )* J5 ")* ) )* 1L2)* Shear 2-2 •
( 0Ž* •, )* J5 ")* ) )* 1L2)* Shear 3-3 •
/X)* uq‡ Torsion •
( 0Ž* •, )* J5 ")* ) z o,d }!N)* Moment 2-2 •
( ),+ s)* •, )* J5 ")* ) y o,d }!N)* Moment 3-3 •

shear2-2 #$ % &'( )*+,

moment 3-3 4 *567 89 )*+,

: U ^dp
J '!)* 4(5 ")* J M96 1 p0 Œs" b0 Kb¨ 1N/ e™ 1+
7 P " 73)* ƒT0 ")* L^ '!)* *TU 4(5 ")* 1"5 9 X )* k0 P6
(3N }, :R 80*, '!)* 4(5 "
1N/)*


: ^dp
'!)* 4(5 ") k)f 9 :-2 js Œs"3)* ' ""j3
js)* 8 general d ")* J :R

'*'~Ž* «N ®*,V
™* 0 Œs"3)* 'J ""j3

:R t (5 " ) *9~ ƒ15 J ™* 0 js)* :j /)* J ""j3
(1 3X „ js)* '91
xy h,/-3)* b0 js)* ' ""j3
xz h,/-3)* b0 js)* ' ""j3
yz h,/-3)* b0 js)* ' ""j3
S(‡() ƒ,qV P* /()

P* /)* (35 7+ js() ƒW,N)*9 P* /)* (35 J5 b( /()

: - ")* - /)* *' V
:; )* (35 b0 15 - 3L *' V bU9

9 j7s)* 1 5 u /( 9 b•* /0M* ' ‡)* ,U9
] "N)* L

£ )9 u 0 ] "N)* X[/" 9 L - /)M
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] "N)* N u /(

},; 3)* ["N)* 4(5 W,3N)* ] "N)* u /(

},; 3)* u‡)* 4(5 „ )* 4(5 ¨“3)* 72
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trim Ž*
: b( 3„ k)f9 ["N)* J ,™ ™ K*!P6 mT }, 6 ,U9
t" K!P mTd 1 hT)* ["N)* ' /‡ •
tN / ["5 ' /‡ •
mT ; hT)* ["N)* L b0 q ")* 96 ƒ1 N)* W1 •
' /‡ 3v )* J •
'*, )* L^ •
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ok uš• •
on

k /)*9 Y-")* *96
t[v [V Y- i9W ["N)* Y-" Ž* *TU }, : copy Ž* (1
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edit 3v )* J Z' /V* Jj3 , ["N)* " }, : move Ž* (3

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نوطة تعليمية لبرنامج Sap2000

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